劉
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See also: 刘
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Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
劉 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+13, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹金中弓 (HCLN), four-corner 72100, composition ⿰𨥫刂)
Derived characters[edit]
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 144, character 39
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2224
- Dae Jaweon: page 325, character 16
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 359, character 4
- Unihan data for U+5289
Chinese[edit]
trad. | 劉 | |
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simp. | 刘 |
Glyph origin[edit]
Old Chinese | |
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卯 | *mruːʔ |
昴 | *mruːʔ |
泖 | *mruːʔ |
茆 | *mruːʔ, *m·ruʔ |
奅 | *m̥ʰruːs |
窌 | *m̥ʰruːs, *m·ruː, *m·rus |
聊 | *m·rɯːw |
貿 | *mlus |
鄮 | *mlus |
劉 | *m·ru |
留 | *m·ru, *m·rus |
蒥 | *m·ru |
鶹 | *m·ru |
騮 | *m·ru |
榴 | *m·ru |
瑠 | *ru |
瘤 | *m·ru, *m·rus |
遛 | *m·ru |
鎦 | *m·ru |
飀 | *m·ru |
鰡 | *m·ru |
嵧 | *m·ru |
餾 | *m·ru, *m·rus |
瀏 | *m·ru, *m·ruʔ |
懰 | *m·ru, *m·ruʔ |
柳 | *m·ruʔ |
珋 | *m·ruʔ |
罶 | *m·ruʔ |
嬼 | *m·ruʔ, *m·rus |
溜 | *m·rus |
霤 | *m·rus |
廇 | *m·rus |
塯 | *m·rus |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *m·ru): phonetic 卯 (OC *mruːʔ) + semantic 金 (“metal”) + semantic 刂 (“knife”).
Often written as 卯 (OC *mruːʔ) in the oracle bone script.
Etymology[edit]
- kill, slaughter
- Probably Sino-Tibetan; compare Tedim Chin gou⁵³ / gɔʔ¹¹ < rouh / rɔʔ/h (Schuessler, 2007).
- battle-axe
- (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From sense "kill, slaughter"?”)
- surname
- (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From sense "battle-ax"? Compare 粵/越 "Yue peoples, state of Yue" from 戉 "battle-ax"”)
- Two origins are recorded: from 劉累 Liú Lĕi, descendant of Emperor Yao and dragon-keeper of King Kong Jia of Xia; and from the Liu state (劉國) ruled by Duke Kang of Liu, younger brother of King Ding of Zhou.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
劉
- † a type of battle axe
- † to kill; to slaughter
- 我王來,既爰宅于茲;重我民,無盡劉。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Book of Documents, circa 4th – 3rd century BCE
- Wǒ wáng lái, jì yuán zhái yú zī; zhòng wǒ mín, wú jìn liú. [Pinyin]
- Our king came, and fixed on this. He did so from a deep concern for our people, and did not wish to see them all being killed.
我王来,既爰宅于兹;重我民,无尽刘。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- † to conquer; to overcome
- † to wither
- (~國) State of Liu during the Zhou dynasty
- A surname.
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 劉
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See also[edit]
- 卯金刀 (Mǎojīndāo)
Descendants[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
劉
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
Readings[edit]
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
劉 (eumhun 죽일 류 (jugil ryu), South Korea 죽일 유 (jugil yu))
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- A family name
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