書
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Translingual[edit]
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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Han character[edit]
書 (Kangxi radical 73, 曰+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 中土日 (LGA), four-corner 50601, composition ⿳𦘒一曰)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 502, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14294
- Dae Jaweon: page 874, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1509, character 9
- Unihan data for U+66F8
Chinese[edit]
| trad. | 書 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 书 | |
| alternative forms | 𦘠 | |
Glyph origin[edit]
| Historical forms of the character 書 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
|
|
|
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 觰 | *rtaːʔ, *rtaː |
| 諸 | *tjaː, *tja |
| 者 | *tjaːʔ |
| 堵 | *tjaːʔ, *taːʔ |
| 赭 | *tjaːʔ |
| 撦 | *l̥ʰjaːʔ |
| 扯 | *tʰjaːʔ |
| 闍 | *djaː, *taː |
| 奢 | *hljaː |
| 鍺 | *toːlʔ |
| 都 | *taː |
| 醏 | *taː |
| 覩 | *taːʔ |
| 睹 | *taːʔ |
| 暏 | *taːʔ |
| 賭 | *taːʔ |
| 帾 | *taːʔ |
| 楮 | *taːʔ, *tʰaʔ |
| 屠 | *daː, *da |
| 瘏 | *daː |
| 廜 | *daː |
| 鷵 | *daː |
| 緒 | *ljaʔ |
| 豬 | *ta |
| 猪 | *ta |
| 瀦 | *ta |
| 藸 | *ta, *da |
| 櫫 | *ta |
| 褚 | *taʔ, *tʰaʔ |
| 著 | *taʔ, *tas, *da, *taɡ, *daɡ |
| 箸 | *tas, *das |
| 儲 | *da |
| 躇 | *da |
| 櫧 | *tja |
| 藷 | *tja, *djas |
| 蠩 | *tja |
| 煮 | *tjaʔ |
| 渚 | *tjaʔ |
| 煑 | *tjaʔ |
| 陼 | *tjaʔ |
| 翥 | *tjas |
| 署 | *djas |
| 薯 | *djas |
| 曙 | *djas |
| 書 | *hlja |
| 暑 | *hjaʔ |
| 鐯 | *taɡ |
| 擆 | *taɡ |
| 櫡 | *taɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *hlja): semantic 聿 (“writing brush”) + phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ).
Etymology[edit]
Unknown (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
書
- book; codex (Classifier: 本; 冊／册; 部)
- letter; document
- form of a written or printed Chinese character; style of calligraphy; script; font
- (literary) Chinese character
- 項籍少時學書，不成，去；學劍，又不成。項梁怒之。籍曰：「書足以記姓名而已。劍一人敵，不足學，學萬人敵。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
- Xiàng Jí shàoshí xué shū, bùchéng, qù; xué jiàn, yòu bùchéng. Xiàng Liáng nù zhī. Jí yuē: “Shū zúyǐ jì xìngmíng éryǐ. Jiàn yī rén dí, bùzú xué, xué wàn rén dí.” [Pinyin]
- As a child, Xiang Yu tried to learn (to read and write) Chinese characters but failed and gave it up; then he tried to learn swordplay, but failed too. Xiang Liang was angry with him. Yu said, "Characters are useful for writing names only. Neither is swordplay worth learning as it can only stand up to one person. I want to learn something that can resist ten thousand people.
项籍少时学书，不成，去；学剑，又不成。项梁怒之。籍曰：“书足以记姓名而已。剑一人敌，不足学，学万人敌。” [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (literary) the art of calligraphy
- (historical) ancient government post in charge of secretarial duties
- (historical) imperial edict
- storytelling
- to write
- (Cantonese, education) teaching materials (Classifier: 課／课 c) (clarification of this definition is needed)
- Short for 書經／书经 (shūjīng, “the Classic of History”).
- a surname
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 書 (“book”) [map]
- (letter):
Synonyms of 書
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 書
Descendants[edit]
"Others":
References[edit]
- “書”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- “Entry #6098”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
書
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: しょ (sho, Jōyō)←しよ (syo, historical)
- Kan-on: しょ (sho, Jōyō)←しよ (syo, historical)
- Kun: かく (kaku, 書く, Jōyō); ふみ (fumi, 書)
Compounds[edit]
- 書順 (kakijun)
- 書初 (kakizome)
- 書院 (shoin)
- 書家 (shoka)
- 書架 (shoka)
- 書画 (shoga)
- 書簡 (shokan)
- 書記 (shoki)
- 書式 (shoshiki)
- 書写 (shosha)
- 書籍 (shoseki)
- 書体 (shotai)
- 書道 (shodō)
- 書法 (shohō)
- 書面 (shomen)
- 書物 (shomotsu)
- 書類 (shorui)
- 書棚 (shodana)
- 楷書 (kaisho)
- 教科書 (kyōkasho)
- 行書 (gyōsho)
- 原書 (gensho)
- 辞書 (jisho)
- 新書 (shinsho)
- 聖書 (seisho)
- 清書 (seisho)
- 誓書 (seisho)
- 正書法 (seishohō)
- 草書 (sōsho)
- 叢書 (sōsho)
- 縦書 (tategaki)
- 伝道の書 (Dendō no Sho, “Ecclesiastes”)
- 読書 (dokusho)
- 図書 (tosho)
- 図書館 (toshokan)
- 葉書 (hagaki)
- 秘書 (hisho)
- 文書 (bunsho)
- 洋書 (yōsho)
- 横書 (yokogaki)
- 落書 (rakugaki)
- 和書 (washo)
Etymology 1[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 書 |
| しょ Grade: 2 |
| on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 書 (syo, “writing”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 書 |
| ふみ Grade: 2 |
| irregular |
Alternative forms[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
References[edit]
Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Chinese 書 (MC ɕɨʌ). Recorded as Middle Korean 셔 (sye) (Yale: sye) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Compounds
- 각서 (覺書, gakseo)
- 낙서 (落書, nakseo)
- 독서 (讀書, dokseo)
- 문서 (文書, munseo)
- 백서 (白書, baekseo)
- 본서 (本書, bonseo)
- 비서 (秘書, biseo)
- 사서 (司書, saseo)
- 서기 (書記, seogi)
- 서당 (書堂, seodang)
- 서류 (書類, seoryu)
- 서면 (書面, seomyeon)
- 서방 (書房, seobang)
- 서신 (書信, seosin)
- 서예 (書藝, seoye)
- 서체 (書體, seoche)
- 서원 (書院, seowon)
- 서재 (書齋, seojae)
- 서적 (書籍, seojeok)
- 서평 (書評, seopyeong)
- 성서 (聖書, seongseo)
- 엽서 (葉書, yeopseo)
- 원서 (原書, wonseo)
- 유서 (遺書, yuseo)
- 저서 (著書, jeoseo)
- 서점 (書店, seojeom)
- 서재 (書齋, seojae)
- 도서 (圖書, doseo)
- 도서관 (圖書館, doseogwan)
- 전도서 (傳道書, ^jeondoseo, “Ecclesiastes”)
References[edit]
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
Okinawan[edit]
Kanji[edit]
書
Readings[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
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