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奇

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 竒
奇 U+5947, 奇
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5947
← 奆
[U+5946] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 奈 →
[U+5948]

Translingual

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Han character

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奇 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+5, 8 strokes, Cangjie input 大一弓口 (KMNR), four-corner 40621, composition ⿱大可)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 250, character 31
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5892
  • Dae Jaweon: page 510, character 29
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 533, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5947

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 奇
alternative forms 竒
⿱七可

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (奇) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
奇 *kral, *ɡral
畸 *kral
剞 *kral, *kralʔ
羇 *kral
掎 *kral, *kralʔ, *kʰrals
攲 *kral, *kralʔ, *kʰral
躸 *kral
踦 *kralʔ, *kʰral
寄 *krals
徛 *krals, *ɡralʔ
欹 *kʰral, *qral
崎 *kʰral, *ɡɯl
觭 *kʰral, *kʰralʔ
碕 *kʰral, *kʰralʔ, *ɡral, *ɡɯl
綺 *kʰralʔ
婍 *kʰralʔ
騎 *ɡral, *ɡrals
琦 *ɡral
鵸 *ɡral
錡 *ɡral, *ɡralʔ, *ŋɡralʔ
輢 *ɡrals, *qralʔ, *qrals
齮 *ŋɡralʔ
犄 *qral
猗 *qral, *qralʔ
椅 *qral, *qralʔ
旖 *qral, *qralʔ
陭 *qral, *qrals
檹 *qral
漪 *qral
倚 *qralʔ, *qrals

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kral, *ɡral): semantic 大 (“big; great”) + phonetic 可 (OC *kʰaːlʔ).

Pronunciation 1

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Note: literary.
Note: literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 奇
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁵/
Jinan /t͡ɕʰi⁴²/
Qingdao /t͡ɕʰi⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕʰi⁴²/
Xi'an /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕʰji²⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰi⁵³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰi⁵³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
Nanjing /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
Hefei /t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰi¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡ɕʰi¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
Wu Shanghai /d͡ʑi²³/
Suzhou /d͡ʑi¹³/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑi²¹³/
Wenzhou /d͡zz̩³¹/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/
Tunxi /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/ 稀～
/t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/ ～怪
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕi¹³/
Xiangtan /d͡ʑi¹²/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
Hakka Meixian /kʰi¹¹/
Taoyuan /kʰi¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kʰei²¹/
Nanning /kʰi²¹/
Hong Kong /kʰei²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /ki³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /ki⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ki²¹/
/kyɛ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kʰi⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /xi³¹/
Rime
Character 奇
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 支 (13)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 渠羈切
Baxter gje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɡˠiᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɡᵚiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɡiɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/gjiə̆/
Li
Rong 		/ɡje/
Wang
Li 		/ɡǐe/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/gie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		kei4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 奇
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		qí
Middle
Chinese 		‹ gje ›
Old
Chinese 		/*N-k(r)aj/
English strange

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 奇
Reading # 2/2
No. 9997
Phonetic
component 		奇
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		竒
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡral/

Definitions

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奇

  1. strange; odd; weird; unusual
    奇怪  ―  qíguài  ―  strange
    奇特  ―  qítè  ―  peculiar
  2. wonderful; fantastic; remarkable
    奇跡／奇迹  ―  qíjì  ―  miracle
    奇妙  ―  qímiào  ―  fantastic

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Note:
  • kiă - vernacular;
  • kiĕ/ngiă - literary.
Note:
  • kyor1/koe1/kua1/kya1/kia1 - vernacular;
  • gi1 - literary.
Note:
  • khia/kha - vernacular;
  • ki - literary.
Note:
  • kia1 - vernacular;
  • gi1 - literary.
Rime
Character 奇
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 支 (13)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 居宜切
Baxter kje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kˠiᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kᵚiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kiɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kjiə̆/
Li
Rong 		/kje/
Wang
Li 		/kǐe/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/kie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gei1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 奇
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jī
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kje ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[k](r)aj/
English odd (number)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 奇
Reading # 1/2
No. 9973
Phonetic
component 		奇
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		羈
Old
Chinese 		/*kral/
Notes 說文從大可，戴侗從立可聲，
古踦字

Definitions

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奇

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) unsmooth; disadvantageous
  2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) surplus
  3. (mathematics) odd
    奇數／奇数  ―  jīshù  ―  odd number
  4. (Eastern Min, Southern Min) Classifier for a single object of a pair or a large collection, also used for certain objects that do not necessarily form a pair or collection.
    Alternative forms: (Hokkien, Teochew) 腳 / 脚, (Hokkien) 跤, (Hokkien) 卡
    蜀奇箸 [Eastern Min]  ―  siŏh-kiă dê̤ṳ / [suoʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ (kʰ-)ia⁵⁵ tøy²⁴²] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]  ―  a single chopstick
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of 隻 (“(classifier for shoes)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 隻
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 隻
Taiwan 隻
Chengde 隻
Chifeng 隻
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 隻
Heihe 隻
Qiqihar 隻
Harbin 隻
Jiamusi 隻
Baicheng 隻
Changchun 隻
Tonghua 隻
Shenyang 隻
Jinzhou 隻
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 隻
Tangshan 隻
Cangzhou 隻
Baoding 隻
Shijiazhuang 隻
Lijin 隻
Jinan 隻
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 隻
Dandong 隻
Yantai 隻
Qingdao 隻
Zhucheng 隻
Central Plains Mandarin Lingbao 隻
Jining 隻
Linfen 隻
Shangqiu 隻
Yuanyang 隻
Zhengzhou 隻
Xinyang 隻
Baihe 隻
Xi'an 隻
Baoji 隻
Tianshui 隻
Xining 隻
Xuzhou 隻
Fuyang 隻
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 隻
Lanzhou 隻
Dunhuang 隻
Hami 隻
Ürümqi 隻
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 隻
Nanchong 隻
Dazhou 隻
Hanyuan 隻
Xichang 隻
Zigong 隻
Chongqing 隻
Wuhan 隻
Yichang 隻
Xiangyang 隻
Tianmen 隻
Guiyang 隻
Zunyi 隻
Bijie 隻
Liping 隻
Zhaotong 隻
Dali 隻
Kunming 隻
Mengzi 隻
Guilin 隻
Jishou 隻
Changde 隻
Hanzhong 隻
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 隻
Yangzhou 隻
Lianyungang 隻
Lianshui 隻
Nantong 隻
Anqing 隻
Wuhu 隻
Hefei 隻
Hong'an 隻
Cantonese Hong Kong 隻
Huizhou Shexian 隻
Jin Taiyuan 隻
Yangyuan 隻
Datong 隻
Xinzhou 隻
Lüliang (Lishi) 隻
Changzhi 隻
Linhe 隻
Jining 隻
Hohhot 隻
Erenhot 隻
Pingshan 隻
Zhangjiakou 隻
Handan 隻
Linzhou 隻
Southern Min Xiamen 奇
Quanzhou 奇
Jinjiang 奇
Yongchun 奇
Zhangzhou 奇
Leizhou 奇
Dialectal synonyms of 根 (“(classifier for single chopsticks)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 根, 支
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 根
Taiwan 根
Chengde 根兒
Chifeng 根
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 根
Heihe 根
Qiqihar 根
Harbin 根兒
Jiamusi 根兒
Baicheng 根兒
Changchun 根兒
Tonghua 根兒
Shenyang 根兒
Jinzhou 根
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 根兒
Tangshan 根兒
Cangzhou 根
Baoding 根
Shijiazhuang 根
Lijin 根
Jinan 根兒
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 根兒
Dandong 根
Yantai 根
Qingdao 根兒
Zhucheng 根
Central Plains Mandarin Lingbao 根兒
Jining 根
Linfen 根
Shangqiu 根
Yuanyang 根
Baihe 根
Xi'an 根
Baoji 根
Tianshui 根
Xining 根
Xuzhou 根
Fuyang 根
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 根
Lanzhou 根
Dunhuang 根
Hami 根
Ürümqi 根
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 根
Nanchong 根
Dazhou 根
Hanyuan 根
Zigong 根
Chongqing 根
Wuhan 根
Yichang 根
Xiangyang 根
Tianmen 根
Guiyang 根
Zunyi 根
Bijie 支
Liping 根
Zhaotong 根
Dali 根
Kunming 根
Mengzi 根
Guilin 根
Liuzhou 根
Jishou 根
Changde 根
Hanzhong 根
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 根
Lianyungang 根
Lianshui 根
Anqing 根
Hefei 根
Hong'an 根
Cantonese Guangzhou 隻
Hong Kong 支, 隻
Hakka Changhua (Pitou; N. Sixian) 隻
Huizhou Jixi 隻
Jin Taiyuan 根
Yangyuan 根
Datong 根
Xinzhou 根
Lüliang (Lishi) 根
Changzhi 根
Linhe 根
Jining 根
Hohhot 根
Erenhot 根
Pingshan 根兒
Zhangjiakou 根兒
Handan 根
Linzhou 根
Suide 根
Eastern Min Fuzhou 奇
Southern Min Xiamen 奇
Quanzhou 奇
Yongchun 奇
Zhangzhou 奇, 叢
Singapore (Hokkien) 奇
Datian 奇
Jieyang 支
Leizhou 奇

Compounds

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Pronunciation 3

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Definitions

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奇

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 矮 (ǎi, “short”)

Pronunciation 4

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Definitions

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奇

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 倚 (yǐ, “to lean on”)

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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奇

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. strange

Readings

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From Middle Chinese 奇 (MC gje); compare Mandarin 奇 (qí):

  • Go-on: ぎ (gi)
  • Kan-on: き (ki, Jōyō)

From Middle Chinese 奇 (MC kje); compare Mandarin 奇 (jī):

From native Japanese roots:

Compounds

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See also

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
奇
き
Grade: S
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 奇 (MC gje).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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奇(き) • (ki) -na (adnominal 奇(き)な (ki na), adverbial 奇(き)に (ki ni))

  1. strange

Inflection

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Inflection of 奇
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 奇だろ きだろ ki daro
Continuative (連用形) 奇で きで ki de
Terminal (終止形) 奇だ きだ ki da
Attributive (連体形) 奇な きな ki na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 奇なら きなら ki nara
Imperative (命令形) 奇であれ きであれ ki de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 奇ではない
奇じゃない 		きではない
きじゃない 		ki de wa nai
ki ja nai
Informal past 奇だった きだった ki datta
Informal negative past 奇ではなかった
奇じゃなかった 		きではなかった
きじゃなかった 		ki de wa nakatta
ki ja nakatta
Formal 奇です きです ki desu
Formal negative 奇ではありません
奇じゃありません 		きではありません
きじゃありません 		ki de wa arimasen
ki ja arimasen
Formal past 奇でした きでした ki deshita
Formal negative past 奇ではありませんでした
奇じゃありませんでした 		きではありませんでした
きじゃありませんでした 		ki de wa arimasen deshita
ki ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 奇で きで ki de
Conditional 奇なら（ば） きなら（ば） ki nara (ba)
Provisional 奇だったら きだったら ki dattara
Volitional 奇だろう きだろう ki darō
Adverbial 奇に きに ki ni
Degree 奇さ きさ kisa
Classical conjugation of "奇なり" (ナリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 奇なら きなら kinara
Continuative (連用形) 奇に[1]
奇なり[2]		 きに
きなり		 kini
kinari
Terminal (終止形) 奇なり きなり kinari
Attributive (連体形) 奇なる きなる kinaru
Realis (已然形) 奇なれ きなれ kinare
Imperative (命令形) 奇なれ きなれ kinare
Key constructions
Negative 奇ならず きならず kinarazu
Contrasting conjunction 奇なれど きなれど kinaredo
Causal conjunction 奇なれば きなれば kinareba
Conditional conjunction 奇ならば きならば kinaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 奇なりき きなりき kinariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 奇なりけり きなりけり kinarikeri
Adverbial 奇に きに kini

[1]Without auxiliary verb.
[2]With auxiliary verb.

Noun

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奇(き) • (ki) 

  1. strangeness

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology 1

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Hanja

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奇 (eumhun 기이할 기 (giihal gi))

  1. hanja form? of 기 (“strange, unusual, uncanny, occult”)

Etymology 2

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Hanja

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奇 (eumhun 의지할 의 (uijihal ui))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Tày

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Adjective

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奇 (cả, kỳ)

  1. Nôm form of cả (“large; elegant”).
    字经史共都聀奇
    Dử kinh sử cụng đo chức cả
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  2. Nôm form of kỳ (“strange”).
    𱒰帝法奇兵变化
    Son đảy phép kỳ binh biến hoá
    Learned the magical power of summoning troops

Pronoun

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奇 (cá)

  1. Nôm form of cá (“you, someone presumably older than me”).
    把禿圤𦙟開許奇
    Pjá thúc khỏi te̱ khai hẩư cá
    If [paid] well, I will sell it to you

References

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  • Dương Nhật Thanh; Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003), Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎[2] (in Tày and Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học xã hội [Social Sciences Publishing House]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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奇: Hán Việt readings: kì[1][2][3][4][5]
奇: Nôm readings: cả[1][2][3][4], cơ[1][3][5]

  1. chữ Hán form of kì (“strange; odd”)
  2. chữ Nôm form of cả (“main; biggest; whole”)
  3. chữ Nôm form of cơ (“(historical, military) military unit consisting of 10 or 200–500 soldiers”)

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Hồ (1976).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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