己
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Translingual[edit]
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Han character[edit]
己 (Kangxi radical 49, 己+0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 尸山 (SU), four-corner 17717, composition ⿳𠃍一乚)
- Kangxi radical #49, ⼰.
- Shuowen Jiezi radical №518
Derived characters[edit]
- Appendix:Chinese radical/己
- 𠯇, 圮, 妃, 𭒼, 屺, 忋, 𢩵, 𣲆, 𣅗, 杞, 𬉺, 玘, 𥐦, 䄫, 𬡆, 紀(纪), 記(记), 起, 𨊲, 配, 𨥈, 𮧷, 魢(鱾), 𩾩
- 邔, 妀, 改, 𣢇, 䪱, 𩾠, 𠮯, 㞯, 异, 忌, 𤆔, 岂, 芑, 𥫟, 䨽, 𩫻, 㽶, 𠃚
- 包 (Japanese form)
Descendants[edit]
- こ (Hiragana character derived from man'yōgana)
- コ (Katakana character derived from man'yōgana)
Further reading[edit]
- KangXi: page 326, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8742
- Dae Jaweon: page 630, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 983, character 5
- Unihan data for U+5DF1
Baekje[edit]
Noun[edit]
己 (*kɨ) (Nihon shoki 基 or 紀)
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- John Bentley (2000), “New Look at Paekche and Korean: Data from Nihon shoki”, in Language Research[1], volume 36, issue 2, Seoul National University, pages 417—443
- Alexander Vovin (2005), “Koguryo and Paekche: Different Languages or Dialects of Old Korean?”, in Journal of Inner and East Asian Studies, volume 2, issue 2, Koguryo Research Foundation, pages 108—140
- Alexander Vovin (2013), “From Koguryo to T'amna”, in Korean Linguistics[2], volume 15, issue 2, John Benjamins Publishing Company, pages 222—240
Chinese[edit]
simp. and trad. |
己 | |
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alternative forms | 𢀒 |
Glyph origin[edit]
Historical forms of the character 己 | ||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Pictogram (象形) – silk rope for binding objects. Original form of 紀 (OC *kɯʔ). The character must not be confused with 已 and 巳.
Etymology[edit]
Unknown (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
己
Coordinate terms[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: こ (ko, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
- Kun: おのれ (onore, 己, Jōyō); おの (ono, 己); おら (ora, 己); おれ (ore, 己); つちのと (tsuchinoto, 己)
- Nanori: おと (oto); な (na); み (mi)
Compounds[edit]
Usage notes[edit]
Used in the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE) as 借音 (shakuon) kana for ⟨i⟩, ⟨ko2⟩, and ⟨go2⟩.
Etymology 1[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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己 |
き Grade: 6 |
kan’on |
From Middle Chinese 己 (MC kɨX).
Pronunciation[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
- the sixth of the ten Heavenly Stems
- Hypernym: 十干 (Jikkan)
Derived terms[edit]
- 己巳 (Kishi)
Etymology 2[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
己 |
つちのと Grade: 6 |
kun’yomi |
Originally a compound of 土 (tsuchi, “earth”, one of the Chinese five elements) + の (no, possessive particle) + 弟 (oto, “younger brother”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
己 • (Tsuchinoto)
- the sixth of the ten Heavenly Stems
- Hypernym: 十干 (Jikkan)
Etymology 3[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
己 |
おのれ Grade: 6 |
kun’yomi |
From 己 (ono, reflexive or first-person pronoun, see below) + れ (re, “thing”, demonstrative nominalizer ending).
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
- reflexive pronoun: oneself
- first-person pronoun: I, me
- second-person pronoun: you (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
Derived terms[edit]
See also[edit]
a-/wa- “I, we” (first person) |
na-/-ma- “you, ye, thou” (second person) |
k- “this” (close to speaker) |
s- “that” (close to listener) |
a-/ka- “that over there” (far from both) |
i-/ta-/nani- “who, what, where, how, when” (interrogative) |
ono- “oneself” (reflexive) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | あ (a) あれ (are) わ (wa) われ (ware) まろ (maro) |
な (na) なれ (nare) なんぢ (nanji) まし (mashi) いまし (imashi) みまし (mimashi) きみ (kimi) |
こ (ko) これ (kore) |
そ (so) それ (sore) |
あ (a) あれ (are) か (ka) かれ (kare) |
た (ta) たれ (tare) なにがし (nanigashi) |
おの (ono) おのれ (onore) |
Thing | こ (ko) これ (kore) |
そ (so) それ (sore) |
あ (a) あれ (are) か (ka) かれ (kare) |
いづれ (izure) なに (nani) |
|||
Location | ここ (koko) | そこ (soko) | あしこ (ashiko) かしこ (kashiko) |
いづく (izuku) いづこ (izuko) いどこ (idoko) どこ (doko) |
|||
Direction | こち (kochi) こなた (konata) |
そち (sochi) そなた (sonata) |
あち (achi) あなた (anata) かなた (kanata) |
いづち (izuchi) いづら (izura) いづかた (izukata) |
|||
Manner | か (ka) かく (kaku) かくて (kakute) かう (kō) |
さ (sa) さて (sate) しか (shika) |
いか (ika) | ||||
Time | いつ (itsu) |
Adverb[edit]
Interjection[edit]
- An interjection expressing anger or chagrin
Etymology 4[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
己 |
おの Grade: 6 |
kun’yomi |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronoun[edit]
- reflexive pronoun: oneself
- first-person pronoun: I, me
Derived terms[edit]
See also[edit]
a-/wa- “I, we” (first person) |
na-/-ma- “you, ye, thou” (second person) |
k- “this” (close to speaker) |
s- “that” (close to listener) |
a-/ka- “that over there” (far from both) |
i-/ta-/nani- “who, what, where, how, when” (interrogative) |
ono- “oneself” (reflexive) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | あ (a) あれ (are) わ (wa) われ (ware) まろ (maro) |
な (na) なれ (nare) なんぢ (nanji) まし (mashi) いまし (imashi) みまし (mimashi) きみ (kimi) |
こ (ko) これ (kore) |
そ (so) それ (sore) |
あ (a) あれ (are) か (ka) かれ (kare) |
た (ta) たれ (tare) なにがし (nanigashi) |
おの (ono) おのれ (onore) |
Thing | こ (ko) これ (kore) |
そ (so) それ (sore) |
あ (a) あれ (are) か (ka) かれ (kare) |
いづれ (izure) なに (nani) |
|||
Location | ここ (koko) | そこ (soko) | あしこ (ashiko) かしこ (kashiko) |
いづく (izuku) いづこ (izuko) いどこ (idoko) どこ (doko) |
|||
Direction | こち (kochi) こなた (konata) |
そち (sochi) そなた (sonata) |
あち (achi) あなた (anata) かなた (kanata) |
いづち (izuchi) いづら (izura) いづかた (izukata) |
|||
Manner | か (ka) かく (kaku) かくて (kakute) かう (kō) |
さ (sa) さて (sate) しか (shika) |
いか (ika) | ||||
Time | いつ (itsu) |
Etymology 5[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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己 |
おれ Grade: 6 |
kun’yomi |
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
- Alternative spelling of 俺 (ore): first-person pronoun: I, me
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 6[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
己 |
おら Grade: 6 |
kun’yomi |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronoun[edit]
- first-person pronoun: I, me
Etymology 7[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
己 |
うぬ Grade: 6 |
Irregular |
Sound shift from ono (see above).[1]
Alternative forms[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Irregular reading)
- Pronunciation for pronoun senses unknown.
Pronoun[edit]
- second-person pronoun: you
- reflexive pronoun: oneself
- Synonym: 自分自身 (jibun-jishin)
Derived terms[edit]
- 己等 (unura)
Interjection[edit]
Etymology 8[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
己 |
うら Grade: 6 |
Irregular |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronoun[edit]
- first-person pronoun: I, me
Etymology 9[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
己 |
おどれ Grade: 6 |
Irregular |
Sound shift from onore (see above).[1]
Pronoun[edit]
- second-person pronoun: you
- Synonyms: 己 (unu), 貴様 (kisama)
References[edit]
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
己: Hán Nôm readings: kỷ, kỉ, kỳ
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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