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U+9B5A, 魚
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9B5A

[U+9B59]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9B5B]
U+2FC2, ⿂
KANGXI RADICAL FISH

[U+2FC1]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2FC3]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
11 strokes
Stroke order (Japan)
11 strokes
Stroke order

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 195, +0, 11 strokes, cangjie input 弓田火 (NWF), four-corner 27336, composition )

  1. Kangxi radical #195, .

Derived characters[edit]

Related characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1465, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45956
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1998, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4674, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9B5A

Chinese[edit]

trad.
simp.
alternative forms 𤉯
𤋳
𩵋
𮫬
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) – a fish.

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ŋja. Cognate with (OC *ŋa, “to fish”).

Pronunciation[edit]


Note: ngui3-4* - standalone word for "fish".
Note:
  • hî/hû/hîr - vernacular;
  • gû/gîr/gî - literary.
Note:
  • he5 - Chaozhou, Shantou;
  • hu5 - Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai.
  • Wu
  • Note: 3hhy is literary.

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /y³⁵/
    Harbin /y²⁴/
    Tianjin /y⁴⁵/
    Jinan /y⁴²/
    Qingdao /y⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /y⁴²/
    Xi'an /y²⁴/
    Xining /y²⁴/
    Yinchuan /y⁵³/
    Lanzhou /y⁵³/
    Ürümqi /y⁵¹/
    Wuhan /y²¹³/
    Chengdu /y³¹/
    Guiyang /i²¹/
    Kunming /i³¹/
    Nanjing /y²⁴/
    Hefei /zz̩ʷ⁵⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /y¹¹/
    Pingyao /ȵy¹³/
    Hohhot /y³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /ŋ̍²³/
    /ɦy²³/
    Suzhou /ɦy¹³/
    /ŋ¹³/
    Hangzhou /ɦz̩ʷ²¹³/
    Wenzhou /ŋøy³¹/
    Hui Shexian /ny⁴⁴/
    Tunxi /ȵy⁴⁴/
    Xiang Changsha /y¹³/
    Xiangtan /y¹²/
    Gan Nanchang /ȵie⁴⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /n̩¹¹/
    Taoyuan /ŋ̍¹¹/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /jy²¹/
    Nanning /y²¹/
    Hong Kong /jy²¹/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /gu³⁵/
    /hi³⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /ŋy⁵³/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ŋy³³/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /hɯ⁵⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /zi³¹/
    /hu³¹/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (31)
    Final () (22)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter ngjo
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ŋɨʌ/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ŋiɔ/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ŋiɔ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ŋɨə̆/
    Li
    Rong
    /ŋiɔ/
    Wang
    Li
    /ŋĭo/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ŋi̯wo/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    jyu4
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ ngjo ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[r.ŋ]a/
    English fish (n.)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 15939
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ŋa/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. fish (Classifier: m c;  m h mn)
    2. fish (as a food)
    3. () (telegraphy) the sixth day of a month
    4. Alternative form of ().
    5. Alternative form of (OC *ŋaː).
    6. a surname

    Synonyms[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic ():
    • Japanese: (ぎょ) (gyo)
    • Korean: 어(魚) (eo)
    • Vietnamese: ngư ()

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    うお
    Grade: 2
    kun’yomi
    (uo): a fish

    /uwo//uo/

    From Old Japanese.[1]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (うお) (uoうを (wo)?

    1. a fish
    Derived terms[edit]
    Idioms[edit]
    Proverbs[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    いお
    Grade: 2
    irregular

    /uwo//iwo//io/

    Alteration of older uo, appearing from roughly the Heian period.

    Still used today in some dialects.[1]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (いお) (ioいを (iwo)?

    1. (archaic or dialectal, Kagoshima) a fish
    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    さかな
    Grade: 2
    kun’yomi
    (sakana): a fish used as a side dish

    Cognate with (sakana, side dish of meat or vegetables usually served with alcoholic beverages), itself a compound of Old Japanese-derived elements (saka, unbound apophonic form of sake2, “alcoholic beverage, especially sake) +‎ , , (na, generic term for a side dish, especially vegetables, fish, or other meat).[1]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (さかな) (sakana

    1. a fish, especially when used as food
      (にわ)()()しい(さかな)()べた。
      Niwa de oishii sakana o tabeta.
      I ate a delicious fish in the garden.
      • 2000 January 27, “レインボー・フィッシュ [Rainbow Fish]”, in Vol.7, Konami:
        ()にも(めずら)しい(なな)(いろ)(さかな)(つか)まえるのはかなり(むずか)しい。
        Yonimo mezurashii nanairo no sakana. Tsukamaeru no wa kanari muzukashii.
        An extremely rare seven-colored fish. It is quite difficult to catch.
      • 2011 May 14, “(はん)(ぎょ)(じゅう)・フィッシャービースト [Semi-Ichthyobestia Fisherbeast]”, in Beginner's Edition 1, Konami:
        (りく)では(けもの)のように、(うみ)では(さかな)のように()(ばや)(こう)(げき)する。
        Riku de wa kemono no yō ni, umi de wa sakana no yō ni subayaku kōgeki suru.
        Like a beast on land, like a fish in the sea, he attacks swiftly.
    2. a side dish, specifically referring to fish
      Synonym: お菜 (okazu)
    Usage notes[edit]

    This is now the most common general word for fish in modern standard Japanese.

    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 4[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    ぎょ
    Grade: 2
    kan’on

    From Middle Chinese (MC ŋɨʌ).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (ぎょ) (gyo

    1. a fish
    2. Short for 魚鱗 (gyorin): fish scales

    Affix[edit]

    (ぎょ) (gyo

    1. fish
    2. fishlike
    Derived terms[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
    2. 2.0 2.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    3. 3.0 3.1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese (MC ŋɨʌ).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 ᅌᅥᆼ (Yale: ngè)
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 고기〮 (Yale: kwòkí) (Yale: è)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun 물고기 (mulgogi eo))

    1. Hanja form? of (fish). [affix]

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]

    Okinawan[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    /ʔiu//ʔiːu//ʔiju/

    Shift from iu below.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (いゆ) (iyu

    1. a fish
      (いゆ)(とぅ)いが()ちゅん。
      Iyu tuiga ichun.
      I will go catch a fish.
    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Cognate with Old Japanese (uwo).

    Compare modern dialectal mainland Japanese (io), first appearing in print and becoming common from the Heian period, but likely extant earlier.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (いう) (iu

    1. a fish

    References[edit]

    Old Japanese[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Noun[edit]

    (uwo) (kana うを)

    1. a fish
    Derived terms[edit]
    Descendants[edit]
    • Japanese: (uo, io)

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Cognate with (na, side dish),[1][2][3] by extension that can refer to any kind of meat.

    Noun[edit]

    (na) (kana )

    1. a fish, especially when used as food
      • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 5, poem 869, first variant), text here
        多良志比賣可尾能美許等能都良須等美多多志世利斯 伊志遠多礼美吉
        tarasi pi1me1 kami2 no2 mi-ko2to2 no2 na turasu to2 mi1-tatasi serisi isi wo tare mi1ki1
        Who saw the rock that rose up against us as we tried to catch the fish [or “catching sweetfishes”] belonging to the empress?
    Derived terms[edit]
    Descendants[edit]
    • Japanese: (sakana)

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
    2. ^ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
    3. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Việt readings: ngư ((ngữ)()(thiết))[1][2][3]
    : Nôm readings: ngơ[1][2][3][4], ngư[1][2][3], ngớ[1][4], ngừ[3][4]

    1. chữ Hán form of ngư (fish).

    References[edit]

    Yonaguni[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (hiragana いゆ, romaji iyu)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (hiragana いゆ, romaji iyu)

    1. fish

    Derived terms[edit]

    Yoron[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (hiragana っゆー, romaji 'yū)

    Noun[edit]

    (hiragana っゆー, romaji 'yū)

    1. fish