-est
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English
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (UK, US) enPR: ĭst, IPA(key): /ɪst/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - (General Australian) enPR: əst, IPA(key): /əst/
Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle English -est, from Old English -st, -est, from Proto-Germanic *-istaz, *-ōstaz, related to comparative -er. Cognate of Afrikaans -ste, Dutch -st, German -(e)st, Danish -(e)st, Swedish -(a)st.
Suffix
[edit]-est
- Used to form the superlative of adjectives and adverbs.
- longest, biggest, fastest
Usage notes
[edit]- See -er for notes on the usage of this suffix to form superlatives.
- Occasionally, the -est suffix is added to a verbal adjective as a substitute for most. An example is winningest.
Coordinate terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]superlative of adjectives and adverbs
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Etymology 2
[edit]From Middle English -est, -st, from Old English -est, -ast, -st, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *-zi, from Proto-Indo-European *-si. The -t was by transfer from inverted order where thou followed the verb, which also occurred in most dialects of Middle Dutch and Middle High German (compare modern German -st).
Suffix
[edit]-est
- (archaic, dialectal) Used to form the second-person singular present tense and past tense of verbs. (if thou is the subject; not used with you)
- goest, makest, wentest, madest
Alternative forms
[edit]Translations
[edit]second-person singular present tense of verbs
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See also
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Catalan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin -istī.
Suffix
[edit]-est
- Used to form the second person plural preterite indicative of second conjugation verbs
Usage notes
[edit]- This form fell out of use, being largely replaced by the analogical ending -eres.
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From -es (adjective-forming suffix) + -t (adverb-forming suffix).
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-est
- (adverb-forming suffix) Added to a word to form an adverb.
Usage notes
[edit]- (adverb-forming suffix) Variants:
- -st
- -est
Derived terms
[edit]Middle English
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-est
- Used to form the second-person singular present indicative of verbs.
Old English
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *-ustaz, *-istaz.
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-est
- suffix forming feminine nouns, originally from verbs
Declension
[edit]Declension of -est (strong ō-stem)
Welsh
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-est
- (colloquial) verb suffix for the second-person singular preterite
Derived terms
[edit]Category Welsh terms suffixed with -est not found
Categories:
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- English lemmas
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