fundamental
English[edit]
Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for “fundamental” in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.)
Alternative forms[edit]
- foundament (when used as a noun)
Etymology[edit]
From Late Latin fundamentālis, from Latin fundamentum (“foundation”), from fundō (“to lay the foundation (of something), to found”), from fundus (“bottom”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
fundamental (plural fundamentals)
- (usually in the plural) A leading or primary principle, rule, law, or article, which serves as the groundwork of a system; an essential part
- one of the fundamentals of linear algebra
- 1928, Roosevelt, Franklin D., The Happy Warrior Alfred E. Smith[1], Houghton Mifflin, OCLC 769015, OL 6719278M, page 28:
- Personal leadership is a fundamental of successful government.
- (physics) The lowest frequency of a periodic waveform.
- (music) The lowest partial of a complex tone.
Translations[edit]
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Adjective[edit]
fundamental (comparative more fundamental, superlative most fundamental)
- Pertaining to the foundation or basis; serving for the foundation.
- Essential, as an element, principle, or law; important; original; elementary.
- a fundamental truth; a fundamental axiom
- A need for belonging seems fundamental to humans.
- 2013 June 28, Joris Luyendijk, “Our banks are out of control”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 3, page 21:
- Seeing the British establishment struggle with the financial sector is like watching an alcoholic […]. Until 2008 there was denial over what finance had become. […] But the scandals kept coming, […]. A broad section of the political class now recognises the need for change but remains unable to see the necessity of a fundamental overhaul. Instead it offers fixes and patches.
Synonyms[edit]
- groundlaying
- See also Thesaurus:bare-bones
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
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Further reading[edit]
- “fundamental” in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- “fundamental” in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
Danish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
fundamental
Inflection[edit]
Inflection of fundamental | |||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | Comparative | Superlative | |
Common singular | fundamental | — | —2 |
Neuter singular | fundamentalt | — | —2 |
Plural | fundamentale | — | —2 |
Definite attributive1 | fundamentale | — | — |
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. 2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively. |
Synonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Galician[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Latin fundāmentālis.
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
fundamental m or f (plural fundamentais)
Further reading[edit]
- “fundamental” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
German[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Latin fundāmentālis; synchronically analyzable as Fundament + -al.
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
fundamental (strong nominative masculine singular fundamentaler, comparative fundamentaler, superlative am fundamentalsten)
- fundamental
- Synonym: grundlegend
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “fundamental” in Duden online
- “fundamental” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
Norwegian Bokmål[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Latin fundamentalis
Adjective[edit]
fundamental (masculine and feminine fundamental, neuter fundamentalt, definite singular and plural fundamentale)
Related terms[edit]
References[edit]
- “fundamental” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
- “fundamental” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Latin fundamentalis
Adjective[edit]
fundamental (masculine and feminine fundamental, neuter fundamentalt, definite singular and plural fundamentale)
Related terms[edit]
References[edit]
- “fundamental” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Portuguese[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Latin fundāmentālis.
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
fundamental m or f (plural fundamentais, comparable)
- fundamental; essential (pertaining to the basic part or notion of something)
Derived terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “fundamental” in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa.
- “fundamental” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
Romanian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From French fondamental, from Latin fundamentalis
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
fundamental m or n (feminine singular fundamentală, masculine plural fundamentali, feminine and neuter plural fundamentale)
Declension[edit]
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | neuter | feminine | masculine | neuter | feminine | ||
nominative/ accusative |
indefinite | fundamental | fundamentală | fundamentali | fundamentale | ||
definite | fundamentalul | fundamentala | fundamentalii | fundamentalele | |||
genitive/ dative |
indefinite | fundamental | fundamentale | fundamentali | fundamentale | ||
definite | fundamentalului | fundamentalei | fundamentalilor | fundamentalelor |
Related terms[edit]
References[edit]
- fundamental in DEX online - Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
Spanish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Latin fundāmentālis.
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
fundamental (plural fundamentales)
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “fundamental”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish[edit]
Adjective[edit]
fundamental (not comparable)
Declension[edit]
Inflection of fundamental | |||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative2 |
Common singular | fundamental | mer fundamental | mest fundamental |
Neuter singular | fundamentalt | mer fundamentalt | mest fundamentalt |
Plural | fundamentala | mer fundamentala | mest fundamentala |
Masculine plural3 | fundamentale | mer fundamentala | mest fundamentala |
Definite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
Masculine singular1 | fundamentale | mer fundamentale | mest fundamentale |
All | fundamentala | mer fundamentala | mest fundamentala |
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic |
References[edit]
- English terms borrowed from Late Latin
- English terms derived from Late Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English 4-syllable words
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- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
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- en:Physics
- en:Music
- English adjectives
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- Danish words suffixed with -al
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Danish lemmas
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- Galician terms derived from Latin
- Galician lemmas
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- German terms borrowed from Latin
- German terms derived from Latin
- German words suffixed with -al
- German 4-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- German lemmas
- German adjectives
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Latin
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
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- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Latin
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- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish 4-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
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