務

See also: 务

Translingual

Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *moɡs): phonetic 敄 ‎(OC *moʔ, *mos) + semantic 力 ‎(“strength”)

Han character

務 (radical 19 力+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 弓竹竹水尸 (NHHES) or 弓竹人大尸 (NHOKS), four-corner 1822₇, composition ⿰矛务)

1. affairs, business
2. must, should

Derived characters

• 霧

References

• KangXi: page 148, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2394
• Dae Jaweon: page 334, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2765, character 9
• Unihan data for U+52D9

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Chinese

trad.		務
simp.		务

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): wù (wu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mou⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): vu
• Min Nan (POJ): bū

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: wù
    • Zhuyin: ㄨˋ
    • Wade-Giles: wu⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuh
    • IPA ^(key): /u⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: mou⁶
    • Yale: mouh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mou⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /mou̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vu
    • Hakka Romanization System: vu
    • Hagfa Pinyim: vu⁴
    • IPA: /vu⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bū
    • Tâi-lô: bū
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bu
    • IPA (Taipei): /bu³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /bu²²/

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• Middle Chinese: /mɨo^H/▼

Rime
Character	務
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	亡遇切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mɨoH/
Pan Wuyun	/mioH/
Shao Rongfen	/mioH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/muə̆H/
Li Rong	/mioH/
Wang Li	/mĭuH/
Bernard Karlgren	/mi̯uH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wù

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*m(r)o-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*moɡs/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	務
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wù
Middle Chinese	‹ mjuH ›
Old Chinese	/*m(r)o-s/
English	exert oneself
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	務
Reading #	1/1
No.	8849
Phonetic component	矛
Rime group	竇
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	務
Old Chinese	/*moɡs/

Definitions

務

1. business
2. service

   服務 / 服务  ―  fúwù  ―  service

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Japanese

Kanji

務

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Goon: む (mu)
• Kan’on: ぶ (bu)
• Kun: つとめる (tsutomeru), つとめ (tsutome)

Compounds

役務 (えきむ) ‎(ekimu) 外務員 (がいむいん) ‎(gaimuin) 外務省 (がいむしょう) ‎(gaimushō) 義務 (ぎむ) ‎(gimu) 教務 (きょうむ) ‎(kyōmu) 業務 (ぎょうむ) ‎(gyōmu) 勤務 (きんむ) ‎(kinmu) 公務 (こうむ) ‎(kōmu) 公務員 (こうむいん) ‎(kōmuin) 校務員 (こうむいん) ‎(kōmuin) 債務 (さいむ) ‎(saimu)

財務 (ざいむ) ‎(zaimu) 財務省 (ざいむしょう) ‎(zaimushō) 雑務 (ざつむ) ‎(zatsumu) 残務 (ざんむ) ‎(zanmu) 事務 (じむ) ‎(jimu) 実務 (じつむ) ‎(jitsumu) 職務 (しょくむ) ‎(shokumu) 庶務 (しょむ) ‎(shomu) 政務 (せいむ) ‎(seimu) 責務 (せきむ) ‎(sekimu) 総務 (そうむ) ‎(sōmu)

総務省 (そうむしょう) ‎(sōmushō) 担務 (たんむ) ‎(tanmu) 内務省 (ないむしょう) ‎(naimushō) 任務 (にんむ) ‎(ninmu) 服務 (ふくむ) ‎(fukumu) 法務 (ほうむ) ‎(hōmu) 用務 (ようむ) ‎(yōmu) 用務員 (ようむいん) ‎(yōmuin) 労務 (ろうむ) ‎(rōmu)

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Korean

Hanja

務 • ‎(mu) (hangeul 무, revised mu, McCune-Reischauer mu)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

務 (vụ, kiết)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.