俎

See also: 爼

俎 U+4FCE, 俎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4FCE ← 俍 [U+4FCD] CJK Unified Ideographs 俏 → [U+4FCF]

Translingual

Han character

俎 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人人月一 (OOBM), four-corner 8781₀, composition ⿰仌且)

1. chopping board or chopping block
2. painted

Derived characters

• 葅

Additional Derived Characters

• 𫦆, 𱏉, 𫦡

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 104, character 21
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 679
• Dae Jaweon: page 221, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 156, character 4
• Unihan data for U+4FCE

Chinese

simp. and trad.		俎
alternative forms		爼 𤕲 𮀀 且

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 俎
Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts
Bronze inscriptions b19462 b19463 Small seal script s10641 Transcribed ancient scripts L14866 L14867 L14868 L14869 L14870
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (且) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
虘	*zaːl, *zaː
蔖	*zlaːl, *sʰaːʔ
摣	*rnaː, *ʔsraː
袓	*ʔsjaː, *zaʔ
怚	*ʔsjaː, *ʔsas, *zaʔ
罝	*ʔsjaː
謯	*ʔslja, *ʔsraːʔ
姐	*ʔsjaːʔ
抯	*ʔsljaːʔ, *ljaːʔ, *ʔsraː
飷	*ʔsjaːʔ
且	*sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa
趄	*sʰjaːs, *sʰa
笡	*sʰjaːs
查	*ʔsraː, *zraː, *zraː
柤	*ʔsraː
樝	*ʔsraː
皻	*ʔsraː
渣	*ʔsraː
楂	*zraː
苴	*zraː, *ʔsa, *ʔsaʔ, *sʰa
駔	*ʔslaːŋʔ, *zaːʔ
租	*ʔsaː
蒩	*ʔsaː, *ʔsaːʔ, *sʰa
祖	*ʔsaːʔ
組	*ʔsaːʔ
珇	*ʔsaːʔ
靻	*ʔsaːʔ
粗	*sʰaː, *zaːʔ
徂	*zaː
殂	*zaː
麆	*zaːʔ, *zras
伹	*zaːʔ, *sʰa
蛆	*ʔsa, *sʰa
沮	*ʔsa, *ʔsas, *sʰa, *zaʔ, *ʔsra
咀	*ʔsaʔ, *zaʔ
疽	*sʰa
雎	*sʰa
狙	*sʰa, *sʰas
岨	*sʰa
砠	*sʰa
坥	*sʰa, *sʰas
刞	*sʰas
覰	*sʰas
覷	*sʰas
跙	*zaʔ
筯	*das
菹	*ʔsra
葅	*ʔsra
阻	*ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras
俎	*ʔsraʔ
詛	*ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras
鉏	*zra, *zraʔ
豠	*zra
鋤	*zra
耡	*zra, *zras
齟	*zraʔ
助	*zras

Pictogram (象形) – sacrificial altar for meat. The altar's legs are on the left and the vessel is on the right.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zǔ (zu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zo²
• Eastern Min (BUC): cū
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zoe³
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chó͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zo² / zu²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zǔ
    • Wade–Giles: tsu³
    • Yale: dzǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuu
    • Palladius: цзу (czu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zo²
    • Yale: jó
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzo²
    • Guangdong Romanization: zo²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔː³⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cū
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su³³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zoe³
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cê̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sø⁴⁵³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zoe³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sø³³²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chó͘
    • Tâi-lô: tsóo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zor
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔ⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔ⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔ⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zo² / zu²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsó / tsú
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡so⁵²/, /t͡su⁵²/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsrjoX

Rime
Character	俎
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	莊 (18)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	側吕切
Baxter	tsrjoX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃɨʌX/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂiɔX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃiɔX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂɨə̆X/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃiɔX/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃĭoX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂi̯woX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zo2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsraʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	俎
Reading #	1/1
No.	10447
Phonetic component	且
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*ʔsraʔ/

Definitions

俎

1. (historical) sacrificial altar; stand or vessel for meat and food sacrifice
2. (literary) chopping board; chopping block
3. a surname

Compounds

• 三俎
• 俎上肉 (zǔshàngròu)
• 俎豆
• 刀俎 (dāozǔ)
• 尊俎
• 折衝樽俎 / 折冲樽俎 (zhéchōngzūnzǔ)
• 樽俎 (zūnzǔ)
• 越俎代庖 (yuèzǔdàipáo)
• 酉陽雜俎 / 酉阳杂俎
• 雜俎 / 杂俎
• 鼎俎

References

• “俎”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “俎”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 320.

Japanese

Kanji

俎

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: しょ (sho)
• Kan-on: そ (so)
• Kun: まないた (manaita, 俎)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
俎
そ Hyōgai
on'yomi

Borrowing from Middle Chinese 俎 (MC tsrjoX, “a wooden stand used in offering rites”). Compare modern Cantonese reading zo².

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) そ [sóꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [so̞]

Noun

俎(そ) • (so) 

1. sacrificial altar
2. cutting board; a chopping board

Usage notes

This reading appears to be less common. For the cutting board sense in particular, the manaita reading below is more common.

Derived terms

• 俎(そ)上(じょう) (sojō): on the altar, on the cutting board
• 俎(そ)豆(とう) (sotō): a ceremonial object in ancient China; etiqutte, manners

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
俎
まないた Hyōgai
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 俎 – see the following entry.

【まな板いた】 [noun] a chopping board, a cutting board [noun] (slang) a girl with a flat chest (compare the English expression flat as a board) Alternative spellings 俎板, 真魚板

(This term, 俎, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

• “^▲俎”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

Korean

Hanja

俎 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.