於

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See also: 于
於 U+65BC, 於
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-65BC
← 斻
[U+65BB]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 施 →
[U+65BD]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
於-order.gif

Han character[edit]

於 (radical 70 方+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜尸人卜 (YSOY), four-corner 08233, composition ⿰方仒)

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 481, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13628
  • Dae Jaweon: page 843, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2175, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+65BC

Chinese[edit]

trad. 於/于*
simp. 于*
alt. forms 扵
The preposition senses.
simp. and trad.
 於
alt. forms 扵
Other senses.

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 於
Western Zhou Warring States Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Transcribed ancient scripts
於-bronze.svg 於-silk.svg 於-bigseal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (於) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
閼 *qran, *qeːn, *qaːd, *qad
菸 *qeːn, *qas
於 *qaː, *qa
淤 *qa, *qas
箊 *qa
唹 *qa
扵 *qa
瘀 *qas
棜 *qas

From an ancient variant form of 烏. Not related to 方 or 㫃.

Note the other uses of 于 (yú), the simplified and variant traditional form of the preposition senses.

Etymology[edit]

Preposition
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔaj (“to go; directional particle”) (Schuessler, 2007). It has slowly merged with and replaced the older 于 (OC *ɢʷa) (ibid.).
Prefix in 於菟／於檡／於兔／於䖘
Variant of 阿 (OC *qaːl, “prefix in kinship terms and personal names”) (ibid.).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note: yū - surname sense in Mainland.
Note:
  • surname:
    • Xiamen - u;
    • Quanzhou - ir;
    • Zhangzhou - î.
Note:
  • i1/e1 - preposition;
  • u1 - surname.
Rime
Character 於
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 央居切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔɨʌ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔiɔ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔiɔ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔɨə̆/
Li
Rong		 /ʔiɔ/
Wang
Li		 /ĭo/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔi̯wo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yū
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 於
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yú
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ʔjo ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ʔ]a/
English at (locative preposition)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 於
Reading # 2/2
No. 15812
Phonetic
component		 於
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 於
Old
Chinese		 /*qa/

Definitions[edit]

於

  1. (indicates time or place) in; at; on
    • Synonyms: 在 (zài)
    • 生於1980年 / 生于1980年  ―  shēng yú 1980 nián  ―  born in 1980
  2. (indicates the object of an action) with; on
  3. (indicates beginning or source) from
  4. (indicates the agent of action) by
  5. (indicates comparison) than
  6. (used after a verb or adjective) with regard to
  7. A surname​.

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 於

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Rime
Character 於
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 模 (23)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 哀都切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔuo/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔuo/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔo/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔɔ/
Li
Rong		 /ʔo/
Wang
Li		 /u/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔuo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 wū
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 於
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 wū
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ʔu ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ʔ]ˤa/
English oh!

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 於
Reading # 1/2
No. 15810
Phonetic
component		 於
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 烏
Old
Chinese		 /*qaː/

Definitions[edit]

於

  1. Alternative form of 烏／乌 (wū, “crow; raven”).
  2. Alternative form of 烏／乌 (wū, “alas!; oh!”).
  3. Only used in 於菟／於檡／於兔／於䖘 (wūtú, “tiger”).

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 於

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

於

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

於 • (eo, o)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

於 (ư, ơ, ở, ưa, ô, ờ, ớ, thờ, ứ)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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