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See also: , , , 𠂌, , , , and
U+4E8E, 于
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E8E

[U+4E8D]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4E8F]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 7, +1, 3 strokes, cangjie input 一木 (MD), four-corner 10400, composition 𬺰 or or )

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 86, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 252
  • Dae Jaweon: page 177, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 4, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+4E8E

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts





References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Pictogram (象形). Two possibilities for the object of representation are:

  • An ancient wind instrument; early form of (OC *ɢʷa). This view is supported by mainstream palaeography.
  • Exhaled air; early form of (OC *qʰʷa, *ɢʷas, “to sigh”). Shuowen considers it to be an ideogrammic compound (會意): (flat stream of air) + (to exhale). Compare , , .

Etymology 1[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“in; at; on; with; on; etc.”).
(This character, , is the simplified and variant traditional form of .)
Notes:

Etymology 2[edit]

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

ancient

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • jyu4 - literary;
  • jyu1 - vernacular (like ).
  • Min Nan

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (35)
    Final () (24)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter hju
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ɦɨo/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ɦio/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ɣio/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ɦuə̆/
    Li
    Rong
    /ɣio/
    Wang
    Li
    /ɣĭu/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /i̯u/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    jyu4
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ hju › ‹ hju ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ɢʷ(r)a/ /*ɦʷa/ (< *ɢʷ(r)a)
    English go; at 單于 chányú: Xiōngnú ruler (W. Hàn)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 15706
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ɢʷa/
    Notes

    Definitions[edit]

    1. a surname
        ―  Jìn  ―  Yu Jin (Chinese military general serving under the warlord Cao Cao in the late Eastern Han dynasty)
    2. Used in several names and proper nouns.
        ―  chán  ―  chief of the Xiongnu; a Chinese surname
        ―  Chún  ―  a Chinese surname

    Usage notes[edit]

    The surname is to be distinguished from another surname . The latter is never simplified if the character is used for surname.

    Etymology 3[edit]

    simp. and trad.

    Pronunciation[edit]


    Definitions[edit]

    1. Alternative form of (, “large; vast; wide”).

    Etymology 4[edit]

    simp. and trad.

    Pronunciation[edit]


    Definitions[edit]

    1. Alternative form of (, “An interjection.”). Only used in 于嗟 and 于咨.

    Compounds[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Readings[edit]

    • On (unclassified): (u); (ku)
    • Kun: ここに (kokoni, 于に); ゆく (yuku, 于く)

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (eum (u))

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings: vu, vo,

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    References[edit]