fundamentum

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-?

Proto-Indo-European *-mḗn

Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn

Proto-Indo-European *-nós

Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰnós

Proto-Indo-European *bʰundʰós

Proto-Italic *fundos

Latin fundus

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ājō

Proto-Italic *-āō

Latin -ō

Latin fundō

Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥

Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥tom

Proto-Italic *-mentom

Latin -mentum

Latin fundamentum

From fundō + -mentum.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [fʊn.daːˈmɛn.tũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [fun.daˈmɛn.tum]

Noun

fundāmentum n (genitive fundāmentī); second declension

1. foundation

   Synonym: fundāmen

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 1.427–428:

     hīc portūs aliī effodiunt; hīc alta theātrīs
     fundāmenta locant aliī [...].

     Here some [workers] are excavating a harbor; there others lay deep foundations for theaters [...].

2. beginning
3. basis

   Synonyms: basis, crepīdō

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

	singular	plural
nominative	fundāmentum	fundāmenta
genitive	fundāmentī	fundāmentōrum
dative	fundāmentō	fundāmentīs
accusative	fundāmentum	fundāmenta
ablative	fundāmentō	fundāmentīs
vocative	fundāmentum	fundāmenta

Derived terms

• fundāmentālis

Related terms

• fundāmen
• fundus

Descendants

• Catalan: fonament
• Old French: fondement, fundement
  • French: fondement
    • → Romanian: fundament
  • → Middle Dutch: fondament
    • Dutch: fundament (see there for further descendants)
  • → English: fundament, foundament (obsolete)
    • → Welsh: ffwndament
• Italian: fondamento
  • → English: fondamento
• Old Galician-Portuguese: fondamento
  • Galician: fundamento
  • Portuguese: fundamento
• Spanish: fundamento
• Bulgarian: фундамент (fundament)
• Danish: fundament
• Norwegian: fundament (Bokmål), fundament (Nynorsk)
• Old High German: fundament
  • Middle High German: fundament
    • German: Fundament
    • Luxembourgish: Fundament
• Old Irish: fundamint
  • Irish: fundaimint, fuaimint
• Polish: fundament
• Russian: фундамент (fundament)
• Serbo-Croatian: фундамент / fundament
• Swedish: fundament

References

• “fundamentum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “fundamentum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "fundamentum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “fundamentum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to lay the foundations: fundamenta iacere, agere