縣

縣 U+7E23, 縣 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7E23 ← 縢 [U+7E22] CJK Unified Ideographs 縤 → [U+7E24]

See also: 县 and 県

Translingual

Traditional	縣
Shinjitai	県
Simplified	县

Han character

縣 (radical 120 糸+10, 16 strokes, cangjie input 月火竹女火 (BFHVF), four-corner 6299₃, composition ⿰県系(JK) or ⿰⿱⿻且一小系(GTV))

Derived characters

• 懸 (悬)

Descendants

• 县 (simplification, as in 悬 (from 懸))
• 県 (simplification)

References

• KangXi: page 934, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27784
• Dae Jaweon: page 1373, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3435, character 11
• Unihan data for U+7E23

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Chinese

trad.		縣
simp.		县

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 縣
Bronze inscriptions	Large seal script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (縣) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
縣	*ɡʷeːn, *ɡʷeːns
懸	*ɡʷeːn

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 𥄉 + 系 – to hang 系 by the head 𥄉 (hair hanging down).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiàn (xian⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yen / yan
• Min Dong (BUC): gâing
• Min Nan (POJ): hiān / kūiⁿ / koān / koāiⁿ
• Wu (Wiktionary): hhyoe (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: xiàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ
    • Wade-Giles: hsien⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiann
    • IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: jyun⁶
    • Yale: yuhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jyn⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yun⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /jyːn²²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yen
    • Hakka Romanization System: ien
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yan⁴
    • IPA: /i̯en⁵⁵/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yan
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)ian
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yan⁴
    • IPA: /(j)i̯an⁵⁵/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gâing
    • IPA ^(key): /kaiŋ²⁴²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiān
    • Tâi-lô: hiān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hien
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hiɛn²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɛn⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɛn²²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kūiⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: kuīnn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kvui
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kuĩ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koān
    • Tâi-lô: kuān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koan
    • IPA (Taipei): /kuan³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuan³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuan²²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koāiⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: kuāinn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kvoai
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kuãi²²/

Note:

• hiān - literary;
• kūiⁿ/koān/koāiⁿ - vernacular.

• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: hhyoe (T3)
    • IPA ^(key): /ɦyø²³/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 縣
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕian⁵¹/
	Harbin	/ɕian⁵³/
	Tianjin	/ɕian⁵³/
	Jinan	/ɕiã²¹/
	Qingdao	/ɕiã⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ɕian³¹²/
	Xi'an	/ɕiã⁴⁴/
	Xining	/ɕiã²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/ɕian¹³/
	Lanzhou	/ɕiɛ̃n¹³/
	Ürümqi	/ɕian²¹³/
	Wuhan	/ɕiɛn³⁵/
	Chengdu	/ɕian¹³/
	Guiyang	/ɕian²¹³/
	Kunming	/ɕiɛ̃²¹²/
	Nanjing	/ɕien⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/ɕiĩ⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕie⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/ɕie̞³⁵/
	Hohhot	/ɕie⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦyø²³/
	Suzhou	/ɦiø³¹/
	Hangzhou	/ɦiẽ̞¹³/
	Wenzhou	/jy²²/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕie²²/
	Tunxi	/yɛ¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕiẽ⁵⁵/ /ɕiẽ¹¹/
	Xiangtan	/ɕiẽ²¹/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɕiɛn²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/ian⁵³/
	Taoyuan	/ʒen⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jyn²²/
	Nanning	/jin²²/ /yn²²/
	Hong Kong	/jyn²²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/hian²²/ /kuãi²²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kaiŋ²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kyiŋ⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kũi³¹/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/sin³⁵/ /kɔi²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ɦwen/, /ɦwen^H/▼

Rime
Character	縣	縣
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	先 (86)	先 (86)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	IV	IV
Fanqie	胡涓切	黃練切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦwen/	/ɦwenH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷen/	/ɦʷenH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɛn/	/ɣuɛnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwɛn/	/ɦwɛnH/
Li Rong	/ɣuen/	/ɣuenH/
Wang Li	/ɣiwen/	/ɣiwenH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣiwen/	/ɣiwenH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xuán	xuàn

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*Cə.[ɡ]ʷˤe[n]-s/, /*[ɡ]ʷˤe[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷeːn/, /*ɡʷeːns/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	縣	縣
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiàn	xuán
Middle Chinese	‹ hwenH ›	‹ hwen ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə.[ɡ]ʷˤe[n]-s/	/*[ɡ]ʷˤe[n]/
English	district	suspend
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	縣	縣
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	13576	13578
Phonetic component	縣	縣
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	玄
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷeːn/	/*ɡʷeːns/

Definitions

縣

1. An administrative subdivision of imperial, republican, and communist China, typically translated as "county" but now generally restricted to rural areas, contrasted with the urban "districts" (區)
2. (in many cases but not always) The town which serves as the seat of government of such subdivisions, the "county seat"

See also

• (first-level divisions): 省 (shěng), 市 (shì); 道 (dào) (historical)
• (second-level divisions): 區／区 (qū); 州 (zhōu), 市 (shì), 府 (fǔ), 郡 (jùn), 道 (dào) (historical)

Descendants

• Lu: ᦵᦌᦲᧃ (seiin)

Compounds

• 京縣／京县
• 他鄉外縣／他乡外县
• 外縣／外县
• 夫人縣君／夫人县君
• 州縣／州县 (zhōuxiàn)
• 庪縣／庪县
• 畿縣／畿县
• 知縣／知县 (zhīxiàn)
• 神州赤縣／神州赤县
• 縣丞／县丞
• 縣主／县主
• 縣令／县令 (xiànlìng)
• 縣佐／县佐
• 縣侯／县侯
• 縣君／县君
• 縣圃／县圃

• 縣城／县城 (xiànchéng)
• 縣境／县境
• 縣太爺／县太爷
• 縣學／县学
• 縣官／县官
• 縣宰／县宰
• 縣尉／县尉 (xiànwèi)
• 縣尊／县尊
• 縣尹／县尹
• 縣府／县府 (xiànfǔ)
• 縣志／县志 (xiànzhì)
• 縣政府／县政府 (xiànzhèngfǔ)
• 縣民／县民
• 縣治／县治
• 縣界／县界 (xiànjiè)

• 縣立／县立
• 縣議員／县议员
• 縣議會／县议会
• 縣象／县象
• 縣賞／县赏
• 縣跂／县跂
• 縣轄市／县辖市
• 縣道／县道
• 縣長／县长 (xiànzhǎng)
• 贛縣／赣县
• 赤縣／赤县 (Chìxiàn)
• 赤縣神州／赤县神州 (Chìxiàn Shénzhōu)
• 郡縣／郡县 (jùnxiàn)
• 部縣／部县
• 首縣／首县

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Japanese

Shinjitai	県
Kyūjitai	縣

Kanji

縣

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 県)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): けん (ken)
• Kun: かける (kakeru, 縣ける); かかる (kakaru, 縣かる); あがた (agata, 縣)

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Korean

Hanja

縣 • (hyeon) (hangeul 현, McCune-Reischauer hyŏn, Yale hyen)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

縣 (huyện)

1. Hán tự form of huyện, “district”