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州

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 川, 洲, and 𭘀
州 U+5DDE, 州
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5DDE
← 川
[U+5DDD] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 巟 →
[U+5DDF]

Translingual

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Han character

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Stroke order
6 strokes

州 (Kangxi radical 47, 巛+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 戈中戈中 (ILIL), four-corner 32000, composition ⿻⿲丿丶丶川(GJKV) or ⿻⿲丶丶丶川(HT))

Derived characters

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Alternative forms

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Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 324, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8678
  • Dae Jaweon: page 624, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 46, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5DDE

Chinese

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trad. 州
simp. # 州
alternative forms 𠄓
𭘀
Wikipedia has articles on:
  • 州 (Written Standard Chinese?)
  • 州 (Cantonese)

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 州
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (州) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
洲 *tju
州 *tju
喌 *tju, *tjuɡ
酬 *dju
詶 *dju, *djus

Pictogram (象形) – islet in a river.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 州
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 職流切
Baxter tsyuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕɨu/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕiu/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕiəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/cuw/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕiu/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕĭəu/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhōu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zau1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 州
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhōu
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsyuw ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tu/
English islet in stream; province

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 州
Reading # 1/1
No. 17493
Phonetic
component 		州
Rime
group 		幽
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		周
Old
Chinese 		/*tju/

Definitions

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州

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 洲 (zhōu, “islet in a river”)
  2. (historical, now still used in place names) zhou (a type of historical political divisions of China, usually translated as prefecture or province)
    揚州／扬州  ―  Yángzhōu  ―  (historical) Yang Province; (modern) Yangzhou
  3. Short for 自治州 (zìzhìzhōu).
    延邊州和俄羅斯及朝鮮接壤，下轄六縣級市和三縣。 [MSC, trad.]
    延边州和俄罗斯及朝鲜接壤，下辖六县级市和三县。 [MSC, simp.]
    Yánbiān zhōu hé éluósī jí cháoxiān jiērǎng, xiàxiá liù xiànjíshì hé sān xiàn. [Pinyin]
    Yanbian (Korean Autonomous) Prefecture shares border with Russia and North Korea, and is subdivided into 6 county-level cities and 3 counties.
  4. state; canton; oblast (of some countries)

Synonyms

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See also

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  • 省份 (shěngfèn), 省 (shěng, “province”)
  • 縣／县 (xiàn, “county”)
  • 邦 (bāng, “state, especially Indian or Burmese”)

Descendants

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  • → Lü: ᦵᦋᦲᧁᧈ (tsoew¹)
  • → Manchu: ᠵᡝᠣ (jeo)
  • → Mongolian: ᠵᠧᠦ (ǰēü), жүү (žüü)
  • → Khotanese: -cū

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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州

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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  • Go-on: す (su)
  • Kan-on: しゅう (shū, Jōyō)←しう (siu, historical)
  • Kun: す (su, 州, Jōyō)、しま (shima, 州)

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
州
しゅう
Grade: 3
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 州 (MC tsyuw).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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州(しゅう) • (shū) ←しう (siu)?

  1. first-level administrative division of some countries, such as: (1) state of the United States, Australia, India, Nigeria and Germany; (2) province of Canada; (3) canton of Switzerland; etc.
  2. used in place names, usually associated with (historical) political divisions
Compounds
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
州
しゅう
Grade: 3
kan'on
Alternative spelling
洲 (dated)

州 is a daiyōji replacing 洲.

Suffix

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州(しゅう) • (-shū) ←しう (-siu)?

  1. continent
  2. used in place names
Compounds
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Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
州
す
Grade: 3
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 州 – see the following entry.
【す】
[noun] 州, 洲: sandbank, sandbar
Alternative spelling
洲
(This term, 州, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

州 (eumhun 고을 주 (go'eul ju))

  1. hanja form? of 주 (“state; province”)

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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州: Hán Nôm readings: châu, chu

  1. state
  2. province
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