弟

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弟 U+5F1F, 弟
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F1F
← 弞
[U+5F1E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 张 →
[U+5F20]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

Stroke order
0 strokes

弟 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 金弓中竹 (CNLH), four-corner 80227, composition ⿹弚丿)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 357, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9737
  • Dae Jaweon: page 673, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 244, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+5F1F

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 弟
2nd round simp. ⿹兯丿
alternative forms 𠂖

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 弟
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (弟) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
梯 *tʰiːl
睇 *tʰiːl, *diːls
涕 *tʰiːlʔ, *tʰiːls
挮 *tʰiːlʔ
鬀 *tʰiːls, *diːls
剃 *tʰiːls
綈 *diːl
蕛 *diːl
稊 *diːl
苐 *diːl
鵜 *diːl
銻 *diːl
鮷 *diːl
罤 *diːl
弟 *diːlʔ, *diːls
娣 *diːlʔ, *diːls
悌 *diːlʔ, *diːls
第 *diːls

Ideogram (指事): a string wrapped around a bobbin, something young boys probably did.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note: hai4 - in 阿弟.
Note: thâi/tai1 - vernacular, in 老弟.
Note:
  • tī/tǐ - vernacular;
  • tē/tě - literary;
  • tî/ti/tih - limited, e.g 阿弟, 弟弟.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 弟 弟
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Initial (聲) 定 (7) 定 (7)
    Final (韻) 齊 (39) 齊 (39)
    Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open Open
    Division (等) IV IV
    Fanqie 徒禮切 特計切
    Baxter dejX dejH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/deiX/ /deiH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/deiX/ /deiH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/dɛiX/ /dɛiH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/dɛjX/ /dɛjH/
    Li
    Rong         		/deiX/ /deiH/
    Wang
    Li         		/dieiX/ /dieiH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/dʱieiX/ /dʱieiH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		dì dì
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		dai6 dai6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 弟
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		dì
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ dejX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*lˁəjʔ/
    English younger brother

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 弟 弟
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    No. 2294 2297
    Phonetic
    component         		弟 弟
    Rime
    group         		脂 脂
    Rime
    subdivision         		1 1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		弟 第
    Old
    Chinese         		/*diːlʔ/ /*diːls/
    Notes 甲金文象繩束弋（朱芳圃說），繞弋繩須次第不亂方利於射，
    爲第初文

    Definitions[edit]

    弟

    1. younger brother
    2. junior
    3. (humble) I; me
    4. Original form of 第 (dì, “sequence”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    • → Thai: ตี๋ (dtǐi, “younger brother”) (said by Chinese race)

    Synonyms[edit]

    • (younger brother):
    Dialectal synonyms of 弟弟 (“younger brother”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 弟
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 弟弟
    Mandarin Beijing 兄弟, 弟弟
    Taiwan 弟弟
    Harbin 兄弟, 弟弟
    Yantai (Muping) 兄兒, 兄弟
    Jinan 兄弟, 弟弟
    Luoyang 兄弟
    Wanrong 兄弟 male speaker, 弟子 female speaker
    Xi'an 兄弟
    Yinchuan 兄弟
    Xining 兄弟, 弟弟
    Ürümqi 弟弟, 兄弟, 富康子
    Wuhan 弟弟, 兄弟
    Chengdu 弟娃兒, 兄弟, 弟弟
    Guiyang 弟, 兄弟, 弟弟 childish
    Liuzhou 弟, 阿弟, 老弟
    Xuzhou 弟弟, 兄弟
    Yangzhou 兄弟, 弟弟
    Nanjing 弟弟, 兄弟
    Hefei 兄弟, 弟弟
    Nantong 弟子
    Malaysia 弟弟
    Singapore 弟弟
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 兄弟
    Cantonese Guangzhou 細佬, 弟弟
    Hong Kong 細佬, 弟弟
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 細佬
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 細佬
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 細佬
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 阿弟
    Macau 細佬
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 細佬
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 細佬
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 細佬
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 細佬
    Foshan 細佬
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 細佬
    Foshan (Shunde) 細佬
    Foshan (Sanshui) 細佬
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 細佬
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 細佬
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 細佬
    Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 細佬
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 細佬
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 細佬
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 細佬
    Taishan 細佬, 阿弟, 細, 弟
    Kaiping (Chikan) 阿弟, 細佬
    Enping (Niujiang) 阿弟
    Heshan (Yayao) 細佬
    Dongguan 細佬, 弟弟
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 細佬
    Shaoguan 細佬
    Yangjiang 小弟
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 細佬
    Singapore (Guangfu) 細佬
    Gan Nanchang 老弟, 兄弟
    Lichuan 弟
    Pingxiang 老弟
    Hakka Meixian 老弟, 老弟仔
    Xingning 老弟, 老弟里
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 老弟
    Huiyang 老弟
    Huidong (Daling) 老弟
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 老弟
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 老弟
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 老弟
    Wuhua (Shuizhai) 老弟
    Wuhua (Huacheng) 老弟
    Wuhua (Changbu) 老弟
    Wuhua (Mianyang) 老弟
    Wuhua (Meilin) 老弟
    Heyuan (Bendihua) 老弟
    Wengyuan 老弟
    Shaoguan (Qujiang) 老弟
    Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 老弟
    Liannan 老弟
    Conghua (Lütian) 弟弟
    Jiexi 老弟
    Luhe 老弟
    Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 阿弟
    Changting 老弟
    Wuping 老弟
    Wuping (Yanqian) 老弟子
    Wuping (Pingyu) 老弟子
    Liancheng 老弟
    Ninghua 老弟
    Yudu 老弟
    Ningdu 老弟
    Ruijin 老弟
    Shicheng 老弟
    Shangyou (Shexi) 老弟
    Tonggu (Sandu) 老弟
    Ganzhou (Panlong) 老弟
    Dayu 弟佬
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 老弟
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 老弟
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 老弟
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 老弟
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 老弟
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 阿弟
    Hong Kong 老弟
    Yangxi (Tangkou) 老弟
    Yangchun (Sanjia) 細佬
    Xinyi (Sihe) 老弟, 細佬
    Xinyi (Qianpai) 老弟, 細佬
    Gaozhou (Xindong) 老弟
    Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 老弟
    Huazhou (Xin'an) 老弟
    Lianjiang (Shijiao) 老弟
    Lianjiang (Qingping) 阿弟, 老弟
    Mengshan (Xihe) 老弟
    Luchuan 老弟
    Sabah (Bao'an) 老弟
    Sabah (Longchuan) 老弟
    Senai (Huiyang) 老弟
    Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 老弟
    Singkawang 阿弟, 老弟
    Huizhou Jixi 弟
    Jin Taiyuan 兄弟, 弟弟
    Xinzhou 兄弟
    Min Bei Jian'ou 弟仔
    Min Dong Fuzhou 依弟 face-to-face, 弟
    Min Nan Xiamen 小弟, 阿弟 face-to-face
    Quanzhou 小弟, 阿弟 face-to-face
    Zhangzhou 小弟, 阿弟 face-to-face
    Zhao'an 細弟仔, 細弟
    Kaohsiung 小弟
    Yilan 小弟
    Changhua (Lukang) 小弟
    Taichung 小弟
    Taichung (Wuqi) 小弟
    Tainan 小弟
    Taitung 小弟
    Hsinchu 小弟
    Penghu (Magong) 小弟
    Penang (Hokkien) 小弟, 阿棣
    Singapore (Hokkien) 小弟, 阿弟 face-to-face
    Manila (Hokkien) 小弟
    Chaozhou 阿弟
    Shantou 阿弟
    Jieyang 阿弟
    Haifeng 阿弟, 弟, 弟弟
    Bangkok (Teochew) 阿弟
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 阿弟
    Singapore (Teochew) 阿弟
    Leizhou 老弟
    Haikou 老弟 non-face-to-face, 阿弟 face-to-face
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 細佬, 弟弟
    Sanxiang 細佬
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 老弟
    Wu Shanghai 弟弟, 阿弟, 兄弟
    Shanghai (Chongming) 兄弟
    Suzhou 兄弟, 弟弟
    Danyang 弟子
    Hangzhou 阿弟, 弟弟
    Ningbo 阿弟, 弟弟 face-to-face
    Wenzhou 阿弟
    Jinhua 弟
    Xiang Changsha 老弟, 弟弟
    Loudi 老弟
    Shuangfeng 老弟, 弟弟

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    弟

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    弟
    おと
    Grade: 2
    kun’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of 弟 – see the following entry.
    【乙おと】S
    [noun] [from 712] (archaic) a younger sibling
    [noun] [from late 1500s] (archaic) the youngest sibling
    [noun] [from late 1500s] (archaic) clipping of 乙娘 (oto musume) a young woman
    [noun] [from late 1500s] (archaic, Noh theater) clipping of 乙御前 (oto goze): a stock character in 狂言 (kyōgen) comic interludes, played as a plump and clumsy but earnest young woman
    [prefix] applied to a noun denoting a person, or to a person's name:
    [prefix] next, younger, youngest
    [prefix] beautiful, beloved, cute, dear
    (This term, 弟, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Etymology 2[edit]

     弟 on Japanese Wikipedia
    弟 (otōto): the orange highlighting indicates the younger brother relative to all of the children to the left.
    Kanji in this term
    弟
    おとうと
    Grade: 2
    kun’yomi

    /otopito/ → /otoɸito/ → /otowito/ → /*otowuto/ → /otouto/ → /otoːto/

    Originally a compound of 弟 (oto, “younger sibling”) +‎ 人 (hito, “person”).[1][2]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    弟(おとうと) • (otōto) 

    1. one’s own younger brother
    2. a younger male

    (alternative reading hiragana おとっ, rōmaji oto')

    1. (Kagoshima) younger brother
    Usage notes[edit]

    Used when referring to one’s own younger brother. To refer to someone else’s younger brother, the suffixed form 弟さん (otōto-san) is used instead. When addressing one’s own younger brother, the given name is used, often with a suffix, such as 太郎君 (Tarō-kun). Contrast with addressing one’s own older brother, when one uses the honorific お兄さん (onīsan).

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    3. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 弟 (MC dejX).

    Historical readings

    Pronunciation[edit]

    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕe̞(ː)]
    • Phonetic hangul: [제(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    弟 (eumhun 아우 제 (au je))

    1. Hanja form? of 제 (“younger brother”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    弟: Hán Nôm readings: đệ, dễ

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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