第

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See also: 笫 and 笰
第 U+7B2C, 第
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7B2C
← 笫
[U+7B2B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 笭 →
[U+7B2D]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
11 strokes

Han character[edit]

第 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹弓中竹 (HNLH), four-corner 88227, composition ⿱⺮𢎨)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 881, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25943
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1308, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2959, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+7B2C

Chinese[edit]

trad. 第
simp. # 第

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (弟) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
梯 *tʰiːl
睇 *tʰiːl, *diːls
涕 *tʰiːlʔ, *tʰiːls
挮 *tʰiːlʔ
鬀 *tʰiːls, *diːls
剃 *tʰiːls
綈 *diːl
蕛 *diːl
稊 *diːl
苐 *diːl
鵜 *diːl
銻 *diːl
鮷 *diːl
罤 *diːl
弟 *diːlʔ, *diːls
娣 *diːlʔ, *diːls
悌 *diːlʔ, *diːls
第 *diːls

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *diːls): semantic ⺮ (“bamboo”) + phonetic 弟 (OC *diːlʔ, *diːls).

竹 here refers to the bamboo strips used for writing (e.g. accounting, classification) in ancient times. See also 等.

Etymology 1[edit]

Karlgren (1956: 14) connects this word with → tī 梯 ‘ladder’.

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 第
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 特計切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/deiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/deiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/dɛiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/dɛjH/
Li
Rong 		/deiH/
Wang
Li 		/dieiH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/dʱieiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		dì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		dai6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 第
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		dì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dejH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[l]ˁəjʔ-s/
English sequence

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 第
Reading # 1/1
No. 2298
Phonetic
component 		弟
Rime
group 		脂
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		第
Old
Chinese 		/*diːls/
Notes 弟轉註字見左傳

Definitions[edit]

第

  1. sequence; number
  2. grade; degree
  3. (historical) rank in the imperial examinations
  4. Ordinal number marker, used before a number to make the number ordinal.
    第二  ―  dì'èr  ―  second
    第十  ―  dìshí  ―  tenth
    安全第一  ―  ānquán dìyī  ―  safety first
  5. A surname​.

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 第

Etymology 2[edit]

Contraction of 第二 (dai6 ji6, “second”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

第

  1. (Cantonese) different; another; other
Compounds[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Contraction of 第一 (tē-it, “first”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

第

  1. (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) most
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 最 (“most”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 最, 至
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 最
Mandarin Beijing 最, 頂
Taiwan 最
Jinan 最, 頂
Xi'an 最
Wuhan 頂
Chengdu 最, 第一
Guilin 最
Yangzhou 頂, 最
Hefei 頂, 最
Malaysia 最
Singapore 最
Cantonese Guangzhou 最, 至
Hong Kong 最, 至
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 最
Taishan 最, 至
Yangjiang 至
Hepu (Lianzhou) 最
Hepu (Shatian) 最
Beihai 最
Beihai (Nankang) 最
Beihai (Yingpan) 最
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 最
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 最
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 最
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 最
Singapore (Guangfu) 最
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 最
Móng Cái 最
Gan Nanchang 頂
Hakka Meixian 最, 第一
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 盡, 最
Pingtung (Neipu, S. Sixian) 最, 盡
Hsinchu County (Zhudong, Hailu) 最
Taichung (Dongshi, Dabu) 盡, 最
Hsinchu County (Qionglin, Raoping) 最
Yunlin (Lunbei, Zhao'an) 頭
Hong Kong 最
Jin Taiyuan 頂
Min Bei Jian'ou 頂, 最, 第一
Min Dong Fuzhou 第一, 最
Matsu 第一
Min Nan Xiamen 第一, 第, 一, 上
Quanzhou 第一, 第, 上
Jinjiang 上
Zhangzhou 第一, 上
Zhao'an 上
Dongshan 上
Taipei 上
Kaohsiung 上
Yilan 上
Changhua (Lukang) 上
Taichung 上
Tainan 上
Hsinchu 上
Kinmen 上
Penang (Hokkien) 第一
Singapore (Hokkien) 上
Manila (Hokkien) 第, 上
Chaozhou 上頂, 上
Shantou 上, 最
Shantou (Chaoyang) 一
Jieyang 上, 上頂
Singapore (Teochew) 上
Pontianak (Teochew) 上
Wenchang 最
Qionghai 最
Wu Shanghai 最, 最最, 頂
Suzhou 頂, 最
Ningbo 頂, 頂頂
Wenzhou 頂, 最
Xiang Changsha 頂, 最
Shuangfeng 頂, 最

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic (第):
  • → Japanese: 第(だい) (dai)
  • → Korean: 제 (第, je)
  • → Vietnamese: đệ (第)

Others:

Further reading[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

第

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Prefix[edit]

Kanji in this term
第
だい
Grade: 3
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
㐧 (ryakuji)

第(だい) • (dai-) 

  1. ordinal marker, often with affix 号
    第(だい)２号(にごう)
    dai-ni gō
    The 2nd
    第(だい)１３話(じゅうさんわ)
    dai-jūsan wa
    Chapter 13

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 第 (MC deiH).

Historical readings

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕe̞(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [제(ː)]
    • Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

第 (eumhun 차례(次例) 제 (charye je))

  1. Hanja form? of 제 (“turn; sequence”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

第: Hán Nôm readings: đệ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Derived terms[edit]

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