流
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Contents
Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
流 (radical 85 水+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 水卜戈山 (EYIU), four-corner 34113, composition ⿰氵㐬)
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 623, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17572
- Dae Jaweon: page 1019, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1631, character 12
- Unihan data for U+6D41
Chinese[edit]
| simp. and trad. |
流 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin[edit]
| Characters in the same phonetic series (流) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 流 | *ru |
| 硫 | *ru |
| 琉 | *ru |
| 旒 | *ru |
| 瑬 | *ru |
| 裗 | *ru |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ru): semantic 氵 + phonetic 㐬.
Pronunciation[edit]
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): lau4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): liù
- Min Dong (BUC): liù
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): lieu (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄡˊ
- Wade-Giles: liu2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liou
- IPA (key): /li̯oʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: lau4
- Yale: làuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: lau4
- Guangdong Romanization: leo4
- IPA (key): /lɐu̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liù
- Hakka Romanization System: liuˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: liu2
- IPA: /li̯u¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: liù
- IPA (key): /l̃ieu⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
Note:
- lâu - vernacular;
- liû - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: lao5 / liu5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lâu / liû
- IPA (key): /lau⁵⁵/, /liu⁵⁵/
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: lieu (T3)
- IPA (key): /liɜ²³/
- (Shanghainese)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 流 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 力求切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/lɨu/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/liu/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/liəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/luw/ |
| Li Rong |
/liu/ |
| Wang Li |
/lĭəu/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/li̯ə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
liú |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 流 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
liú |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ ljuw › |
| Old Chinese |
/*ru/ |
| English | flow (v.) |
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 流 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8335 |
| Phonetic component |
流 |
| Rime group |
幽 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
劉 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ru/ |
| Notes | 或爲毓省聲 |
Definitions[edit]
流
- to flow
-
流汗 ― liúhàn ― to sweat
- to drift; to wander
- class; grade
- current; flow; stream (of water or other fluid)
- trend
- Short for 流明 (liúmíng).
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 流
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Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
流
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Readings[edit]
- Goon: る (ru, Jōyō, uncommon)
- Kan’on: りゅう (ryū, Jōyō)←りう (riu, historical)
- Kun: ながす (nagasu, 流す, Jōyō); ながれ (nagare, 流れ); ながれる (nagareru, 流れる, Jōyō)
Compounds[edit]
- 流派 (ryūha, “school of thought”)
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
流 (lưu)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han characters from which katakana were derived
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Mandarin terms with audio links
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Min Dong lemmas
- Min Nan lemmas
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- Chinese verbs
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- Hakka verbs
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- Min Nan verbs
- Teochew verbs
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- Japanese kanji with kun reading なが-す
- Japanese kanji with kun reading なが-れ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading なが-れる
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading りゅう
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading りう
- Japanese kanji with goon reading る
- Korean lemmas
- Korean Han characters
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
