основа
Bulgarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *osnova.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]осно́ва • (osnóva) f
- foundation, basis
- (also mathematics, chemistry) base
- (linguistics) stem
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | осно́ва osnóva |
осно́ви osnóvi |
| definite | осно́вата osnóvata |
осно́вите osnóvite |
Derived terms
[edit]- осно́вен (osnóven), осно́вно (osnóvno)
- основа́вам impf (osnovávam), основа́ pf (osnová)
- основа́тел (osnovátel), основа́телка (osnovátelka)
- основа́телен (osnovátelen), основа́телно (osnovátelno), основа́телност (osnovátelnost)
Macedonian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *osnova.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]основа • (osnova) f (relational adjective основен)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | основа (osnova) | основи (osnovi) |
| definite unspecified | основата (osnovata) | основите (osnovite) |
| definite proximal | основава (osnovava) | основиве (osnovive) |
| definite distal | основана (osnovana) | основине (osnovine) |
| vocative | осново (osnovo) | основи (osnovi) |
Verb
[edit]основа • (osnova) third-singular present, impf or pf
- (transitive) to found, establish
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of основа (imperfective, present in -а)
| l-participles | imperfect | aorist | non-finite forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | основал | — | adjectival participle | основан | ||
| feminine | основала | — | adverbial participle | основајќи | ||
| neuter | основало | — | verbal noun | основање | ||
| plural | основале | — | perfect participle | основано | ||
| present | imperfect | aorist | imperative | |||
| 1st singular | основам | основав | — | — | ||
| 2nd singular | основаш | основаше | — | основај | ||
| 3rd singular | основа | основаше | — | — | ||
| 1st plural | основаме | основавме | — | — | ||
| 2nd plural | основате | основавте | — | основајте | ||
| 3rd plural | основаат | основаа | — | — | ||
| Compound tenses | ||||||
| perfect | сум основал | present of сум (except in the 3rd person) + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-perfect | имам основано | present of има + perfect participle | ||||
| pluperfect | бев основал | imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-pluperfect | имав основано | imperfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
| има-perfect reported | сум имал основано | perfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future | ќе основам | ќе + present | ||||
| има-future | ќе имам основано | future of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future in the past | ќе основав | ќе + imperfect | ||||
| има-future in the past | ќе имав основано | future in the past of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future reported | ќе сум основал | ќе + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-future reported | ќе сум имал основано | future reported of има + perfect participle | ||||
| conditional | би основал | би + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-conditional | би имал основано | conditional of има + perfect participle | ||||
Conjugation of основа (perfective, present in -а)
| l-participles | imperfect | aorist | non-finite forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | основал | основал | adjectival participle | основан | ||
| feminine | основала | основала | adverbial participle | — | ||
| neuter | основало | основало | verbal noun | — | ||
| plural | основале | основале | perfect participle | основано | ||
| present | imperfect | aorist | imperative | |||
| 1st singular | основам | основав | основав | — | ||
| 2nd singular | основаш | основаше | основа | основај | ||
| 3rd singular | основа | основаше | основа | — | ||
| 1st plural | основаме | основавме | основавме | — | ||
| 2nd plural | основате | основавте | основавте | основајте | ||
| 3rd plural | основаат | основаа | основаа | — | ||
| Compound tenses | ||||||
| perfect | сум основал | present of сум (except in the 3rd person) + aorist l-participle | ||||
| има-perfect | имам основано | present of има + perfect participle | ||||
| pluperfect | бев основал | imperfect of сум + aorist l-participle | ||||
| има-pluperfect | имав основано | imperfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
| има-perfect reported | сум имал основано | perfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future | ќе основам | ќе + present | ||||
| има-future | ќе имам основано | future of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future in the past | ќе основав | ќе + imperfect | ||||
| има-future in the past | ќе имав основано | future in the past of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future reported | ќе сум основал | ќе + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-future reported | ќе сум имал основано | future reported of има + perfect participle | ||||
| conditional | би основал | би + aorist l-participle | ||||
| има-conditional | би имал основано | conditional of има + perfect participle | ||||
Russian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old East Slavic основа (osnova), from Proto-Slavic *osnova.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]осно́ва • (osnóva) f inan (genitive осно́вы, nominative plural осно́вы, genitive plural осно́в)
- basis, foundation, base
- (in the plural) fundamentals, essential principles, ABC, basics, foundation
- (linguistics) stem
- (textile) warp
Declension
[edit]Declension of осно́ва (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-a)
Pre-reform declension of осно́ва (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-a)
Synonyms
[edit]- ба́за (báza), ба́зис (bázis), основа́ние (osnovánije), ядро́ (jadró), костя́к (kostják)
- азы́ (azý), начала (načala)
Related terms
[edit]- основа́ние (osnovánije)
- основно́й (osnovnój)
- осно́вывать (osnóvyvatʹ)
References
[edit]- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “основа”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *osnova.
Noun
[edit]о̏снова f (Latin spelling ȍsnova)
- basis, foundation
- (linguistics) stem (of a word)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | основа | основе |
| genitive | основе | основа |
| dative | основи | основама |
| accusative | основу | основе |
| vocative | осново | основе |
| locative | основи | основама |
| instrumental | основом | основама |
Further reading
[edit]- “основа”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
Ukrainian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old East Slavic основа (osnova), from Proto-Slavic *osnova.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]осно́ва • (osnóva) f inan (genitive осно́ви, nominative plural осно́ви, genitive plural осно́в, relational adjective основни́й)
- basis, base, foundation
- (chemistry) base
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | осно́ва osnóva |
осно́ви osnóvy |
| genitive | осно́ви osnóvy |
осно́в osnóv |
| dative | осно́ві osnóvi |
осно́вам osnóvam |
| accusative | осно́ву osnóvu |
осно́ви osnóvy |
| instrumental | осно́вою osnóvoju |
осно́вами osnóvamy |
| locative | осно́ві osnóvi |
осно́вах osnóvax |
| vocative | осно́во osnóvo |
осно́ви osnóvy |
References
[edit]- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “основа”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
Categories:
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bulgarian lemmas
- Bulgarian nouns
- Bulgarian feminine nouns
- bg:Mathematics
- bg:Chemistry
- bg:Linguistics
- bg:Linguistic morphology
- Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Macedonian 3-syllable words
- Macedonian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Macedonian proparoxytone terms
- Macedonian lemmas
- Macedonian nouns
- Macedonian feminine nouns
- Macedonian verbs
- Macedonian biaspectual verbs
- Macedonian imperfective verbs
- Macedonian perfective verbs
- Macedonian transitive verbs
- Macedonian verbs in -а
- Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Russian 3-syllable words
- Russian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Russian terms with audio pronunciation
- Russian lemmas
- Russian nouns
- Russian feminine nouns
- Russian inanimate nouns
- ru:Linguistics
- Russian hard-stem feminine-form nouns
- Russian hard-stem feminine-form accent-a nouns
- Russian nouns with accent pattern a
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns
- sh:Linguistics
- Ukrainian terms inherited from Old East Slavic
- Ukrainian terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Ukrainian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ukrainian terms with audio pronunciation
- Ukrainian lemmas
- Ukrainian nouns
- Ukrainian feminine nouns
- Ukrainian inanimate nouns
- uk:Chemistry
- Ukrainian hard feminine-form nouns
- Ukrainian hard feminine-form accent-a nouns
- Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern a