箸

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箸 U+7BB8, 箸
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7BB8
← 箷
[U+7BB7] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 箹 →
[U+7BB9]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

箸 (radical 118, 竹+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹十大日 (HJKA), four-corner 88604, composition ⿱⺮者)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 891, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26224
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1318, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2979, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7BB8

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 箸
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script
箸-silk.svg 箸-seal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (者) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
觰 *rtaːʔ, *rtaː
諸 *tjaː, *tja
者 *tjaːʔ
堵 *tjaːʔ, *taːʔ
赭 *tjaːʔ
撦 *l̥ʰjaːʔ
扯 *tʰjaːʔ
闍 *djaː, *taː
奢 *hljaː
鍺 *toːlʔ
都 *taː
醏 *taː
覩 *taːʔ
睹 *taːʔ
暏 *taːʔ
賭 *taːʔ
帾 *taːʔ
楮 *taːʔ, *tʰaʔ
屠 *daː, *da
瘏 *daː
廜 *daː
鷵 *daː
緒 *ljaʔ
豬 *ta
猪 *ta
瀦 *ta
藸 *ta, *da
櫫 *ta
褚 *taʔ, *tʰaʔ
著 *taʔ, *tas, *da, *taɡ, *daɡ
箸 *tas, *das
儲 *da
躇 *da
櫧 *tja
藷 *tja, *djas
蠩 *tja
煮 *tjaʔ
渚 *tjaʔ
煑 *tjaʔ
陼 *tjaʔ
翥 *tjas
署 *djas
薯 *djas
曙 *djas
書 *hlja
暑 *hjaʔ
鐯 *taɡ
擆 *taɡ
櫡 *taɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tas, *das): semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ).

Etymology 1[edit]

simp. and trad.
 箸
alternative forms 櫡
筯
筷 Min

The Classical Chinese word for "chopsticks". It has been replaced by 筷子 (kuàizi) in many dialects for taboo reasons, avoiding homophony with 住 (zhù, “stopping”) in boatmen's language. Still used in almost all Min dialects and in sporadically in other topolects, especially in dialects that have some contact with Min.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • de7 - Chaozhou, Shantou;
  • du7 - Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai;
  • di7 - Shanwei.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    Rime
    Character 箸
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial (聲) 澄 (11)
    Final (韻) 魚 (22)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 遟倨切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɖɨʌH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɖiɔH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ȡiɔH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ɖɨə̆H/
    Li
    Rong         		/ȡiɔH/
    Wang
    Li         		/ȡĭoH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ȡʱi̯woH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		zhù
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 箸
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		zhù
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ drjoH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[d]<r>ak-s/
    English chopsticks

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 箸
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 16999
    Phonetic
    component         		者
    Rime
    group         		魚
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		箸
    Old
    Chinese         		/*das/

    Definitions[edit]

    箸

    1. (literary or regional) chopsticks (Classifier: 雙／双; 奇 md mn)
    2. (Min) chopstick-shaped object
      冰箸 [Min Dong]  ―  bĭng-*dê̤ṳ / [piŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ tøy²⁴²] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]  ―  ice lolly
    3. (literary or Southwestern Mandarin, Cantonese) Classifier for an amount of food held with a pair of chopsticks: chopstickful
      我夾箸麵畀你試下吖。 [Cantonese, trad.]
      我夹箸面畀你试下吖。 [Cantonese, simp.]
      Ngo5 gaap3 zyu6 min6 bei2 nei5 si3 haa5 aa1. [Jyutping]
      I'll get a chopstickful of noodles for you to try.

    Synonyms[edit]

    Dialectal synonyms of 筷子 (“chopsticks”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 箸, 梜
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 筷子
    Mandarin Beijing 筷子
    Taiwan 筷子
    Tianjin 筷子
    Harbin 筷子
    Shenyang 筷子
    Hailar 筷子
    Ulanhot 筷子
    Tongliao 筷子
    Chifeng 筷子
    Bayanhot 筷子
    Jinan 筷子
    Muping 筷子
    Luoyang 筷子
    Wanrong 筷子
    Xi'an 筷子
    Zhengzhou 筷子
    Xining 筷子, 箸兒
    Xuzhou 筷子
    Yinchuan 筷子
    Lanzhou 筷子
    Ürümqi 筷子
    Wuhan 筷子
    Huanggang 筷子
    Chengdu 筷子, 檺杆, 箸子
    Guiyang 筷子
    Guilin 筷子
    Liuzhou 筷子, 筷條
    Kunming 筷兒
    Yangzhou 筷子
    Nanjing 筷兒, 筷子
    Hefei 筷子
    Nantong 筷兒
    Malaysia 筷子
    Singapore 筷子
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 筷子
    Cantonese Guangzhou 筷子
    Hong Kong 筷子
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 筷子, 箸
    Foshan 筷子
    Shunde 筷子
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 筷子
    Doumen (Shangheng Tanka) 筷子
    Doumen 筷子
    Taishan 筷子
    Kaiping (Chikan) 筷
    Dongguan 筷子
    Shaoguan 筷子
    Yunfu 筷子
    Yangjiang 筷子
    Xinyi 筷, 筷箸
    Lianjiang 箸, 筷箸
    Nanning 筷子, 筷手
    Wuzhou 筷子
    Yulin 筷子
    Hepu 筷箸
    Danzhou 箸
    Kuala Lumpur 筷子
    Singapore 筷子
    Ho Chi Minh City 筷子
    Gan Nanchang 筷子
    Lichuan 箸
    Pingxiang 筷子
    Hakka Meixian 箸, 筷仔, 筷隻, 箸隻
    Luchuan 筷箸, 筷
    Changting 筷子
    Wuping 筷子
    Liancheng 箸隻, 筷子
    Ninghua 箸隻
    Yudu 筷子
    Shicheng 箸隻
    Shangyou 筷子
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 筷仔
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 筷仔
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 箸, 筷仔
    Dongshi (Dabu) 筷, 箸
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 箸
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 箸
    Hong Kong 筷子
    Sabah (Longchuan) 筷哩
    Senai 筷嫲
    Singkawang 筷
    Huizhou Jixi 筷
    Shexian 筷
    Tunxi 筷兒
    Xiuning 筷兒
    Yixian 筷兒
    Qimen 筷子
    Wuyuan 筷, 筷子
    Fuliang 筷子
    Dexing 筷子
    Jin Taiyuan 筷子
    Pingyao 筷子
    Xinzhou 筷子
    Baochang 筷子
    Jining 筷子
    Hohhot 筷子
    Baotou 筷子
    Dongsheng 筷子
    Linhe 筷子
    Haibowan 筷子
    Min Bei Jian'ou 箸
    Dikou 飯箸
    Songxi 箸
    Zhenghe 箸
    Zhenqian 概手
    Jianyang 箸
    Wuyishan 箸
    Shibei 箸
    Min Dong Fuzhou 箸
    Changle 箸
    Fuqing 箸
    Pingtan 箸
    Yongtai 箸
    Gutian 箸
    Fu'an 箸
    Ningde 籌, 箸
    Shouning 箸
    Zhouning 箸
    Fuding 飯箸
    Matsu 箸
    Min Nan Xiamen 箸, 箸奇, 箸雙, 奇箸
    Tong'an 箸
    Quanzhou 箸, 箸奇
    Jinjiang 箸
    Nan'an 箸
    Shishi 箸
    Hui'an 奇箸
    Anxi 箸
    Yongchun 箸
    Dehua 箸
    Zhangzhou 箸, 箸奇, 奇箸
    Longhai 箸
    Changtai 箸
    Hua'an 箸
    Nanjing 箸
    Pinghe 箸
    Zhangpu 箸
    Yunxiao 箸
    Zhao'an 箸
    Dongshan 箸
    Taipei 箸
    Kaohsiung 箸
    Tainan 箸
    Taichung 箸
    Wuqi 箸
    Hsinchu 箸
    Taitung 箸
    Lukang 箸
    Sanxia 箸
    Yilan 箸
    Kinmen 箸
    Magong 箸
    Penang (Hokkien) 箸
    Singapore (Hokkien) 箸
    Philippines (Manila Hokkien) 箸
    Longyan 箸雙, 箸
    Zhangping 箸雙
    Zhangping (Yongfu) 箸雙
    Datian 箸
    Pingnan (Shangdu) 筷子
    Chaozhou 箸
    Shantou 箸
    Jieyang 箸
    Haifeng 箸
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 箸
    Singapore (Teochew) 箸
    Wenchang 糜箸, 箸
    Qionghai 糜箸, 箸
    Haikou 糜箸, 箸
    Leizhou 糜箸, 箸
    Puxian Min Putian 箸
    Xianyou 箸
    Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 筷子
    Guilin (Dahe) 筷子
    Shehua Fu'an 飯箸
    Fuding 飯箸
    Luoyuan 飯箸
    Sanming 箸
    Shunchang 箸
    Hua'an 箸
    Guixi 箸
    Cangnan 飯箸
    Jingning 飯箸
    Lishui 飯箸
    Longyou 飯箸
    Chaozhou 箸
    Fengshun 箸
    Wu Shanghai 筷, 筷子
    Suzhou 筷兒, 筷
    Wuxi 筷子, 筷
    Hangzhou 筷兒, 筷子
    Wenzhou 箸
    Chongming 筷
    Danyang 筷
    Jinhua 箸, 筷子
    Ningbo 筷
    Xiang Changsha 筷子
    Shuangfeng 筷子
    Loudi 筷子
    Quanzhou 筷子

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 箸

    Descendants[edit]

    • → Bouyei: deh (“chopsticks”)
    • → Burmese: တူ (tu, “chopsticks”) (via Min Nan)
    • → Korean: 저 (箸, jeo) > 젓가락 (jeotgarak, “chopsticks”)
    • → Lao: ຖູ່ (thū) > ໄມ້ຖູ່ (mai thū, “chopsticks”)
    • → Lü: ᦏᦴᧈ (ṫhuu1) > ᦙᦺᧉᦏᦴᧈ (may2ṫhuu1, “chopsticks”)
    • → Vietnamese: đũa (“chopsticks”)
    • → Zhuang: dawh (“chopsticks”)

    Etymology 2[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of 箸 – see 著 (“to attach; to touch; to contact; etc.”).
    (This character, 箸, is a variant form of 著.)

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    箸

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. chopstick

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    箸
    はし
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi
    Wikipedia-logo.png
     箸 on Japanese Wikipedia

    From 嘴 (“beak”), or its source 端 (“tip”).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    箸(はし) • (hashi) 

    1. a chopstick

    See also[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
    2. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    3. ^ 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    箸 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    箸 (giạ, trứ, chước, đũa, trợ)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    References[edit]

    • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
    • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
    • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
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