兄弟

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Chinese[edit]

elder brother younger brother
simp. and trad.
(兄弟) 		兄 弟
anagram 弟兄

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note:
  • hiaⁿ-tī/hiaⁿ-tǐ - vernacular;
  • heng-tē/heng-tě - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: xiong1 di5
      • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /ɕɪ̯ʊŋ³³ ti²¹⁻¹¹/
      • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /ɕin³³ ti²¹⁻¹¹/
    • Rime
    Character 兄 弟 弟
    Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
    Initial (聲) 曉 (32) 定 (7) 定 (7)
    Final (韻) 庚 (112) 齊 (39) 齊 (39)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Closed Open Open
    Division (等) III IV IV
    Fanqie 許榮切 徒禮切 特計切
    Baxter xjwaeng dejX dejH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/hˠwiæŋ/ /deiX/ /deiH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/hʷᵚiaŋ/ /deiX/ /deiH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/xiuaŋ/ /dɛiX/ /dɛiH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/hwiajŋ/ /dɛjX/ /dɛjH/
    Li
    Rong         		/xiuɐŋ/ /deiX/ /deiH/
    Wang
    Li         		/xĭwɐŋ/ /dieiX/ /dieiH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/xi̯wɐŋ/ /dʱieiX/ /dʱieiH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		xiōng dì dì
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		hing1 dai6 dai6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 兄 弟
    Reading # 1/1 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		xiōng dì
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ xjwæng › ‹ dejX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*m̥raŋ/ /*lˁəjʔ/
    English elder brother younger brother

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 兄 弟 弟
    Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
    No. 13905 2294 2297
    Phonetic
    component         		兄 弟 弟
    Rime
    group         		陽 脂 脂
    Rime
    subdivision         		0 1 1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		兄 弟 第
    Old
    Chinese         		/*hmraŋ/ /*diːlʔ/ /*diːls/
    Notes 甲金文象張口呵喝之人，
    金文有往聲者    。疑初與孟同源     		甲金文象繩束弋（朱芳圃說），繞弋繩須次第不亂方利於射，
    爲第初文

    Noun[edit]

    兄弟

    1. (literal) brother
    2. (literal) brethren; brothers and sisters; siblings
    3. (figurative) brothers; close friends; good friends (Classifier: 位 m)
    4. gangster
    5. (Cantonese) groomsman
    Synonyms[edit]
    • (brother):
    Dialectal synonyms of 兄弟 (“brothers”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 兄弟, 手足, 昆仲, 昆季
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 兄弟
    Mandarin Beijing 哥兒, 弟兄
    Taiwan 兄弟
    Jinan 弟兄, 弟兄們, 兄弟
    Xi'an 弟兄
    Wuhan 弟兄, 兄弟
    Chengdu 弟兄
    Yangzhou 弟兄
    Hefei 弟兄, 兄弟
    Malaysia 兄弟
    Singapore 兄弟
    Cantonese Guangzhou 兄弟
    Hong Kong 兄弟
    Taishan 兄弟
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 兄弟
    Singapore (Guangfu) 兄弟
    Gan Nanchang 兄弟
    Hakka Meixian 兄弟
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 兄弟
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 兄弟
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 兄弟
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 兄弟
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 兄弟
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 兄弟
    Jin Taiyuan 弟兄, 兄弟
    Min Bei Jian'ou 兄弟
    Min Dong Fuzhou 兄弟, 兄弟哥
    Matsu 兄弟哥
    Min Nan Xiamen 兄弟
    Quanzhou 兄弟
    Zhangzhou 兄弟
    Taipei 兄弟
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 兄弟
    Kaohsiung 兄弟
    Yilan 兄弟
    Changhua (Lukang) 兄弟
    Taichung 兄弟仔
    Tainan 兄弟
    Hsinchu 兄弟仔
    Kinmen 兄弟
    Penghu (Magong) 兄弟
    Penang (Hokkien) 兄弟
    Singapore (Hokkien) 兄弟
    Manila (Hokkien) 兄弟, 兄弟仔
    Chaozhou 兄弟
    Shantou 兄弟
    Haifeng 兄弟
    Singapore (Teochew) 兄弟
    Wenchang 兄弟
    Singapore (Hainanese) 兄弟
    Wu Suzhou 弟兄
    Wenzhou 兄弟
    Xiang Changsha 弟兄, 兄弟
    Shuangfeng 弟兄, 兄弟
    • (groomsman): 伴郎 (bànláng)
    Antonyms[edit]
    Derived terms[edit]
    Descendants[edit]
    Sino-Xenic (兄弟):

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    兄弟

    1. (Mandarin, Gan, Jin, dialectal Wu, colloquial) younger brother
    2. (colloquial) my brother; bro (A term of address for a close friend of similar age or younger)
      兄弟，我今天請客。／兄弟，我今天请客。  ―  Xiōngdì, wǒ jīntiān qǐngkè.  ―  My brother, it's my treat today.
      兄弟，我今仔日請人。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
      兄弟，我今仔日请人。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
      Hiaⁿ-tī, góa kin-á-ji̍t chhiáⁿ-lâng. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
      My brother, it's my treat today.
    Synonyms[edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 弟弟 (“younger brother”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 弟
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 弟弟
    Mandarin Beijing 兄弟, 弟弟
    Taiwan 弟弟
    Harbin 兄弟, 弟弟
    Yantai (Muping) 兄兒, 兄弟
    Jinan 兄弟, 弟弟
    Luoyang 兄弟
    Wanrong 兄弟 male speaker, 弟子 female speaker
    Xi'an 兄弟
    Yinchuan 兄弟
    Xining 兄弟, 弟弟
    Ürümqi 弟弟, 兄弟, 富康子
    Wuhan 弟弟, 兄弟
    Chengdu 弟娃兒, 兄弟, 弟弟
    Guiyang 弟, 兄弟, 弟弟 childish
    Liuzhou 弟, 阿弟, 老弟
    Xuzhou 弟弟, 兄弟
    Yangzhou 兄弟, 弟弟
    Nanjing 弟弟, 兄弟
    Hefei 兄弟, 弟弟
    Nantong 弟子
    Malaysia 弟弟
    Singapore 弟弟
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 兄弟
    Cantonese Guangzhou 細佬, 弟弟
    Hong Kong 細佬, 弟弟
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 細佬
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 細佬
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 細佬
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 阿弟
    Macau 細佬
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 細佬
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 細佬
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 細佬
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 細佬
    Foshan 細佬
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 細佬
    Foshan (Shunde) 細佬
    Foshan (Sanshui) 細佬
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 細佬
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 細佬
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 細佬
    Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 細佬
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 細佬
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 細佬
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 細佬
    Taishan 細佬, 阿弟, 細, 弟
    Kaiping (Chikan) 阿弟, 細佬
    Enping (Niujiang) 阿弟
    Heshan (Yayao) 細佬
    Dongguan 細佬, 弟弟
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 細佬
    Shaoguan 細佬
    Yangjiang 小弟
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 細佬
    Singapore (Guangfu) 細佬
    Gan Nanchang 老弟, 兄弟
    Lichuan 弟
    Pingxiang 老弟
    Hakka Meixian 老弟, 老弟仔
    Xingning 老弟, 老弟里
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 老弟
    Huiyang 老弟
    Huidong (Daling) 老弟
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 老弟
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 老弟
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 老弟
    Wuhua (Shuizhai) 老弟
    Wuhua (Huacheng) 老弟
    Wuhua (Changbu) 老弟
    Wuhua (Mianyang) 老弟
    Wuhua (Meilin) 老弟
    Heyuan (Bendihua) 老弟
    Wengyuan 老弟
    Shaoguan (Qujiang) 老弟
    Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 老弟
    Liannan 老弟
    Conghua (Lütian) 弟弟
    Jiexi 老弟
    Luhe 老弟
    Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 阿弟
    Changting 老弟
    Wuping 老弟
    Wuping (Yanqian) 老弟子
    Wuping (Pingyu) 老弟子
    Liancheng 老弟
    Ninghua 老弟
    Yudu 老弟
    Ningdu 老弟
    Ruijin 老弟
    Shicheng 老弟
    Shangyou (Shexi) 老弟
    Tonggu (Sandu) 老弟
    Ganzhou (Panlong) 老弟
    Dayu 弟佬
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 老弟
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 老弟
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 老弟
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 老弟
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 老弟
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 阿弟
    Hong Kong 老弟
    Yangxi (Tangkou) 老弟
    Yangchun (Sanjia) 細佬
    Xinyi (Sihe) 老弟, 細佬
    Xinyi (Qianpai) 老弟, 細佬
    Gaozhou (Xindong) 老弟
    Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 老弟
    Huazhou (Xin'an) 老弟
    Lianjiang (Shijiao) 老弟
    Lianjiang (Qingping) 阿弟, 老弟
    Mengshan (Xihe) 老弟
    Luchuan 老弟
    Sabah (Bao'an) 老弟
    Sabah (Longchuan) 老弟
    Senai (Huiyang) 老弟
    Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 老弟
    Singkawang 阿弟, 老弟
    Huizhou Jixi 弟
    Jin Taiyuan 兄弟, 弟弟
    Xinzhou 兄弟
    Min Bei Jian'ou 弟仔
    Min Dong Fuzhou 依弟 face-to-face, 弟
    Min Nan Xiamen 小弟, 阿弟 face-to-face
    Quanzhou 小弟, 阿弟 face-to-face
    Zhangzhou 小弟, 阿弟 face-to-face
    Zhao'an 細弟仔, 細弟
    Kaohsiung 小弟
    Yilan 小弟
    Changhua (Lukang) 小弟
    Taichung 小弟
    Taichung (Wuqi) 小弟
    Tainan 小弟
    Taitung 小弟
    Hsinchu 小弟
    Penghu (Magong) 小弟
    Penang (Hokkien) 小弟, 阿棣
    Singapore (Hokkien) 小弟, 阿弟 face-to-face
    Manila (Hokkien) 小弟
    Chaozhou 阿弟
    Shantou 阿弟
    Jieyang 阿弟
    Haifeng 阿弟, 弟, 弟弟
    Bangkok (Teochew) 阿弟
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 阿弟
    Singapore (Teochew) 阿弟
    Leizhou 老弟
    Haikou 老弟 non-face-to-face, 阿弟 face-to-face
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 細佬, 弟弟
    Sanxiang 細佬
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 老弟
    Wu Shanghai 弟弟, 阿弟, 兄弟
    Shanghai (Chongming) 兄弟
    Suzhou 兄弟, 弟弟
    Danyang 弟子
    Hangzhou 阿弟, 弟弟
    Ningbo 阿弟, 弟弟 face-to-face
    Wenzhou 阿弟
    Jinhua 弟
    Xiang Changsha 老弟, 弟弟
    Loudi 老弟
    Shuangfeng 老弟, 弟弟

    Pronoun[edit]

    兄弟

    1. A humble term of self-address used by a man to people of the same generation.

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    兄 弟
    けい
    Grade: 2     		てい
    Grade: 2
    kan’on
    Kanji in this term
    兄 弟
    きょう
    Grade: 2     		だい
    Grade: 2
    goon
     兄弟 on Japanese Wikipedia

    Alternative forms[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From 兄 (kyō, “elder brother”, Go-on) +‎ 弟 (dai, “younger brother”, Go-on), from Chinese 兄弟.

    Alternatively, from 兄 (kei, “elder brother”) (Kan-on) +‎ 弟 (tei, “younger brother”) (Kan-on), from Chinese 兄弟. Compare 兄妹 (keimai, “elder brother and younger sister”), 姉弟 (shitei, “elder sister and younger brother”), and 姉妹 (shimai, “elder and younger sisters”).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    兄(きょう)弟(だい) • (kyōdai) ←きやうだい (kyaudai)? (alternative reading hiragana けいてい, rōmaji keitei)

    1. brothers
      だんご三(さん)兄(きょう)弟(だい)
      dango san kyōdai
      Dango three brothers
    2. (by extension) siblings in general
      男(おとこ)兄(きょう)弟(だい)
      otoko kyōdai
      brothers
      女(おんな)兄(きょう)弟(だい)
      onna kyōdai
      sisters
    3. (by extension) brothers and sisters; brethren (brotherhood; fellowship)

    Usage notes[edit]

    • Note that the alternative forms listed above are used to be specific to the kinds of siblings.
    • For the general "siblings" sense, hiragana may be used instead of kanji.
    • The alternative spellings are only utilised for the siblings sense and may only be used with the pronunciation kyōdai

    Hypernyms[edit]

    Coordinate terms[edit]

    See also[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja in this term
    兄弟

    Noun[edit]

    兄弟 • (hyeongje) (hangeul 형제)

    1. Hanja form? of 형제 (“brother, brothers, sibling”).

    Kunigami[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    兄 弟
    ちょー
    Grade: 2     		れー
    Grade: 2

    Etymology[edit]

    Cognate to Japanese 兄弟 (kyōdai).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    兄(ちょー)弟(れー) (chōrē) 

    1. siblings; brothers and sisters

    Okinawan[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    兄 弟
    ちょー
    Grade: 2     		でー
    Grade: 2

    Etymology[edit]

    Cognate with Japanese 兄弟 (kyōdai).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    兄(ちょー)弟(でー) (chōdē) 

    1. siblings; brothers and sisters

    Vietnamese[edit]

    chữ Hán Nôm in this term
    兄弟

    Noun[edit]

    兄弟

    1. chữ Hán form of huynh đệ (“brothers”).
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