縣

See also: 县 and 県

縣 U+7E23, 縣 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7E23 ← 縢 [U+7E22] CJK Unified Ideographs 縤 → [U+7E24]

Translingual

Traditional	縣
Shinjitai	県
Simplified	县

Han character

縣 (radical 120, 糸+10, 16 strokes, cangjie input 月火竹女火 (BFHVF), four-corner 6299₃, composition ⿰⿱⿴𠀃三小系(GTV) or ⿰県系(HJK))

Derived characters

• 懸 (悬)

Descendants

• 县 (simplification, as in 悬 (from 懸))
• 県 (simplification)

References

• KangXi: page 934, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27784
• Dae Jaweon: page 1373, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3435, character 11
• Unihan data for U+7E23

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Chinese

trad.		縣
simp.		县

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 縣
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (縣) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
縣	*ɡʷeːn, *ɡʷeːns
懸	*ɡʷeːn

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 𥄉 + 系 – to hang 系 by the head 𥄉 (hair hanging down).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiàn (xian⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yen / yan
• Min Bei (KCR): gṳ̄ing
• Min Dong (BUC): gâing
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): koāiⁿ / kūiⁿ / koān / koǎn / hiān

  (Teochew, Peng'im): guin⁷

• Wu (Wiktionary): hhyoe (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: xiàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ
    • Wade–Giles: hsien⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiann
    • IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: jyun⁶
    • Yale: yuhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jyn⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yun⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /jyːn²²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yen
    • Hakka Romanization System: ien
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yan⁴
    • IPA: /i̯en⁵⁵/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yan
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)ian
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yan⁴
    • IPA: /(j)i̯an⁵⁵/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gṳ̄ing
    • IPA ^(key): /kyiŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gâing
    • IPA ^(key): /kaiŋ²⁴²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kinmen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koāiⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: kuāinn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kvoai
    • IPA (Xiamen, Kinmen): /kuãi²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kuãi³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Hsinchu)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kūiⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: kuīnn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kvui
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kuĩ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Sanxia, Yilan, Magong)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koān
    • Tâi-lô: kuān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koan
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuan³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuan²²/
  • (Hokkien: Lukang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koǎn
    • Tâi-lô: kuǎn
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiān
    • Tâi-lô: hiān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hien
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɛn⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hiɛn²²/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hiɛn³³/

Note:

• koāiⁿ/kūiⁿ/koān - vernacular;
• hiān - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: guin⁷
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kūiⁿ
  • IPA ^(key): /kũĩ¹¹/

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wiktionary: hhyoe (T3)
  • IPA ^(key): /ɦyø²³/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 縣
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕian⁵¹/
	Harbin	/ɕian⁵³/
	Tianjin	/ɕian⁵³/
	Jinan	/ɕiã²¹/
	Qingdao	/ɕiã⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ɕian³¹²/
	Xi'an	/ɕiã⁴⁴/
	Xining	/ɕiã²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/ɕian¹³/
	Lanzhou	/ɕiɛ̃n¹³/
	Ürümqi	/ɕian²¹³/
	Wuhan	/ɕiɛn³⁵/
	Chengdu	/ɕian¹³/
	Guiyang	/ɕian²¹³/
	Kunming	/ɕiɛ̃²¹²/
	Nanjing	/ɕien⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/ɕiĩ⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕie⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/ɕie̞³⁵/
	Hohhot	/ɕie⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦyø²³/
	Suzhou	/ɦiø³¹/
	Hangzhou	/ɦiẽ̞¹³/
	Wenzhou	/jy²²/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕie²²/
	Tunxi	/yɛ¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕiẽ⁵⁵/ /ɕiẽ¹¹/
	Xiangtan	/ɕiẽ²¹/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɕiɛn²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/ian⁵³/
	Taoyuan	/ʒen⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jyn²²/
	Nanning	/jin²²/ /yn²²/
	Hong Kong	/jyn²²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/hian²²/ /kuãi²²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kaiŋ²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kyiŋ⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kũi³¹/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/sin³⁵/ /kɔi²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ɦwen^H/▼

Rime
Character	縣
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	先 (86)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	黃練切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦwenH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷenH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɛnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwɛnH/
Li Rong	/ɣuenH/
Wang Li	/ɣiwenH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣiwenH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xuàn

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.[ɡ]ʷˤe[n]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷeːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	縣
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiàn
Middle Chinese	‹ hwenH ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə.[ɡ]ʷˁe[n]-s/
English	district
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	縣
Reading #	2/2
No.	13578
Phonetic component	縣
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷeːns/

Definitions

縣

1. An administrative subdivision of imperial, republican, and communist China, typically translated as "county" but now generally restricted to rural areas, contrasted with the urban "districts" (區)
2. (in many cases but not always) The town which serves as the seat of government of such subdivisions, the "county seat"

See also

• (first-level divisions): 省 (shěng), 市 (shì); 道 (dào) (historical)
• (second-level divisions): 區／区 (qū); 州 (zhōu), 市 (shì), 府 (fǔ), 郡 (jùn), 道 (dào) (historical)

Descendants

• → Lü: ᦶᦉᧃᧈ (ṡaen¹)

Compounds

• 五峰土家族自治縣／五峰土家族自治县 (Wǔfēng Tǔjiāzú Zìzhìxiàn)
• 京縣／京县
• 他鄉外縣／他乡外县
• 唐縣／唐县 (Tángxiàn)
• 均縣／均县 (Jūnxiàn)
• 外縣／外县
• 夫人縣君／夫人县君
• 州縣／州县 (zhōuxiàn)
• 庪縣／庪县
• 畿縣／畿县
• 知縣／知县 (zhīxiàn)
• 神州赤縣／神州赤县
• 縣丞／县丞
• 縣主／县主
• 縣令／县令 (xiànlìng)
• 縣佐／县佐
• 縣侯／县侯
• 縣君／县君

• 縣圃／县圃
• 縣城／县城 (xiànchéng)
• 縣境／县境
• 縣太爺／县太爷
• 縣學／县学
• 縣官／县官
• 縣宰／县宰
• 縣尉／县尉 (xiànwèi)
• 縣尊／县尊
• 縣尹／县尹
• 縣府／县府 (xiànfǔ)
• 縣志／县志 (xiànzhì)
• 縣政府／县政府 (xiànzhèngfǔ)
• 縣民／县民
• 縣河／县河 (Xiànhé)
• 縣治／县治
• 縣界／县界 (xiànjiè)
• 縣立／县立

• 縣議員／县议员
• 縣議會／县议会
• 縣象／县象
• 縣賞／县赏
• 縣跂／县跂
• 縣轄市／县辖市
• 縣道／县道
• 縣長／县长 (xiànzhǎng)
• 肅北蒙古族自治縣／肃北蒙古族自治县 (Sùběi Měnggǔzú Zìzhìxiàn)
• 舊縣／旧县 (Jiùxiàn)
• 贛縣／赣县 (Gànxiàn)
• 赤縣／赤县 (Chìxiàn)
• 赤縣神州／赤县神州 (Chìxiàn Shénzhōu)
• 郡縣／郡县 (jùnxiàn)
• 部縣／部县
• 阿克塞哈薩克族自治縣／阿克塞哈萨克族自治县 (Ākèsài Hāsàkèzú Zìzhìxiàn)
• 首縣／首县

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Japanese

Shinjitai	県
Kyūjitai	縣

Kanji

縣

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 県)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): けん (ken)
• Kun: かける (kakeru, 縣ける); かかる (kakaru, 縣かる); あがた (agata, 縣)

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Korean

Hanja

縣 • (hyeon) (hangeul 현, McCune–Reischauer hyŏn, Yale hyen)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

縣 (huyện)

1. Hán tự form of huyện (“district”).