permission

English

Alternative forms

• permistion, permixtion (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English permision, permission, permissioun, permyssion, from Middle French permission, from Latin permissiō. Mostly replaced native English leave, from Old English lēaf (“permission”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: pərmĭ'shən, IPA^(key): /pəˈmɪʃən/
• (General American) enPR: pərmĭ'shən, IPA^(key): /pɚˈmɪʃən/

• Audio (General American):

  (file)

• (Indic) IPA^(key): /ˈpɜː(ɾ)miʃan/, /pa(ɾ)ˈmiʃan/
• Rhymes: -ɪʃən
• Hyphenation: per‧mis‧sion

Noun

permission (countable and uncountable, plural permissions)

1. authorisation; consent (especially formal consent from someone in authority)

   Sire, do I have your permission to execute this traitor?

2. The act of permitting.
3. (computing) Flags or access control lists pertaining to a file that dictate who can access it, and how.

   I used the "chmod" command to change the file's permission.

Antonyms

• prohibition

Derived terms

• it's better to ask forgiveness than permission
• it's easier to ask forgiveness than to get permission
• permissible
• permissioning
• permission slip
• permissive
• planning permission

Related terms

• permit

Translations

authorisation

• Albanian: leje (sq) f
• Arabic: تَصْرِيح m (taṣrīḥ), سَمَاح m (samāḥ), إِجَازَة f (ʔijāza), رُخْصَة f (ruḵṣa), رُخُصَة f (ruḵuṣa), إِذْن (ar) m (ʔiḏn)
• Armenian: թույլտվություն (hy) (tʻuyltvutʻyun)
• Avar: изну (iznu)
• Azerbaijani: icazə (az), izin (az), müsaidə
• Bashkir: рөхсәт (röxsət)
• Belarusian: дазво́л m (dazvól)
• Bengali: অনুমতি (bn) (onumoti), ইজাজত (bn) (ijajot)
• Bulgarian: разреше́ние (bg) n (razrešénie), позволе́ние (bg) n (pozvolénie)
• Burmese: အခွင့် (my) (a.hkwang.)
• Catalan: permís (ca) m, autorització (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 許可 / 许可 (yue) (heoi² ho²)

  Mandarin: 許可 / 许可 (zh) (xǔkě), 授權 / 授权 (zh) (shòuquán), 允許 / 允许 (zh) (yúnxǚ)

• Czech: povolení (cs) n
• Danish: tilladelse (da) c, lov (da) c
• Dutch: toestemming (nl) f, toelating (nl) f, permissie (nl) f, verlof (nl) n
• Esperanto: permeso (eo)
• Estonian: luba
• Faroese: loyvi n
• Finnish: oikeus (fi), lupa (fi)
• French: permission (fr) f, permis (fr) m
• Galician: permiso m, licenza (gl) f
• Georgian: ნებართვა (nebartva)
• German: Erlaubnis (de) f, Gestattung (de) f, Genehmigung (de) f
• Greek: άδεια (el) f (ádeia), έγκριση (el) f (égkrisi)
• Hebrew: הֶתֵּר m (hetér)
• Hindi: अनुमति (hi) f (anumti), इजाज़त f (ijāzat)
• Hungarian: engedély (hu)
• Icelandic: leyfi (is) f
• Ido: darfo (io)
• Indonesian: izin (id), keizinan (id), perkenan (id), permisi (id)
• Italian: permesso (it) m
• Japanese: 許可 (ja) (きょか, kyoka), 認可 (ja) (にんか, ninka)
• Kazakh: рұқсат (rūqsat)
• Khmer: អធិក្រឹតិ (km) (ʼaʼthikrət), អនុញ្ញាត (km) (ʼaʼnuññaat)
• Korean: 허가(許可) (ko) (heoga), 인가(認可) (ko) (in'ga)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: îcaze (ku), izin (ku), destûr (ku)

• Kyrgyz: уруксат (ky) (uruksat)
• Lao: ການອະນຸຍາດ (kān ʼa nu nyāt), ອະນຸຍາດ (ʼa nu nyāt)
• Latin: permissio f, concessus m
• Latvian: atļauja f
• Lithuanian: leidimas m
• Macedonian: дозвола (dozvola)
• Malay: kebenaran (ms), izin (ms), keizinan (ms), perkenan
• Malayalam: അനുമതി (ml) (anumati)
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: зөвшөөрөл (mn) (zövšööröl)

• Ngazidja Comorian: idhini class 9
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: tillatelse (no) m, permisjon m

• Old English: lēaf (ang) f
• Ottoman Turkish: اذن (izn), رخصت (ruhsat), مساعده (müsâʼade), اجازت (icazet), دستور (düstur)
• Pashto: اجازت (ps) m (ejāzat), اجازه (ps) f (ejāza), اذن (ps) m (ezn), رخصت (ps) m (roxsat)
• Persian:

  Classical Persian: اِجَازَه (ijāza), رُخْصَت (ruxsat), اِذْن (izn)

  Iranian Persian: اِجازِه (ejâze), رُخْصَت (roxsat), اِذْن (ezn)

• Polish: pozwolenie (pl) n, dozwolenie n, zezwolenie (pl) n
• Portuguese: permissão (pt) f
• Romanian: permisiune (ro) f
• Russian: разреше́ние (ru) n (razrešénije), позволе́ние (ru) n (pozvolénije)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: до̏звола f

  Roman: dȍzvola (sh) f

• Slovak: povolenie n
• Slovene: dovoljênje (sl) n
• Spanish: permiso (es) m, venia (es) f, beneplácito (es) m, permisión f
• Swahili: idhini (sw)
• Swedish: tillåtelse (sv) c, tillstånd (sv) n, medgivande (sv) c, lov (sv) c or n
• Tabasaran: ихтияр (iꭓtijar)
• Tajik: иҷозат (tg) (ijozat), рухсат (ruxsat), изн (izn)
• Tamil: அனுமதி (ta) (aṉumati)
• Tatar: рөхсәт (tt) (röxsät)
• Telugu: అనుమతి (te) (anumati)
• Thai: การอนุญาต (th) (gaan-à-nú-yâat), อนุญาต (th) (à-nú-yâat)
• Tocharian B: plāki
• Turkish: izin (tr), müsaade (tr), ruhsat (tr), icazet (tr)
• Turkmen: rugsat
• Ukrainian: до́звіл (uk) m (dózvil), дозволя́ння n (dozvoljánnja)
• Urdu: اِجازَت (ur) f (ijāzat), رُخْصَت (ur) f (ruxsat), اِذْن m (izn)
• Uyghur: ئىجازەت (ijazet), رۇخسەت (ruxset)
• Uzbek: ijozat (uz), ruxsat (uz), izn (uz)
• Vietnamese: sự cho phép (vi)
• Welsh: caniatâd m

act of permitting

• Armenian: թույլտվություն (hy) (tʻuyltvutʻyun)
• Bulgarian: позволе́ние (bg) n (pozvolénie)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 授權 / 授权 (zh) (shòuquán), 允許 / 允许 (zh) (yúnxǚ)

• Danish: tilladelse (da) c
• Finnish: lupa (fi)
• Georgian: ნებართვის მიცემა (nebartvis micema)
• Greek: άδεια (el) f (ádeia)
• Hungarian: megengedés (hu), engedélyezés (hu)
• Italian: permesso (it)
• Japanese: 許可 (ja) (きょか, kyoka)
• Malayalam: അനുവാദം (ml) (anuvādaṁ)
• Polish: pozwolenie (pl) n, dozwolenie n, zezwolenie (pl) n
• Portuguese: permissão (pt) f
• Romanian: permitere (ro) f
• Russian: разреше́ние (ru) n (razrešénije)
• Slovene: dovoljênje (sl) n
• Spanish: permisión f
• Swahili: idhini (sw)
• Swedish: tillåtelse (sv)
• Telugu: అనుమతి (te) (anumati)
• Turkish: izin (tr), müsaade (tr)
• Ukrainian: до́звіл (uk) m (dózvil), дозволя́ння c (dozvoljánnja)

in computing

• Finnish: oikeudet (fi), käyttöoikeudet
• Greek: άδεια (el) f (ádeia), δικαίωμα (el) n (dikaíoma)
• Portuguese: permissão (pt) f
• Spanish: permiso (es) m
• Swedish: rättigheter (sv)

Verb

permission (third-person singular simple present permissions, present participle permissioning, simple past and past participle permissioned)

1. (transitive) To grant or obtain authorization for.
   • 2003, Mary Ellen Lepionka, Writing and Developing Your College Textbook‎^[1], page 190:

     Photographs also must be permissioned and credited, although a corpus of copyright-free images does exist online.

See also

• clearance

Further reading

• File system permissions on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• impression

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin permissiōnem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pɛʁ.mi.sjɔ̃/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

permission f (plural permissions)

1. permission
2. military leave

   Ces soldats sont en permission, s’en vont en permission, reviennent de permission.

Related terms

• permettre

Further reading

• “permission”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.