最

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最 U+6700, 最
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6700
← 替
[U+66FF] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 朁 →
[U+6701]
最 U+2F8D4, 最
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8D4
← 冕
[U+2F8D3] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 暜 →
[U+2F8D5]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

最 (radical 72, 日+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 日尸十水 (ASJE), four-corner 60147, composition ⿱⺜取 (CJKVHT))

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 503, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14301
  • Dae Jaweon: page 877, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1516, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+6700

Chinese[edit]

trad. 最
simp. # 最
alternative forms 冣
㝡
𥦡
𣤜

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 最
Shang Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Qin slip script Small seal script
㝡-oracle.svg 最-slip.svg 最-seal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (取) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
陬 *ʔsloː, *ʔsru, *ʔslo
棷 *ʔsloː, *sʰloːʔ, *sloːʔ, *ʔsru
掫 *ʔsloː, *ʔsruʔ, *ʔslo
緅 *ʔsloː, *ʔsru, *slos
趣 *sʰloːʔ, *sʰlos
取 *sʰloːʔ, *sʰloʔ
鯫 *zloː, *zloːʔ, *sʰlo
棸 *rlu, *rluʔ, *ʔsru
鄹 *ʔsru, *zloʔ, *ljoːnʔ
郰 *ʔsru
齱 *ʔsru, *sʰroːɡ
菆 *ʔsru, *sʰros, *zloːn
箃 *ʔsru
黀 *ʔsru
驟 *zrus
最 *zloːds
襊 *sʰoːds, *sʰoːd
蕞 *zoːds
嘬 *sʰroːds
諏 *ʔslo
娵 *ʔslo
娶 *sʰloʔ, *sʰlos, *slo
聚 *zloʔ, *zlos
埾 *zlos
藂 *zloːŋ
叢 *zloːŋ
繓 *ʔsoːd
撮 *ʔsoːd, *sʰoːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *zloːds): semantic 冃 + phonetic 取 (OC *sʰloːʔ, *sʰloʔ).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 最
Mandarin Beijing /t͡suei⁵¹/
Harbin /t͡suei⁵³/
Tianjin /t͡suei⁵³/
Jinan /t͡suei²¹/
Qingdao /t͡sue²¹³/
Zhengzhou /t͡suei³¹²/
Xi'an /t͡suei⁴⁴/
Xining /t͡suɨ²¹³/
Yinchuan /t͡suei¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡suei¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡suei²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡sei³⁵/
Chengdu /t͡suei¹³/
Guiyang /t͡suei²¹³/
Kunming /t͡suei²¹²/
Nanjing /t͡suəi⁴⁴/
Hefei /t͡se⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡suei⁴⁵/
Pingyao /t͡suei³⁵/
Hohhot /t͡suei⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /t͡se³⁵/
Suzhou /t͡se̞⁵¹³/
Hangzhou /t͡sz̩ʷei⁴⁴⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡sai⁴²/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕye³²⁴/
Tunxi /t͡sə⁴²/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sei⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /t͡səi⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sui⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sui⁵³/
Taoyuan /t͡sui⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡søy³³/
Nanning /t͡sui³³/
Hong Kong /t͡søy³³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡sue²¹/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡sɔy²¹²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡suɛ⁴²/
Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sue²¹³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /t͡sui³⁵/
Rime
Character 最
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 泰 (26)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 祖外切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡suɑiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡sʷɑiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡suɑiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡swajH/
Li
Rong 		/t͡suɑiH/
Wang
Li 		/t͡suɑiH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡suɑiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zuì
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 最
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zuì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tswajH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ts]ˁot-s/
English collect; most

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 最
Reading # 1/1
No. 10645
Phonetic
component 		取
Rime
group 		祭
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		最
Old
Chinese 		/*zloːds/

Definitions[edit]

最

  1. most; -est
    最佳  ―  zuìjiā  ―  optimal
  2. the most ... thing; the best
    世界之最  ―  shìjiè zhī zuì  ―  world records

Synonyms[edit]

Dialectal synonyms of 最 (“most”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 最, 至
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 最
Mandarin Beijing 最, 頂
Taiwan 最
Jinan 最, 頂
Xi'an 最
Wuhan 頂
Chengdu 最, 第一
Yangzhou 頂, 最
Hefei 頂, 最
Malaysia 最
Singapore 最
Cantonese Guangzhou 最, 至
Hong Kong 最, 至
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 最
Taishan 最, 至
Yangjiang 至
Kuala Lumpur 最
Singapore 最
Gan Nanchang 頂
Hakka Meixian 最, 第一
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 盡, 最
Liudui (S. Sixian) 最, 盡
Hsinchu (Hailu) 最
Dongshi (Dabu) 盡, 最
Hsinchu (Raoping) 最
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 頭
Hong Kong 最
Jin Taiyuan 頂
Min Bei Jian'ou 頂, 最, 第一
Min Dong Fuzhou 第一, 最
Matsu 第一
Min Nan Xiamen 第一, 第, 一, 上
Quanzhou 第一, 第, 上
Zhangzhou 第一, 上
Taipei 上
Kaohsiung 上
Tainan 上
Taichung 上
Hsinchu 上
Lukang 上
Yilan 上
Kinmen 上
Penang (Hokkien) 第一
Singapore (Hokkien) 上
Philippines (Manila Hokkien) 第, 最
Chaozhou 上頂, 上
Shantou 上, 最
Singapore (Teochew) 上
Wu Shanghai 最, 最最, 頂
Suzhou 頂, 最
Wenzhou 頂, 最
Xiang Changsha 頂, 最
Shuangfeng 頂, 最

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

最

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds of 最
Common
Uncommon
Names derived from 最
Family names
Female given names[1]

Etymology 1[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

最(かなめ) • (Kaname) 

  1. A male given name [2]

Etymology 2[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

最(さい) • (Sai) 

  1. A female given name

Prefix[edit]

最(さい) • (sai-) 

  1. most, greatest

References[edit]

  1. ^ 女の子の名前辞書 - Name Catalogue (Girls only), Retrieved 6 May 2013
  2. ^ 赤ちゃんの名前 好感度調査 - Baby Name Catalogue, Retrieved 6 May 2013

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

最 (eum 최 (choe))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

最: Hán Nôm readings: tối, tíu, tụi, tếu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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