己

See also: 已 and 巳

己 U+5DF1, 己 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5DF1 ← 巰 [U+5DF0] CJK Unified Ideographs 已 → [U+5DF2]

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han character

己 (radical 49 己+0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 尸山 (SU), four-corner 1771₇)

1. Kangxi radical #49, ⼰.

Derived glyphs

• Index:Chinese radical/己
• 包 (Japanese form)

Descendants

• こ
• コ

References

• KangXi: page 326, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8742
• Dae Jaweon: page 630, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 983, character 5
• Unihan data for U+5DF1

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		己

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 己
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bamboo and silk script	Large seal script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (己) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
改	klɯːʔ
跽	ɡrɯʔ
己	kɯʔ
紀	kɯʔ
妀	kɯʔ
記	kɯs
杞	kʰɯʔ
屺	kʰɯʔ
芑	kʰɯʔ
邔	kʰɯʔ, *ɡɯs
玘	kʰɯʔ
忌	ɡɯs
鵋	ɡɯs
誋	ɡɯs
梞	ɡɯs

Pictogram (象形) – silk rope for binding objects. Original form of 紀 (OC *kɯʔ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jǐ (ji³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gei²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kí
• Min Dong (BUC): gī
• Min Nan (POJ): kī / kí
• Wu (Wiktionary): ji (T2)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: jǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˇ
    • Wade-Giles: chih³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jii
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gei²
    • Yale: géi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gei²
    • Guangdong Romanization: géi²
    • IPA ^(key): /kei̯³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kí
    • Hakka Romanization System: gi`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gi³
    • IPA: /ki³¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gī
    • IPA ^(key): /ki³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kī / kí
    • Tâi-lô: kī / kí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ki, kie
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ki²²/, /ki⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ki⁴¹/, /ki⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ki²²/, /ki⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ki³³/, /ki⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki³³/, /ki⁴¹/

Note: kī - vernacular, kí - literary.

• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: ji (T2)
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /kɨ^X/▼

Rime
Character	己
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居里切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/kɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/kieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɨX/
Li Rong	/kiəX/
Wang Li	/kĭəX/
Bernard Karlgren	/kiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jǐ

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*k(r)əʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kɯʔ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	己	己
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jǐ	jǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ kiX ›	‹ kiX ›
Old Chinese	/*k(r)əʔ/	/*k(r)əʔ/
English	6th heavenly stem	self
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	己
Reading #	1/1
No.	5765
Phonetic component	己
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*kɯʔ/

Definitions

己

1. self; oneself
2. personal; private
3. the sixth of the ten heavenly stems

Coordinate terms

• (heavenly stems) 天干; 甲, 乙, 丙, 丁, 戊, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸

Compounds

Derived terms from 己

• 一己
• 一己之私
• 一己之見／一己之见
• 人一己百
• 人己一視／人己一视
• 人溺己溺
• 人飢己飢／人饥己饥
• 以己度人
• 修己
• 先人後己／先人后己
• 克己 (kèjǐ)
• 克己主義／克己主义
• 克己奉公 (kèjǐ fènggōng)
• 克己復禮／克己复礼
• 克盡己職／克尽己职
• 入己
• 切己
• 利人利己
• 利己 (lìjǐ)
• 利己主義／利己主义 (lìjǐzhǔyì)
• 利己妨人
• 占為己有／占为己有
• 反求諸己／反求诸己
• 叨在知己
• 各執己見／各执己见
• 各抒己見／各抒己见
• 各持己見／各持己见
• 嗇己奉公／啬己奉公
• 嚴於律己／严于律己
• 固執己見／固执己见 (gùzhí jǐjiàn)
• 天涯知己
• 奉公正己
• 威福由己
• 威福自己
• 孤行己意
• 孤行己見／孤行己见
• 安分守己 (ānfènshǒujǐ)
• 害人利己
• 害人害己
• 審己度人／审己度人
• 尊己卑人

• 小己
• 屈己待人 (qūjǐ dàirén)
• 屈己從人／屈己从人
• 己任 (jǐrèn)
• 己方
• 己飢己溺／己饥己溺
• 徇公忘己
• 徇國忘己／徇国忘己
• 律己 (lǜjǐ)
• 復禮克己／复礼克己
• 恃才矜己
• 恕己及人
• 恕己及物
• 恭己
• 恭己待人
• 愛人如己／爱人如己 (àirénrújǐ)
• 打擊異己／打击异己
• 打體己／打体己
• 捨己就人／舍己就人
• 捨己從人／舍己从人
• 捨己成人／舍己成人
• 捨己救人／舍己救人
• 捨己為人／舍己为人
• 捨己為公／舍己为公
• 排斥異己／排斥异己
• 推己及人
• 揚己露才／扬己露才
• 揣己
• 損人利己／损人利己 (sǔnrénlìjǐ)
• 損人安己／损人安己
• 損人益己／损人益己
• 損人肥己／损人肥己
• 損己利物／损己利物
• 據為己有／据为己有
• 昧己瞞心／昧己瞒心
• 枉己正人
• 梯己
• 正中己懷／正中己怀
• 正己守道
• 潔己／洁己

• 潔己奉公／洁己奉公
• 潔己愛人／洁己爱人
• 異己／异己 (yìjǐ)
• 瘠人肥己
• 瘠己肥人
• 直己 (zhíjǐ)
• 直抒己見／直抒己见
• 瞞心昧己／瞒心昧己
• 矜己任智
• 矜己自飾／矜己自饰
• 知己 (zhījǐ)
• 知己知彼
• 知己話／知己话
• 知彼知己
• 私己 (sījǐ)
• 立身行己
• 紅粉知己／红粉知己
• 罪己
• 罪己詔／罪己诏
• 自己 (zìjǐ)
• 自己人 (zìjǐrén)
• 舍己從人／舍己从人
• 舍己芸人
• 著己
• 虛己／虚己
• 虛己受人／虚己受人
• 行己有恥／行己有耻
• 行己有方
• 衒材揚己／衒材扬己
• 視如己出／视如己出
• 誅鋤異己／诛锄异己
• 貼己／贴己
• 身不由己 (shēnbùyóujǐ)
• 身己
• 逞己失眾／逞己失众
• 露才揚己／露才扬己
• 風塵知己／风尘知己
• 養家肥己／养家肥己
• 體己／体己 (tīji)
• 體己信兒／体己信儿

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Japanese

Kanji

己

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. I (male)

Readings

• Goon: き (ki, Jōyō)
• Kan’on: こ (ko, Jōyō)
• Kun: おのれ (onore, 己, Jōyō); つちのと (tsuchinoto, 己); おら (ora, 己)
• Nanori: み (mi)

Derived terms

• 己に克つ

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
己
き Grade: 6
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 己 (ki^X)

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Goon
  • (Tokyo) き​ [kíꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • IPA^(key): [kʲi]
• Homophones: 木, 樹, 生, 杵, 柝, 黄, 危, 忌, 奇, 季, 癸, 紀, 鬼, 基, 揆, 期, 簋

Proper noun

己 (hiragana き, rōmaji Ki)

1. the sixth of the ten Heavenly Stems

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
己
つちのと Grade: 6
kun’yomi

土 (Tsuchi, “Earth”, one of the Five Elements) +‎ の (no, attributive marker) +‎ 弟 (oto, “younger brother”)

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) つちの​と [tsùchínóꜜtò] (Nakadaka – [3])
  • IPA^(key): [t͡sɨ̥ᵝt͡ɕino̞to̞]

Proper noun

己 (hiragana つちのと, rōmaji Tsuchinoto)

1. the sixth of the ten Heavenly Stems

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Korean

Hanja

己 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune-Reischauer ki)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

己 (kỷ, kỉ, anh)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.