省

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省 U+7701, 省
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7701
← 眀
[U+7700] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 眂 →
[U+7702]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
9 strokes

Han character[edit]

省 (radical 109, 目+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 火竹月山 (FHBU), four-corner 90602, composition ⿱少目)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 802, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23179
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1218, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2473, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7701

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 省

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 省
Western Zhou
Bronze inscriptions
省-bronze.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (省) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
省 *sreŋʔ, *sleŋʔ
渻 *saːl, *sreŋʔ, *seŋʔ
箵 *sleːŋʔ

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note:
  • sén - “province”;
  • sáng - “to save”.
  • Min Dong
    • Note:
    • sēng - literary (“province; to reduce”);
    • sāng - vernacular (“to save; to reduce”).
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • Zhangzhou:
      • séng - literary;
      • séⁿ - vernacular.
  • (Teochew)
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 省
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial (聲) 生 (21)
    Final (韻) 庚 (111)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 所景切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ʃˠiæŋX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ʃᵚiaŋX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ʃiaŋX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ʂiajŋX/
    Li
    Rong         		/ʃiɐŋX/
    Wang
    Li         		/ʃĭɐŋX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ʂi̯ɐŋX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		shěng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		sang2
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 省
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 11384
    Phonetic
    component         		省
    Rime
    group         		耕
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		省
    Old
    Chinese         		/*sreŋʔ/
    Notes 甲金文生省聲

    Definitions[edit]

    省

    1. to omit; to leave out
    2. to reduce, to simplify
    3. (colloquial, by extension) to have less strange, potentially genius but generally lousy ideas for the sake of others to save worry
      你還是省省吧。 / 你还是省省吧。  ―  Nǐ háishì shěng shěng ba.  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)
    4. to save, to economize
      省電 / 省电  ―  shěngdiàn  ―  to conserve electricity
      省錢 / 省钱  ―  shěngqián  ―  to save money
    5. † palace
    6. ⁜ (historical, by extension) department (of a government)
      中書省 / 中书省  ―  Zhōngshūshěng  ―  the Secretariat
    7. province; (originally) Short for 行省 (xíngshěng). (Classifier: 個／个)
      福建省  ―  Fújiàn Shěng  ―  Fujian Province
    8. A surname​.
    Synonyms[edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 省 (“to save; to economize”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 省
    Mandarin Taiwan 省
    Guilin 省
    Singapore 省
    Cantonese Guangzhou 慳
    Hong Kong 慳
    Taishan 慳
    Hakka Meixian 省
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 慳
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 省
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 省
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 省
    Dongshi (Dabu) 省
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 省
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 省
    Min Nan Taipei 省 GT
    Singapore (Hokkien) 省, 儉
    Chaozhou 儉
    Shantou 儉, 省
    Singapore (Teochew) 儉
    Note GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 省

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic (省):
    • → Japanese: 省(しょう) (shō)
    • → Korean: 성 (省, seong)
    • → Vietnamese: tỉnh (省)

    Others:

    See also[edit]

    • 縣／县 (xiàn, “Japanese prefecture”)
    • 州 (zhōu, “state”)

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    Rime
    Character 省
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial (聲) 心 (16)
    Final (韻) 清 (121)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 息井切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/siᴇŋX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/siɛŋX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/siæŋX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/siajŋX/
    Li
    Rong         		/siɛŋX/
    Wang
    Li         		/sĭɛŋX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/si̯ɛŋX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		xǐng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		sing2
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 省
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		xǐng
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ sjengX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[s]eŋʔ/
    English inspect

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 省
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 11386
    Phonetic
    component         		省
    Rime
    group         		耕
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		省
    Old
    Chinese         		/*sleŋʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    省

    1. to examine; to inspect
    2. to greet; to visit
    3. to understand; to comprehend

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 省

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    省

    (grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. government ministry
    2. Chinese province

    Readings[edit]

    Prefix[edit]

    省(しょう) • (shō-) 

    1. saving, conservation

    Suffix[edit]

    省(しょう) • (-shō) 

    1. ministry

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 省 (MC siᴇŋX).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 Recorded as Middle Korean 셔ᇰ〯 (Yale: syěng) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] ᄉᆞᆯ필 셩 Recorded as Middle Korean 셩 (Yale: syeng) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
    Early Modern Korean
    Text Final (韻) Reading
    Samun Seonghwi, 1751 ᄉᆞᆯ필 셩 Recorded as Early Modern Korean 셩 (Yale: syeng) in Juhae Cheonjamun (註解千字文 / 주해천자문), 1804.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    省 (eumhun 살필 성 (salpil seong))

    1. Hanja form? of 성 (“to examine; to inspect”).
    2. Hanja form? of 성 (“Chinese province”).
    3. Hanja form? of 성 (“ministry; department”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology 2[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 省 (MC ʃˠiæŋX).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 Recorded as Middle Korean ᄉᆡᇰ〯 (Yale: sǒyng) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[3] 조릴 ᄉᆡᆼ Recorded as Middle Korean ᄉᆡᆼ (Yale: soyng) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
    Early Modern Korean
    Text Final (韻) Reading
    Samun Seonghwi, 1751 덜 ᄉᆡᆼ Recorded as Early Modern Korean ᄉᆡᆼ (Yale: soyng) in Juhae Cheonjamun (註解千字文 / 주해천자문), 1804.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    省 (eumhun 덜 생 (deol saeng))

    1. Hanja form? of 생 (“to reduce; to omit”).
    2. Hanja form? of 생 (“saving; conservation”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [4]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    省: Hán Nôm readings: tỉnh, xển, xỉnh, xĩnh, tểnh, tễnh

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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