劉

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See also: 刘
劉 U+5289, 劉
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5289
← 劈
[U+5288] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 劊 →
[U+528A]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

劉 (radical 18, 刀+13, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹金中弓 (HCLN), four-corner 72100, composition ⿰𨥫刂)

Derived characters[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 144, character 39
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2224
  • Dae Jaweon: page 325, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 359, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5289

Chinese[edit]

trad. 劉
simp. 刘
Wikipedia has articles on:
• 劉姓 (Written Standard Chinese?)
• Liu (English)

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (卯) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
卯 *mruːʔ
昴 *mruːʔ
泖 *mruːʔ
茆 *mruːʔ, *m·ruʔ
奅 *m̥ʰruːs
窌 *m̥ʰruːs, *m·ruː, *m·rus
聊 *m·rɯːw
貿 *mlus
鄮 *mlus
劉 *m·ru
留 *m·ru, *m·rus
蒥 *m·ru
鶹 *m·ru
騮 *m·ru
榴 *m·ru
瑠 *ru
瘤 *m·ru, *m·rus
遛 *m·ru
鎦 *m·ru
飀 *m·ru
鰡 *m·ru
嵧 *m·ru
餾 *m·ru, *m·rus
瀏 *m·ru, *m·ruʔ
懰 *m·ru, *m·ruʔ
柳 *m·ruʔ
珋 *m·ruʔ
罶 *m·ruʔ
嬼 *m·ruʔ, *m·rus
溜 *m·rus
霤 *m·rus
廇 *m·rus
塯 *m·rus

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *m·ru): phonetic 卯 (OC *mruːʔ) + semantic 金 (“metal”) + semantic 刂 (“knife”).

Often written as 卯 (OC *mruːʔ) in the oracle bone script.

Etymology[edit]

EB1911 - Volume 01 - Page 001 - 1.svg This entry lacks etymological information. If you are familiar with the origin of this term, please add it to the page per etymology instructions. You can also discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “is the surname related to the sense "to kill"?”

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • lâu - vernacular;
  • liû - literary.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 劉
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 來 (37)
    Final (韻) 尤 (136)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 力求切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/lɨu/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/liu/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/liəu/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/luw/
    Li
    Rong         		/liu/
    Wang
    Li         		/lĭəu/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/li̯ə̯u/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		liú
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 劉
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		liú
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ ljuw ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*mə-ru/
    English kill; surname

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 劉
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 8881
    Phonetic
    component         		卯
    Rime
    group         		幽
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		劉
    Old
    Chinese         		/*m·ru/

    Definitions[edit]

    劉

    1. † a type of battle axe
    2. † to kill; to slaughter
    3. A surname​.
      劉邦 / 刘邦  ―  Liú Bāng  ―  Liu Bang

    Descendants[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 劉

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    劉

    (“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

    1. axe
    2. kill

    Readings[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    劉 • (ryu>yu) (hangeul 류>유)

    1. Mostly used in surname

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    劉 (Lưu)

    1. A Vietnamese family name
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