祖
Appearance
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]祖 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 戈火月一 (IFBM), four-corner 37210, composition ⿰礻且(GHTJV) or ⿰示且(K))
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 841, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24664
- Dae Jaweon: page 1260, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2391, character 4
- Unihan data for U+7956
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
祖 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 且 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 祖 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Old Chinese | |
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虘 | *zaːl, *zaː |
蔖 | *zlaːl, *sʰaːʔ |
摣 | *rnaː, *ʔsraː |
袓 | *ʔsjaː, *zaʔ |
怚 | *ʔsjaː, *ʔsas, *zaʔ |
罝 | *ʔsjaː |
謯 | *ʔslja, *ʔsraːʔ |
姐 | *ʔsjaːʔ |
抯 | *ʔsljaːʔ, *ljaːʔ, *ʔsraː |
飷 | *ʔsjaːʔ |
且 | *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa |
趄 | *sʰjaːs, *sʰa |
笡 | *sʰjaːs |
查 | *ʔsraː, *zraː, *zraː |
柤 | *ʔsraː |
樝 | *ʔsraː |
皻 | *ʔsraː |
渣 | *ʔsraː |
楂 | *zraː |
苴 | *zraː, *ʔsa, *ʔsaʔ, *sʰa |
駔 | *ʔslaːŋʔ, *zaːʔ |
租 | *ʔsaː |
蒩 | *ʔsaː, *ʔsaːʔ, *sʰa |
祖 | *ʔsaːʔ |
組 | *ʔsaːʔ |
珇 | *ʔsaːʔ |
靻 | *ʔsaːʔ |
粗 | *sʰaː, *zaːʔ |
徂 | *zaː |
殂 | *zaː |
麆 | *zaːʔ, *zras |
伹 | *zaːʔ, *sʰa |
蛆 | *ʔsa, *sʰa |
沮 | *ʔsa, *ʔsas, *sʰa, *zaʔ, *ʔsra |
咀 | *ʔsaʔ, *zaʔ |
疽 | *sʰa |
雎 | *sʰa |
狙 | *sʰa, *sʰas |
岨 | *sʰa |
砠 | *sʰa |
坥 | *sʰa, *sʰas |
刞 | *sʰas |
覰 | *sʰas |
覷 | *sʰas |
跙 | *zaʔ |
筯 | *das |
菹 | *ʔsra |
葅 | *ʔsra |
阻 | *ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras |
俎 | *ʔsraʔ |
詛 | *ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras |
鉏 | *zra, *zraʔ |
豠 | *zra |
鋤 | *zra |
耡 | *zra, *zras |
齟 | *zraʔ |
助 | *zras |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ʔsaːʔ) : semantic 示 + phonetic 且 (OC *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa). Specialization of 且. See there for more.
Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “please compare with Arakanese အဇူအဇာ (ancestors, forefathers)”)
- “to Zucc”
- Short for 祖克柏 (Zǔkèbó, “(Mark) Zuckerberg”), from English Zuckerberg.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zu3
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): зў (zw, II)
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chú
- Northern Min (KCR): cǔ
- Eastern Min (BUC): cū
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5tsu
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄨˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zǔ
- Wade–Giles: tsu3
- Yale: dzǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuu
- Palladius: цзу (czu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: zu3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zu
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su⁵³/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: зў (zw, II)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su⁵¹/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zou2
- Yale: jóu
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzou2
- Guangdong Romanization: zou2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sou̯³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: du2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chú
- Hakka Romanization System: zuˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: zu3
- Sinological IPA: /t͡su³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cǔ
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cū
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chó͘
- Tâi-lô: tsóo
- Phofsit Daibuun: zor
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /t͡sɔ⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔ⁴¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Longyan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chír
- Tâi-lô: tsír
- IPA (Longyan): /t͡sz̩²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: zou2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsóu
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sou⁵²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: tsuX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤaʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsaːʔ/
Definitions
[edit]祖
- ancestor; forebear; forefather
- 祭祖 ― jìzǔ ― to offer sacrifices to one's ancestors
- One of the two suffixes of emperors' temple names.
- Coordinate term: 宗 (zōng)
- grandparent; grandfather or grandmother
- 祖父 ― zǔfù ― paternal grandfather
- founder
- (literary) to follow the example of; to pattern after
- (Internet slang, usually passive voice) to ban someone on Facebook; to Zucc
- a surname. Zu
- 祖沖之/祖冲之 ― Zǔ Chōngzhī ― Zu Chongzhi (Chinese astronomer and mathematician during the Liu Song and Southern Qi dynasties)
- (Cantonese) A transliteration of the English male given name Joe
Compounds
[edit]- 一祖三宗
- 七祖
- 三祖
- 上祖 (shàngzǔ)
- 不祧之祖 (bùtiāozhīzǔ)
- 世祖 (shìzǔ)
- 乃祖
- 九宗七祖
- 九祖
- 二祖
- 五祖
- 五祖七真
- 伯祖 (bózǔ)
- 佛祖 (fózǔ)
- 作祖
- 伯祖妣
- 伯祖母 (bózǔmǔ)
- 元世祖
- 元太祖
- 元祖 (yuánzǔ)
- 光宗耀祖 (guāngzōngyàozǔ)
- 先祖 (xiānzǔ)
- 先祖妣
- 先祖考
- 克繩祖武/克绳祖武
- 公祖
- 六祖 (Liùzǔ)
- 六祖壇經/六祖坛经 (Liùzǔ Tánjīng)
- 公祖父母
- 出祖
- 列祖列宗 (lièzǔlièzōng)
- 初祖
- 南五祖
- 南祖
- 原祖
- 叔祖 (shūzǔ)
- 叔祖母 (shūzǔmǔ)
- 吾祖
- 呂祖/吕祖 (Lǚzǔ)
- 呂祖師/吕祖师
- 呵佛祖
- 呵佛罵祖/呵佛骂祖
- 唐高祖
- 嚴祖/严祖
- 外曾祖
- 外祖
- 外祖母 (wàizǔmǔ)
- 外祖父 (wàizǔfù)
- 大公祖
- 大祖
- 天公祖
- 太祖 (Tàizǔ)
- 妣祖
- 始祖 (shǐzǔ)
- 始祖鳥/始祖鸟 (shǐzǔniǎo)
- 始遷祖/始迁祖
- 媽祖/妈祖 (Māzǔ)
- 媽祖婆/妈祖婆
- 媽祖生/妈祖生
- 媽祖誕辰/妈祖诞辰
- 嫘祖 (Léizǔ)
- 季祖母
- 宋太祖
- 宗祖
- 家祖
- 家祖母
- 封祖蔭孫/封祖荫孙
- 小祖
- 小祖宗
- 帝祖
- 師祖/师祖
- 彭祖
- 後祖/后祖
- 從祖叔母/从祖叔母
- 從祖姑/从祖姑
- 從祖昆弟/从祖昆弟
- 從祖母/从祖母
- 從祖父/从祖父
- 從祖祖母/从祖祖母
- 從祖祖父/从祖祖父
- 徽祖
- 憲祖/宪祖
- 成佛作祖
- 啟祖/启祖
- 數典忘祖/数典忘祖 (shǔdiǎnwàngzǔ)
- 文祖
- 族曾祖母
- 族曾祖父
- 族祖
- 族祖母
- 族祖父
- 族祖父母
- 明太祖
- 昭祖
- 普庵老祖
- 書祖/书祖
- 曾祖 (zēngzǔ)
- 曾祖妣
- 曾祖母 (zēngzǔmǔ)
- 曾祖父 (zēngzǔfù)
- 曾祖王母
- 曾祖王父
- 本祖
- 東土九祖/东土九祖
- 東土六祖/东土六祖
- 根祖
- 榮宗耀祖/荣宗耀祖
- 樂祖/乐祖
- 次祖
- 次長祖/次长祖
- 欺師滅祖/欺师灭祖 (qīshīmièzǔ)
- 毛蟲祖/毛虫祖
- 汀祖 (Tīngzǔ)
- 法祖
- 泰祖
- 清世祖
- 清太祖
- 清水祖師/清水祖师
- 清聖祖/清圣祖
- 漢祖/汉祖
- 漢祖風/汉祖风
- 漢高祖/汉高祖 (Hàn Gāozǔ)
- 火祖
- 烈祖
- 父祖 (fùzǔ)
- 物祖
- 猛著祖鞭
- 玄元聖祖/玄元圣祖
- 玄祖
- 田祖
- 皇曾祖
- 皇祖
- 皇祖妣 (huángzǔbǐ)
- 皇祖考 (huángzǔkǎo)
- 睿祖
- 石祖
- 祖上 (zǔshàng)
- 祖世
- 祖代 (zǔdài)
- 祖位
- 祖傳/祖传 (zǔchuán)
- 祖像
- 祖先 (zǔxiān)
- 祖公
- 祖公公
- 祖別/祖别
- 祖刻
- 祖制
- 祖則/祖则
- 祖功宗德
- 祖印
- 祖厲/祖厉
- 祖君
- 祖喪/祖丧
- 祖嘗/祖尝
- 祖國/祖国 (zǔguó)
- 祖堂
- 祖基
- 祖執/祖执
- 祖塋/祖茔
- 祖塔
- 祖墓 (zǔmù)
- 祖墳/祖坟 (zǔfén)
- 祖壟/祖垄
- 祖奠
- 祖妣
- 祖姑
- 祖始
- 祖婆
- 祖媽/祖妈
- 祖子
- 祖孫/祖孙
- 祖宅 (zǔzhái)
- 祖宗 (zǔzōng)
- 祖宗三代 (zǔzōng sān dài)
- 祖宗八代
- 祖宗家法
- 祖宗影神
- 祖宗成法
- 祖宗故事
- 祖宗朝
- 祖宗法度
- 祖宗神
- 祖宴
- 祖家 (zǔjiā)
- 祖寄
- 祖寺
- 祖尚
- 祖居 (zǔjū)
- 祖屋 (zǔwū)
- 祖山
- 祖岳
- 祖帖
- 祖席
- 祖師/祖师 (zǔshī)
- 祖師堂/祖师堂
- 祖師爺/祖师爷 (zǔshīyé)
- 祖師禪/祖师禅
- 祖帳/祖帐
- 祖庭
- 祖庶母
- 祖廟/祖庙 (zǔmiào)
- 祖式
- 祖德
- 祖心
- 祖性
- 祖思
- 祖情
- 祖意
- 祖房
- 祖搆/祖构
- 祖效
- 祖日
- 祖明
- 祖服
- 祖期
- 祖本 (zǔběn)
- 祖根
- 祖業/祖业 (zǔyè)
- 祖構/祖构
- 祖櫬/祖榇
- 祖武
- 祖武宗文
- 祖母 (zǔmǔ)
- 祖母綠/祖母绿 (zǔmǔlǜ)
- 祖氣/祖气
- 祖江
- 祖法
- 祖泣
- 祖洲
- 祖洽
- 祖源
- 祖澤/祖泽
- 祖炳
- 祖烈
- 祖父 (zǔfù)
- 祖父母 (zǔfùmǔ)
- 祖爺/祖爷
- 祖爺爺/祖爷爷
- 祖犒
- 祖狀之尸
- 祖率
- 祖王父
- 祖生
- 祖生鞭
- 祖產/祖产 (zǔchǎn)
- 祖用
- 祖祀
- 祖祠
- 祖祖
- 祖神
- 祖祖孫孫/祖祖孙孙
- 祖祖輩輩/祖祖辈辈 (zǔzǔbèibèi)
- 祖祭
- 祖禮/祖礼
- 祖禰/祖祢
- 祖禰廟/祖祢庙
- 祖竹
- 祖第
- 祖筵
- 祖籍 (zǔjí)
- 祖系
- 祖系圖/祖系图
- 祖統/祖统
- 祖翁
- 祖習/祖习
- 祖考
- 祖考廟/祖考庙
- 祖職/祖职
- 祖臘/祖腊
- 祖臺/祖台
- 祖舅
- 祖舊/祖旧
- 祖舜宗堯/祖舜宗尧
- 祖花
- 祖葬
- 祖蔭/祖荫
- 祖行
- 祖衣
- 祖衲
- 祖襲/祖袭
- 祖親/祖亲
- 祖言
- 祖訓/祖训 (zǔxùn)
- 祖語/祖语 (zǔyǔ)
- 祖調/祖调
- 祖識/祖识
- 祖讌/祖宴
- 祖貫/祖贯
- 祖贈/祖赠
- 祖路
- 祖蹟/祖迹
- 祖軷/祖𫐈
- 祖載/祖载
- 祖輩/祖辈 (zǔbèi)
- 祖述
- 祖送
- 祖逖鞭
- 祖道
- 祖遺/祖遗 (zǔyí)
- 祖邦
- 祖鄉/祖乡
- 祖配
- 祖酌
- 祖錄/祖录
- 祖離/祖离
- 祖靈/祖灵
- 祖鞭
- 祖鞭先著
- 祖風/祖风
- 祖飲/祖饮
- 祖餞/祖饯 (zǔjiàn)
- 祖饋/祖馈
- 祖馬/祖马
- 祖駕/祖驾
- 祖鬯
- 祖龍/祖龙 (Zǔlóng)
- 祖龍之虐/祖龙之虐
- 祖龍浮海/祖龙浮海
- 祭祖 (jìzǔ)
- 禪宗七祖/禅宗七祖
- 禪祖/禅祖
- 禰祖/祢祖
- 積祖/积祖
- 竹祖
- 純陽祖師/纯阳祖师
- 累祖
- 繩其祖武/绳其祖武
- 繩厥祖武/绳厥祖武
- 繩祖/绳祖
- 羅祖/罗祖
- 羅祖教/罗祖教
- 耀祖榮宗/耀祖荣宗
- 老公祖
- 老祖
- 老祖先
- 老祖兒/老祖儿
- 老祖太爺/老祖太爷
- 老祖宗
- 聖祖/圣祖 (Shèngzǔ)
- 肇祖
- 肏你八輩子祖宗/肏你八辈子祖宗 (cào nǐ bā bèizi zǔzōng)
- 肏你祖宗十八代 (cào nǐ zǔzōng shíbā dài)
- 舅祖
- 華嚴五祖/华严五祖
- 落鼻祖
- 藝祖/艺祖
- 蛇祖
- 觀音佛祖/观音佛祖
- 設祖/设祖
- 訶佛罵祖/诃佛骂祖
- 詩祖/诗祖
- 認祖歸宗/认祖归宗 (rènzǔguīzōng)
- 諸祖姑/诸祖姑
- 賣祖/卖祖
- 近祖
- 返祖現象/返祖现象 (fǎnzǔ xiànxiàng)
- 述祖
- 道祖
- 遠祖/远祖 (yuǎnzǔ)
- 遼太祖/辽太祖
- 遼祖/辽祖
- 金太祖
- 長祖/长祖
- 開山始祖/开山始祖
- 開山祖/开山祖
- 開山祖師/开山祖师
- 開山老祖/开山老祖
- 開山鼻祖/开山鼻祖
- 雷祖
- 霸祖
- 靈祖/灵祖
- 顯祖/显祖 (xiǎnzǔ)
- 顯祖妣/显祖妣
- 顯祖揚名/显祖扬名
- 顯祖揚宗/显祖扬宗
- 顯祖榮宗/显祖荣宗
- 顯祖考/显祖考
- 香祖
- 馬祖/马祖 (Mǎzǔ)
- 高祖 (gāozǔ)
- 高祖冠
- 高祖母 (gāozǔmǔ)
- 高祖父 (gāozǔfù)
- 高祖王母
- 高祖王父
- 黃祖/黄祖
- 黃連祖/黄连祖
- 鼻祖 (bízǔ)
References
[edit]- “祖”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai | 祖 | |
Kyūjitai [1] |
祖 祖 or 祖+ ︀ ?
|
|
祖󠄁 祖+ 󠄁 ?(Adobe-Japan1) | ||
祖󠄃 祖+ 󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit]祖
(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 祖)
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: そ (so, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: そ (so, Jōyō)
- Kun: おや (oya, 祖)、じじ (jiji, 祖)、はじめ (hajime, 祖め)
- Nanori: おや (oya)、さき (saki)、のり (nori)、はじめ (hajime)、ひろ (hiro)、もと (moto)
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
Etymology
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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祖 |
そ Grade: 5 |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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祖 (kyūjitai) |
From Middle Chinese 祖 (tsuX, “ancestor”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ “祖”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 祖 (MC tsuX). Recorded as Middle Korean 조〮 (cwó) (Yale: cwo) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
[edit]祖 (eumhun 할아버지 조 (harabeoji jo))
- hanja form? of 조 (“grandfather; ancestor”)
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]
Vietnamese
[edit]Noun
[edit]祖
Derived terms
[edit]
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