io

See also: Io and Appendix:Variations of "io"

Languages (21)

Translingual • English

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Aromanian • Chuukese • Dutch • Esperanto • Interlingua • Istro-Romanian • Italian • Japanese • Ladino • Latin • Macanese • Māori • Megleno-Romanian • Neapolitan • Old Dutch • Old High German • Romanian • West Makian • Yoruba

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Page categories

Translingual

Etymology

Abbreviation of English and Ido Ido.

Symbol

io

1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Ido.

English

Etymology 1

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek Ἰώ (Iṓ, “Io”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈaɪəʊ/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɪəʊ

Noun

io (plural ios)

1. A type of moth, the io moth.
   • 1936, Paul Griswold Howes, Hand book for the curious:

     These lines appear to serve as roadways or guides to any stragglers that may have hung back for some reason known only to an io.

Etymology 2

From Latin iō; compare Ancient Greek ἰώ (iṓ, “oh!”).

Interjection

io

1. (rare) An exclamation of joy or triumph.
   • 1913, Crowley, Aleister, “Hymn To Pan”, in Book 4‎^[1], University of California Libraries, Magick in Theory and Practice:

     Do as thou wilt, as a great god can,
     O Pan! Io Pan!
     Io Pan! Io Pan Pan! I am awake
     In the grip of the snake.

Anagrams

• -oi, OI, Oi, oi, oi!

Aromanian

Pronoun

io

1. alternative form of iou (“I”)

Chuukese

Pronoun

io

1. who

Dutch

Alternative forms

• iö

Etymology

From Latin io, from Ancient Greek ἰώ (iṓ). Doublet of jo.

Interjection

io

1. (dated) io (exclamation of triumph)

Further reading

• Matthias de Vries; Lambert Allard te Winkel (1864), “io”, in Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal, published 2001

Esperanto

Etymology

From i- (indeterminate correlative prefix) +‎ -o (correlative suffix of objects).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈio/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Audio 3:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -io
• Syllabification: i‧o

Pronoun

io (accusative ion)

1. something (indeterminate correlative of objects)

Usage notes

• The plural forms ioj and iojn are nonstandard and rare.

Derived terms

• io ajn (“anything”)

See also

Esperanto correlatives

		interrogative	demonstrative	indefinite	universal	negative
		ki-	ti-	i-	ĉi-	neni-
kind of, sort of	-a	kia	tia	ia	ĉia	nenia
reason	-al	kial	tial	ial	ĉial	nenial
time	-am	kiam	tiam	iam	ĉiam	neniam
place	-e	kie	tie	ie	ĉie	nenie
motion	-en	kien	tien	ien	ĉien	nenien
manner	-el	kiel	tiel	iel	ĉiel	neniel
possessive	-es	kies	ties	ies	ĉies	nenies
demonstrative pronoun	-o	kio	tio	io	ĉio	nenio
amount	-om	kiom	tiom	iom	ĉiom	neniom
demonstrative determiner	-u	kiu	tiu	iu	ĉiu	neniu

Further reading

• “io”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN
• “io”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-present

Interlingua

Etymology

Probably borrowed from Italian io.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.o/

Pronoun

io

1. I

   Io te ama.

   I love you.

Istro-Romanian

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

Pronoun

io (first-person singular, plural noi)

1. I

Declension

nominative		io
accusative	stressed	mire
	unstressed	me (m')
dative	stressed	mi
	unstressed	âm
genitive	masc. sg.	meu/mev
	fem. sg.	me
	masc. pl.	meľ
	fem. pl.	mele

Italian

Alternative forms

• eo (archaic)
• jo (obsolete)

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.o/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -io
• Hyphenation: ì‧o

Pronoun

io (personal, first person, possessive mio)

1. I (the first-person singular nominative pronoun)

Usage notes

• Italian being a pro-drop language, subject pronouns are mostly omitted, both in the written and spoken language, as the inflected verb is conjugated by person. An example would be: Mangio una mela, which is much more common than Io mangio una mela, where the subject can be inferred from the inflected form mangio; similarly È carina instead of Lei è carina. The explicit usage of personal pronouns may sound redundant to a native speaker, except when it is used in order to emphasize the subject. (Io mangio una mela could be interpreted as I am eating an apple and you are not).

Descendants

• → Interlingua: io

Noun

io m (invariable)

1. ego, self

   Synonyms: sé, ego

   il proprio io ― one's [own] ego

   indagare nell'io ― to soul search (literally, “to investigate in the self”)

See also

Italian personal pronouns

		singular						plural
		first	second	second formal / polite5	third			first	second	second formal / polite5	third
				m or f	m	f				m or f	m	f
nominative		io	tu	Lei, Ella8	lui, egli8, ello8, elli3, 8, esso8	lei, ella8, essa8		noi	voi, Voi7	Loro	loro
elli3, 8, ellino4, 8, eglino4, 8, essi8	elle3, 8, elleno4, 8, esse8
atonic (clitic)11	accusative / dative-reflexive	mi, m', -mi, me9	ti, t', -ti, te9	―	si6, s', -si, se9			ci, c', -ci, ce9	vi, Vi7, v', V'7, -vi, -Vi7, ve9	―	si, s', -si, se9
	accusative			La, -La, L'	lo, l', -lo, il4	la, l', -la				Le, -Le	li, -li	le, -le
	dative			Le, -Le	glie9					Loro10	loro10, gli2, -gli2, glie9
					gli, -gli	le, -le, gli2, -gli2
	locative	―			ci, c', vi1, v'1			―			ci, c', vi1, v'1
	partitive	ne, n'		ne, n'
tonic12	prepositional-reflexive	―			sé			―			sé
	oblique	me	te	Lei	lui, esso8	lei, essa8		noi	voi, Voi7	Loro	loro,
											essi8	elle8, esse8
1	Formal.
2	Informal.
3	Archaic.
4	Obsolete.
5	Grammatically third person forms used semantically in the second person as a formal or polite way of addressing someone (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead.
6	Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive.
7	Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous).
8	Traditional grammars still indicate the forms egli (animate), ello / ella (animate), esso / essa and their plurals as the nominative forms of the third person pronouns; outside of very formal or archaizing contexts, all such forms have been replaced by the obliques lui, lei, loro.
9	Forms used when followed by a third-person direct object proclitic (lo, la, li, le, or ne).
10	Used after verbs.
11	Unstressed forms, stand alone forms are found proclitically (except dative loro / Loro), others enclitically (-mi, -ti, etc.).
12	Disjunctive, emphatic oblique forms used as direct objects placed after verbs, in exclamations, along prepositions (prepositional) and some adverbs (come, quanto, etc.); also used with a to create alternative emphatic dative forms.

Japanese

Romanization

io

1. Rōmaji transcription of いお

Ladino

Pronoun

io (Hebrew spelling ייו)

1. (Romania) alternative spelling of yo
   • 1910, Reuben Eliyahu Israel, Traducsion libera de las poezias ebraicas de Roş Aşana i Kipur‎^[2], Craiova: Institutul Grafic, I. Samitca şi D. Baraş, Socieatate in Comandita, →OCLC, page 10:

     Delantre de ti io mi orgolio abato
     I mi corason lo razgo con kevranto¹)

     I suppress my pride before you, and my heart tears it with despair.

Latin

Etymology

Echoic; compare Ancient Greek ἰώ (iṓ), or English yo.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈi.oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈiː.o]

Interjection

iō

1. an exclamation of joy: hurray, hurrah, yay
2. an exclamation of pain: oh, ah, alas
   • 8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 4.447–448:

     illa quidem clāmābat ‘iō, cārissima māter, auferor!’

     Indeed, she was crying out, “Oh! mother dearest – I am being taken away!”
     (See Persephone. The full context implies a cry of anguish as well as a plea for help from Persephone's mother, Ceres. The alternative ‘‘Help!’’ calls for an imperative such as ‘‘ferte auxilium!’’.)

3. an exclamation for getting attention: hey, oi, look, quick

References

• “io”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “io”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “io”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “io”, in The Perseus Project (1999), Perseus Encyclopedia‎^[3]
• “io”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “io”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray

Macanese

Etymology

Compare Kristang yo.

Pronoun

io

1. alternative form of iou: I, me

   io sam ― I am

Māori

Etymology

From ua from Proto-Polynesian *ua – see ua for more details.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈio/ [ˈiɔ]

Noun

io (plural ioio)

1. sinew; tendon

   Synonym: ua

2. muscle

   Synonym: ua

3. vein

   Synonym: ua

4. strand of rope
5. lock of hair

   Synonym: makawe

6. warp, lengthwise weaving threads

Derived terms

• ioio
• koio
• whakaio

References

• Williams, Herbert William (1917), “io”, in A Dictionary of the Maori Language, pages 90-1
• “io” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori–English, English–Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.

Megleno-Romanian

Alternative forms

• i̯o

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

Pronoun

io

1. I

Neapolitan

Alternative forms

• ie, jo, je
• j', i'

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi/, /ˈiə/, /ˈjə/

Pronoun

io

1. I (the first-person singular nominative pronoun)

Coordinate terms

Neapolitan personal pronouns

			nominative	accusative	dative	reflexive	possessive	prepositional
singular	first person		io	me			mìo, mìa, miéje, mèje	me, méne
	second person	familiar	tu	te			tùjo, tója, tuóje, tòje	te, téne
		formal	vuje	ve			vuósto, vòsta, vuóste, vòste	vuje
	third person	n	ésso	'o (lo)	lle	se	sùjo, sója, suóje, sòje	ésso
		m	ìsso	'o, 'u (lo, lu)	lle, lli			ìsso
		f	éssa	'a (la)	lle			éssa
plural	first person		nuje	nce			nuósto, nòsta, nuóste, nòste	nuje
	second person		vuje	ve			vuósto, vòsta, vuóste, vòste	vuje
	third person	n	éssa (llòro)	'a (la)	lle (llòro)	se	llòro (invariable)	éssa (llòro)
		m	ìsse (llòro)	'e, 'i (le, li)	lle, lli (llòro)			ìsse (llòro)
		f	ésse (llòro)	'e (le)	lle (llòro)			ésse (llòro)

References

• AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 1638: “volete che ci vada io” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it

Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *aiw.

Adverb

io

1. always, every time, continuously
   • 1981, Arend Quak, chapter 1, in Die altmittel- und altniederfränkischen Psalmen und Glossen. Nach den Handschriften und Erstdrucken neu herausgegeben. [The Old Middle and Old Lower Franconian Psalms and Glosses. Republished after the manuscripts and original publications.] (Amsterdamer Publikationen zur Sprache und Literatur; 47)‎^[4], Amsterdam: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 69:

     Duncla uuerthin ougon iro that sia ne gesian in rukgi iro io an crumbe.

     May their eyes be blinded so they (can) not see, and may their back keep getting bent!

   • 1981, Arend Quak, chapter 1, in Die altmittel- und altniederfränkischen Psalmen und Glossen. Nach den Handschriften und Erstdrucken neu herausgegeben. [The Old Middle and Old Lower Franconian Psalms and Glosses. Republished after the manuscripts and original publications.] (Amsterdamer Publikationen zur Sprache und Literatur; 47)‎^[5], Amsterdam: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 71:

     An thi sang min io.

     For you is always my song.

2. ever, at some point, sometime
   • 1971, Willy Sanders, editor, (Expositio) Willerammi Eberspergensis abbatis in canticis canticorum. Die Leidener Handschrift. (Kleine deutsche Prosadenkmäler des Mittelalters; 9)‎^[6] (overall work in Latin and Old High German), München: Wilhelm Fink, page 52:

     So wer ouch thurgh godes willan thiro wereld arbeyde muothe, wie magh her ie ze meeron ruowan cuman, thanne thaz her uollecume 'ad fontem totius boni'?

     And whoever by God's will is tired by the burdens of the world, how can he ever attain peace better than that he reaches the source of all good?

Alternative forms

• ie

Further reading

• “ie”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old High German

Alternative forms

• eo

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *aiw, whence also Old English ā, Old Saxon eo, Old Norse ei, Old Dutch ēwa, io.

Adverb

io

1. always

Derived terms

• nio

Descendants

• Middle High German: ie
  • German: je

Romanian

Adverb

io

1. obsolete form of iuo

References

• io in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN

West Makian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.o/

Verb

io

1. (transitive) to marry

Conjugation

Conjugation of io (action verb)

		singular	plural
			inclusive	exclusive
1st person		tiio	miio	aio
2nd person		niio	fiio
3rd person	inanimate	iio	diio
	animate
imperative		niio, io	fiio, io

References

• Clemens Voorhoeve (1982), The Makian languages and their neighbours‎^[7], Pacific linguistics

Yoruba

Alternative forms

• owó
• oghó, eghó

Etymology

Cognate with Nupe ewó, Edo ígho, Urhobo ígho

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /īó/, /ī.ɣó/

Noun

ió

1. (Ekiti) money, cowry

   Synonym: eó

Derived terms

• ió-orí (“tax, brideprice”)
• ọlíó (“rich person”)