From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also:
U+672C, 本
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-672C

[U+672B]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+672D]

Translingual

[edit]
Stroke order

Han character

[edit]

(Kangxi radical 75, +1, 5 strokes, cangjie input 木一 (DM), four-corner 50230, composition )

Derived characters

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 509, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14421
  • Dae Jaweon: page 891, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1151, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+672C

Further reading

[edit]

Chinese

[edit]
simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogram (指事) : a tree ( ()) with its bottom highlighted with an extra stroke, accentuating the roots; contrast , .

Etymology

[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(b/p)ul (root; stump; tree) (STEDT). Cognate with Mizo bul (cause; beginning; root; stump), Jingpho phun (tree; bush; stalk; wood), Garo bol (tree).This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term. Schuessler 2007

Pronunciation

[edit]

Note:
  • běnr - “capital, principal; book; script; classifier for books, plays, films”.
Note:
  • Quanzhou, Jinjiang, and Taiwan:
    • pún - literary;
    • pńg - vernacular.
Note: beng2 - Jieyang.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /pən²¹⁴/
Harbin /pən²¹³/
Tianjin /pən¹³/
Jinan /pẽ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /pə̃⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /pən⁵³/
Xi'an /pẽ⁵³/
Xining /pə̃⁵³/
Yinchuan /pəŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /pə̃n⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /pɤŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /pən⁴²/
Chengdu /pən⁵³/
Guiyang /pen⁴²/
Kunming /pə̃⁵³/
Nanjing /pən²¹²/
Hefei /pən²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /pəŋ⁵³/
Pingyao /pəŋ⁵³/
Hohhot /pə̃ŋ⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /pəŋ³⁵/
Suzhou /pən⁵¹/
Hangzhou /pen⁵³/
Wenzhou /paŋ³⁵/
Hui Shexian /pʌ̃³⁵/
Tunxi /pɛ³¹/
Xiang Changsha /pən⁴¹/
Xiangtan /pən⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /pɨn²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /pun³¹/
Taoyuan /pun³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /pun³⁵/
Nanning /pun³⁵/
Hong Kong /pun³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /pun⁵³/
/pŋ̍⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /puoŋ³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /pɔŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /puŋ⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔbun²¹³/
/ʔbui²¹³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (1)
Final () (55)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter pwonX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/puənX/
Pan
Wuyun
/puonX/
Shao
Rongfen
/puənX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/pwənX/
Li
Rong
/puənX/
Wang
Li
/puənX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/puənX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
běn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
bun2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
běn
Middle
Chinese
‹ pwonX ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.pˁə[n]ʔ/
English tree trunk

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 473
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*pɯːnʔ/

Definitions

[edit]

  1. (of plants) root; stem
  2. source; origin; root
    努力工作成功 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
    Nǔlì gōngzuò shì chénggōng zhī běn. [Pinyin]
    Hard work is the ultimate source of success.
  3. foundation; basis
    謙遜美德 [MSC, trad.]
    谦逊美德 [MSC, simp.]
    Qiānxùn shì měidé zhī běn. [Pinyin]
    Humility is the foundation of all virtue.
  4. edition; version; copy
    標點标点  ―  biāodiǎn běn  ―  punctuated edition
      ―  sòng běn  ―  Song-era edition
  5. originally; initially
  6. current; present
      ―  běnnián  ―  current year
    財政全部投資預算用完 [MSC, trad.]
    财政全部投资预算用完 [MSC, simp.]
    Běn cáizhèng nián dù de quánbù tóuzī yùsuàn yǐ yòngwán. [Pinyin]
    We have already used up our total investment budget for the current fiscal year.
  7. this; here; this very
      ―  běnrén  ―  I [lit. this person]
    戲精戏精  ―  xìjīng běn jīng  ―  drama queen him/herself
    下面Y先生簽名 [MSC, trad.]
    下面Y先生签名 [MSC, simp.]
    Běn hán xiàmiàn suǒ shì xì Y xiānshēng de qiānmíng. [Pinyin]
    You will find the signature of Mr. Y. at the foot hereof.
  8. capital (money used in investment)
  9. Classifier for books, periodicals, files.all nouns using this classifier
      ―  běn shū  ―  a book
    雜誌杂志  ―  běn zázhì  ―  a magazine
    [Hokkien]  ―  chi̍t pún chheh [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  a book
  10. volume
  11. (Korean Classical Chinese) ancestral seat of a descent group

Synonyms

[edit]
  • (classifier):

Antonyms

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]
Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (ほん) (hon)
  • Okinawan: (ふん) (fun)
  • Korean: 본(本) (bon)
  • Vietnamese: bổn (), bản ()

Others:

Compounds

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

[edit]
  • Go-on: ほん (hon, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: ほん (hon, Jōyō)
  • Kun: もと (moto, , Jōyō)
  • Nanori: なり (nari)はじめ (hajime)もと (moto)

Compounds

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]
Kanji in this term
もと
Grade: 1
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

[edit]

Counter

[edit]

(もと) (-moto

  1. blades of grass and tree trunks
  2. falcons

Noun

[edit]

(もと) (moto (counter )

  1. Alternative form of

Etymology 2

[edit]
Kanji in this term
ほん
Grade: 1
on'yomi

Counter

[edit]

(ほん) (-hon

  1. long cylindrical things such as glasses of drink, pairs of jeans, pens or trains and buses
  2. films or TV shows
  3. home runs or goals
  4. rounds of a match in boxing, wrestling or judo
See also
[edit]
Japanese number-counter combinations for (ほん) (hon)
1 2 3 4 5
(いっ)(ぽん) (ippon) ()(ほん) (nihon) (さん)(ぼん) (sanbon) (よん)(ほん) (yonhon) ()(ほん) (gohon)
6 7 8 9 10
(ろっ)(ぽん) (roppon) (なな)(ほん) (nanahon)
(しち)(ほん) (shichihon)
(はっ)(ぽん) (happon)
(はち)(ほん) (hachihon)
(きゅう)(ほん) (kyūhon) (じゅっ)(ぽん) (juppon)
(じっ)(ぽん) (jippon)
100 1,000 10,000 How many?
(ひゃっ)(ぽん) (hyappon) (せん)(ぼん) (senbon) (いち)(まん)(ぼん) (ichimanbon) (なん)(ぼん) (nanbon)
(なん)(ほん) (nanhon)
(なん)(ぽん) (nanpon)

Noun

[edit]

(ほん) (hon (counter )

  1. a book
  2. a script; a scenario
  3. source; origin; root

Prefix

[edit]

(ほん) (hon-

  1. current, this, the matter in question
    (ほん)(たい)(かい)hontaikaithis event; today’s competition
  2. original, actual, base
    (ほん)山葵(わさび)honwasabireal wasabi (as opposed to horseradish or other substitutes)
    (ほん)(だい)(じん)hondaijinthe cabinet member (on whose behalf a proxy speaks)

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Middle Chinese (MC pwonX). Recorded as Middle Korean (pwon) (Yale: pwon) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Hanja

[edit]
Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 근본 (geunbon bon))

  1. hanja form? of (root; basis; foundation; stem)
  2. hanja form? of (source; origin)
  3. hanja form? of (main; primary; principal)
  4. hanja form? of (mind; nature; essence; true self)
  5. hanja form? of (ancestor; fatherland; hometown)
  6. hanja form? of (counter for books; book; publication)
  7. hanja form? of (model; version)
  8. hanja form? of (this; this very)
  9. hanja form? of ((finance) principal)

Compounds

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]

Okinawan

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

[edit]

Compounds

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]
Kanji in this term
むとぅ
Grade: 1
kun'yomi

Noun

[edit]

(むとぅ) (mutu (counter )

  1. Alternative form of

Etymology 2

[edit]
Kanji in this term
ふん
Grade: 1
on'yomi

Counter

[edit]

(ふん) (-fun

  1. long cylindrical things such as glasses of drink, pairs of jeans, pens or trains and buses
    くぬ()(ふの)(しん)(をぅー)りやっさん。
    Kunu nifunō shin-nu wūriyassan.
    The lead in these 2 is easy to break.
  2. films or TV shows
  3. home runs or goals
  4. rounds of a match in boxing, wrestling or judo

Old Japanese

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Middle Chinese (MC pwonX).

Phonogram

[edit]

(po1)

  1. Denotes phonographic syllable po1.
    • 711–712, Kojiki:
      那迦迩多知弖
      po1-naka ni tat-i-t-e
      ...stands in the middle of the fire...

Further reading

[edit]

Tày

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

(bản)

  1. Nôm form of bản (village).
    𱐍略押伴略𫶾
    Dú lược bản, cáp bạn lược cần
    If you want to live, choose a place; if you want to make friends, choose people
    眉官栈眉棟
    Bản mì quan, chàn mì toỏng
    Every village has a leader, every floor has pillars

References

[edit]
  • Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎[2] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

: Hán Việt readings: bổn ((bố)(thỗn)(thiết))[1][2][3][4], bản[1][5]
: Nôm readings: vốn[1][2][5][6][3][4][7], bộn[1][5][6][3][4][7], bổn[2][5][3][7], bủn[6][3][4][7], bốn[1][2][5], vỏn[5][6][3], bỏn[5][4][7], bản[1][2], vón[1], bọn[4]

  1. chữ Hán form of bản (basis; origin).
  2. chữ Hán form of bổn (basis; origin).
  3. Nôm form of bốn (four).
  4. Nôm form of vón (to clot).
  5. Nôm form of vốn (capital; bond; fund).

Compounds

[edit]

References

[edit]