敵

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See also: 敌
敵 U+6575, 敵
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6575
← 整
[U+6574] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 敶 →
[U+6576]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

敵 (radical 66, 攴+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 卜月人大 (YBOK), four-corner 08240, composition ⿰啇攵)

Derived characters[edit]

Related characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 474, character 48
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13354
  • Dae Jaweon: page 828, character 29
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1475, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+6575

Chinese[edit]

trad. 敵
simp. 敌

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (帝) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
膪 *rtaːɡs, *rteːɡs
揥 *tʰeds, *teː
腣 *teː, *teːɡs
諦 *teːɡs
偙 *teːɡs
渧 *teːɡs
帝 *teːɡs
楴 *tʰeːɡs
啼 *deː
蹄 *deː
締 *deː, *deːɡs
崹 *deː
鶙 *deː
禘 *deːɡs
啻 *hljeɡs
嫡 *rteɡ, *teːɡ
摘 *rteːɡ, *tʰeːɡ
謫 *rteːɡ
讁 *rteːɡ
擿 *deɡ
蹢 *deɡ, *teːɡ
適 *tjeɡ, *hljeɡ, *teːɡ
啇 *teːɡ
滴 *teːɡ
鏑 *teːɡ
甋 *teːɡ
樀 *teːɡ, *deːɡ
敵 *deːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *deːɡ): phonetic 啻 (OC *hljeɡs) + semantic 攴 (“to tap; to hit”).

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-taːy (“to retaliate; to grudge”). Cognate with Jingpho tai (tai³¹, “to avenge; to retaliate”) and Mizo tǎi (“to be at enmity with one another (intense); to have a grudge against”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 敵
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 錫 (127)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 徒歷切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/dek̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/dek̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/dɛk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/dɛjk̚/
Li
Rong 		/dek̚/
Wang
Li 		/diek̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/dʱiek̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		dí
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 敵
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		dí
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dek ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[d]ˁek/
English oppose; enemy

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 敵
Reading # 1/1
No. 2340
Phonetic
component 		帝
Rime
group 		錫
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		荻
Old
Chinese 		/*deːɡ/

Definitions[edit]

敵

  1. enemy; foe; rival
  2. hostile; antagonistic
  3. to resist

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 敵

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

敵

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Noun[edit]

敵(かたき) • (kataki) 

  1. an enemy
  2. rival

Alternative forms[edit]

Noun[edit]

敵(てき) • (teki) 

  1. an enemy
  2. an opponent; a competitor
    敵(てき)を倒(たお)す
    teki o taosu
    defeat an opponent
    • 1999 March 1, “とろける赤(あか)き影(かげ) [Melting Red Shadow]”, in BOOSTER 1, Konami:
      体(からだ)を溶(と)かして足(あし)もとの影(かげ)にもぐり、敵(てき)の真(ま)下(した)から攻(こう)撃(げき)する。
      Karada o tokashite ashimoto no kage ni moguri, teki no mashita kara kōgeki suru.
      It strikes its enemies directly from below as its melting body dives in the shadows under their feet.
    • 2003 September 22, Uraku, Akinobu, “第(だい)60(ろくじゅう)話(わ)　少(しょう)女(じょ)の決(けつ)意(い) [Chapter 60: A Girl’s Resolve]”, in 東(とう)京(きょう)アンダーグラウンド [Tokyo Underground], volume 11 (fiction), Square Enix, →ISBN, pages 24–25:
      敵(てき)であるオマエを信(しん)じろと言(い)うのか？
      Teki de aru omae o shinjiro to iu no ka?
      You’re my opponent. Why should I believe you?
      嘘(うそ)は言(い)ってねェ！信(しん)じてくれ
      Uso wa itte nē! Shinjite kure
      I’m telling the truth! Believe me

Compounds[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

敵 • (jeok) (hangeul 적, revised jeok, McCune–Reischauer chŏk, Yale cek)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

敵 (địch)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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