劉

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劉 U+5289, 劉
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5289
← 劈
[U+5288]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 劊 →
[U+528A]
See also: 刘

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

劉 (radical 18 刀+13, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹金中弓 (HCLN), four-corner 72100, composition ⿰𨥫刂)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 144, character 39
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2224
  • Dae Jaweon: page 325, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 359, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5289

Chinese[edit]

trad. 劉
simp. 刘
Wikipedia has articles on:
• 劉姓 (Written Standard Chinese?)
• Liu (English)
• Liu (surname) (English)

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (卯) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
卯 *mruːʔ
昴 *mruːʔ
泖 *mruːʔ
茆 *mruːʔ, *m·ruʔ
奅 *m̥ʰruːs
窌 *m̥ʰruːs, *m·ruː, *m·rus
聊 *m·rɯːw
貿 *mlus
鄮 *mlus
劉 *m·ru
留 *m·ru, *m·rus
蒥 *m·ru
鶹 *m·ru
騮 *m·ru
榴 *m·ru
瑠 *ru
瘤 *m·ru, *m·rus
遛 *m·ru
鎦 *m·ru
飀 *m·ru
鰡 *m·ru
嵧 *m·ru
餾 *m·ru, *m·rus
瀏 *m·ru, *m·ruʔ
懰 *m·ru, *m·ruʔ
柳 *m·ruʔ
珋 *m·ruʔ
罶 *m·ruʔ
嬼 *m·ruʔ, *m·rus
溜 *m·rus
霤 *m·rus
廇 *m·rus
塯 *m·rus

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *m·ru): phonetic 卯 (OC *mruːʔ) + semantic 金 (“metal”) + semantic 刂 (“knife”).

Often written as 卯 (OC *mruːʔ) in the oracle bone script.

Etymology[edit]

EB1911 - Volume 01 - Page 001 - 1.svg This entry lacks etymological information. If you are familiar with the origin of this term, please add it to the page per etymology instructions. You can also discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “is the surname related to the sense "to kill"?”

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • lâu - vernacular;
  • liû - literary.
Rime
Character 劉
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 力求切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /lɨu/
Pan
Wuyun		 /liu/
Shao
Rongfen		 /liəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /luw/
Li
Rong		 /liu/
Wang
Li		 /lĭəu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /li̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 liú
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 劉
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 liú
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ljuw ›
Old
Chinese		 /*mə-ru/
English kill; surname

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 劉
Reading # 1/1
No. 8881
Phonetic
component		 卯
Rime
group		 幽
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 劉
Old
Chinese		 /*m·ru/

Definitions[edit]

劉

  1. † a type of battle axe
  2. † to kill; to slaughter
  3. A surname​.

Descendants[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

劉

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. axe
  2. kill

Readings[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

劉 • (ryu>yu) (hangeul 류>유, revised ryu>yu, McCune-Reischauer ryu>yu, Yale lyu>yu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

劉 (Lưu)

  1. A Vietnamese family name
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