羽
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Translingual
[edit]Japanese | 羽 |
---|---|
Simplified | 羽 |
Traditional | 羽 |
Stroke order | |||
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Stroke order | |||
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Alternative forms
[edit]- In modern Chinese scripts, Japanese kanji and Vietnamese Nôm, the two strokes in the component 习 are written in opposite directions (冫).
- In Korean hanja, the two strokes in the component 习 are written in the same direction (丿), which is also the historical form found in the Kangxi dictionary.
- A CJK compatibility ideograph exists at
U+FA1E
for the historical form found in the Kangxi dictionary.
Han character
[edit]羽 (Kangxi radical 124, 羽+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 尸一尸戈一 (SMSIM) or 尸竹尸竹竹 (SHSHH), four-corner 17120, composition ⿰习习(GHTJV) or ⿰⿹𠃌⿱丿丿⿹𠃌⿱丿丿(K or U+FA1E
))
- Kangxi radical #124, ⽻.
Derived characters
[edit]- Appendix:Chinese radical/羽
- 𪜹, 𭎛, 𪥵, 𢌟, 𭚰, 𫹓, 挧, 𣴆, 𪰣, 栩, 𣭜, 𪸪, 珝, 祤, 𬏬, 𭾲, 𥏊, 𥒉, 𮇝, 䋚(䌻), 蛡, 詡(诩), 趐, 䟳, 𨋾, 𮠪, 𨦫(䦀), 𩗍, 𮪄, 鮙, 𬖅 翳
- 䣁, 頨, 𩢳, 𢏖, 𢬙, 毣, 𫊼, 𫖈, 𥂨, 𪓦, 𦭳, 扇, 䎝, 䨒, 𩭅, 𪊮, 𨌺, 𣷺, 禤, 𧝁, 𨶟
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 955, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28614
- Dae Jaweon: page 1400, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3341, character 1
- Unihan data for U+7FBD
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 羽 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Pictogram (象形) : wings or feathers.
Etymology 1
[edit]trad. | 羽 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 羽 | |
alternative forms | 𦏲 |
Either from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-grwa (“feather”), whence Tibetan སྒྲོ (sgro, “large feather”) (Coblin, 1986; Gong Hwang-cherng, 2002; STEDT), or *w(a/u) (“bird; egg; wing; fowl”) (Matisoff, 2000; Schuessler, 2007; Sagart, 2021b; STEDT).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yu3
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): y3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): y2
- Northern Min (KCR): ṳ̌
- Eastern Min (BUC): ṳ̄
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6yu
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): y3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄩˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yǔ
- Wade–Giles: yü3
- Yale: yǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeu
- Palladius: юй (juj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /y²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: yu3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: y
- Sinological IPA (key): /y⁵³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jyu5
- Yale: yúh
- Cantonese Pinyin: jy5
- Guangdong Romanization: yu5
- Sinological IPA (key): /jyː¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: yi4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ji²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: y3
- Sinological IPA (key): /y²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yí
- Hakka Romanization System: iˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi3
- Sinological IPA: /i³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yí
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)iˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi3
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: y2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /y⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳ̌
- Sinological IPA (key): /y²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̄
- Sinological IPA (key): /y³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: y3
- Sinological IPA (key): /y⁴¹/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: hjuX, hjuH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷ(r)aʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷaʔ/, /*ɢʷas/
Definitions
[edit]羽
- feather; plume
- wing
- 蜉蝣之羽,衣裳楚楚。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Fúyóu zhī yǔ, yīcháng chǔchǔ. [Pinyin]
- The wings of the ephemera,
Are robes, bright and splendid.
- † birds
- Classifier for birds.
- † fletching
- † arrow
- † banner; flag
- † letter (written communication)
- † feather fan
- † float (object attached to a fishing line)
- † friends; comrades
- (music) fifth note in the Chinese pentatonic scale
- 羽者,紆也,陰氣在上,陽氣在下;……。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Ban Gu, The Comprehensive Discussions in the White Tiger Hall, 79 CE, translated based on Tjan Tjoe Som's version
- Yǔ zhě, yū yě, yīnqì zàishàng, yángqì zàixià;....... [Pinyin]
- Yǔ means yū ‘to twist’; the yin-fluid is above, the yang-fluid is below; […] .
羽者,纡也,阴气在上,阳气在下;……。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- a surname
Synonyms
[edit]Coordinate terms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 一羽
- 七羽
- 中石飲羽/中石饮羽
- 丹羽
- 五色羽
- 仙羽
- 便羽
- 儀羽/仪羽
- 全羽
- 八羽
- 六羽
- 冬羽
- 凡羽
- 刷羽
- 反羽
- 吉光片羽 (jíguāngpiànyǔ)
- 吉光鳳羽/吉光凤羽
- 呢羽
- 商羽
- 嚴羽/严羽
- 嚼羽
- 垂頭鎩羽/垂头铩羽
- 塵羽/尘羽
- 大白羽
- 大羽
- 大羽箭
- 天生羽翼
- 契苾羽
- 威鳳一羽/威凤一羽
- 子羽
- 宮羽/宫羽
- 家羽
- 宿羽
- 射石飲羽/射石饮羽
- 巽羽
- 幟羽/帜羽
- 干羽
- 引商刻羽
- 弱羽
- 彎弓飲羽/弯弓饮羽
- 德輶如羽/德𬨎如羽
- 怪羽
- 愛惜羽毛/爱惜羽毛 (àixīyǔmáo)
- 應弦飲羽/应弦饮羽
- 戢羽
- 拂毛羽
- 括羽
- 拾翠羽
- 振羽
- 掉羽
- 揮羽/挥羽
- 插羽
- 插羽佳人
- 搖羽毛扇/摇羽毛扇
- 撥風羽/拨风羽
- 斷羽絕鱗/断羽绝鳞
- 旄羽
- 旌羽
- 日羽 (rìyǔ)
- 暮羽
- 月羽
- 木羽
- 木羽弩箭
- 朱羽
- 析羽
- 板羽球
- 染羽
- 楛羽
- 樹羽/树羽
- 檄羽
- 欺羽
- 毛羽
- 毛羽未豐/毛羽未丰
- 毳羽
- 沒石飲羽/没石饮羽
- 沙羽
- 沒羽/没羽
- 決羽/决羽
- 沈羽
- 沒羽之虎/没羽之虎
- 沒衛飲羽/没卫饮羽
- 沒金鎩羽/没金铩羽
- 沒金飲羽/没金饮羽
- 泛商流羽
- 流羽
- 滯羽/滞羽
- 潛鱗戢羽/潜鳞戢羽
- 無羽箭/无羽箭
- 燕羽觴/燕羽觞
- 片光零羽
- 片羽
- 犧羽/牺羽
- 玄羽
- 玉羽
- 珍羽
- 瑞羽
- 璧羽
- 瓊羽/琼羽
- 白羽
- 白羽扇
- 白羽書生/白羽书生
- 白羽箭
- 皓羽
- 移商換羽/移商换羽
- 移宮換羽/移宫换羽
- 積羽/积羽
- 穆羽
- 積羽沉舟/积羽沉舟
- 突羽
- 箭羽
- 簇羽
- 簉羽
- 素羽
- 絨羽/绒羽
- 綸巾羽扇/纶巾羽扇
- 綿羽/绵羽
- 縞羽/缟羽
- 繡羽/绣羽
- 羈羽/羁羽
- 羽人 (yǔrén)
- 羽仗
- 羽佩
- 羽便
- 羽儀/羽仪
- 羽冠
- 羽化 (yǔhuà)
- 羽化登仙
- 羽化飛天/羽化飞天
- 羽卮
- 羽君
- 羽嘉
- 羽報/羽报
- 羽士
- 羽奏
- 羽孽
- 羽客
- 羽山
- 羽巾
- 羽帔
- 羽帳/羽帐
- 羽帽
- 羽幢
- 羽徒
- 羽從/羽从
- 羽扇 (yǔshàn)
- 羽扇揮兵/羽扇挥兵
- 羽扇揮軍/羽扇挥军
- 羽扇畫水/羽扇画水
- 羽扇綸巾/羽扇纶巾
- 羽扇豆
- 羽括
- 羽旄
- 羽旆
- 羽族
- 羽旗
- 羽書/羽书 (yǔshū)
- 羽服
- 羽杯
- 羽林
- 羽林士
- 羽林子
- 羽林孤兒/羽林孤儿
- 羽林軍/羽林军
- 羽林郎
- 羽林騎/羽林骑
- 羽楫
- 羽檄
- 羽檄交馳/羽檄交驰
- 羽檄飛馳/羽檄飞驰
- 羽櫂/羽棹
- 羽毛 (yǔmáo)
- 羽毛書/羽毛书
- 羽毛未豐/羽毛未丰
- 羽毛球 (yǔmáoqiú)
- 羽毛衣
- 羽毛豐滿/羽毛丰满
- 羽氅
- 羽民
- 羽民國/羽民国
- 羽流
- 羽淵/羽渊
- 羽爵
- 羽物
- 羽狀脈/羽状脉
- 羽狀複葉/羽状复叶
- 羽獸/羽兽
- 羽獵/羽猎
- 羽球 (yǔqiú)
- 羽畎
- 羽皮
- 羽磬
- 羽窟
- 羽節/羽节
- 羽箭
- 羽籥
- 羽紗/羽纱 (yǔshā)
- 羽絨/羽绒 (yǔróng)
- 羽緞/羽缎
- 羽纛
- 羽群
- 羽翅
- 羽翎
- 羽翔
- 羽翟
- 羽翣
- 羽翮
- 羽翰
- 羽翮已就
- 羽翮飛肉/羽翮飞肉
- 羽翼 (yǔyì)
- 羽翼已成
- 羽翼既成
- 羽翿/羽𰭣
- 羽聲/羽声
- 羽舞
- 羽葆
- 羽葆幢
- 羽蓋/羽盖
- 羽蓋車/羽盖车
- 羽蛾 (yǔ'é)
- 羽蟲/羽虫
- 羽衛/羽卫
- 羽衣 (yǔyī)
- 羽袍
- 羽裳
- 羽褐
- 羽觥
- 羽觴/羽觞
- 羽觴隨波/羽觞随波
- 羽蹈烈火
- 羽車/羽车
- 羽輪/羽轮
- 羽鄉/羽乡
- 羽量級/羽量级
- 羽釵/羽钗
- 羽鏃/羽镞
- 羽鑽/羽钻
- 羽陵
- 羽隊/羽队
- 羽類/羽类
- 羽駕/羽驾
- 羽騎/羽骑
- 羽鱗/羽鳞
- 羽鷁/羽鹢
- 羽黨/羽党
- 翅羽
- 翎羽
- 翠羽
- 翠羽帳/翠羽帐
- 翠羽明珠
- 翠羽明璫/翠羽明珰
- 翠羽蓋/翠羽盖
- 翠羽被
- 翻羽
- 脫羽/脱羽 (tuōyú)
- 膠羽/胶羽
- 自惜羽毛
- 舞羽
- 芥羽
- 葆羽
- 落羽
- 蜉蝣羽
- 蝣羽
- 蝶羽
- 螽斯振羽
- 螽羽
- 螽羽詵詵/螽羽诜诜
- 被羽
- 解羽
- 討羽/讨羽
- 調羽/调羽
- 變羽/变羽
- 豐羽/丰羽
- 豺羽
- 貂羽
- 負羽/负羽
- 赤羽
- 車羽/车羽
- 輕羽/轻羽
- 迅羽
- 逸羽
- 還羽/还羽
- 酌羽
- 金門羽客/金门羽客
- 鉤金輿羽/钩金舆羽
- 銀杯羽化/银杯羽化
- 銅羽/铜羽
- 銜羽/衔羽
- 錦羽/锦羽
- 鏃礪括羽/镞砺括羽
- 鎩羽/铩羽 (shāyǔ)
- 鎩羽暴鱗/铩羽暴鳞
- 鎩羽涸鱗/铩羽涸鳞
- 鎩羽而歸/铩羽而归 (shāyǔ'érguī)
- 鑽皮出羽/钻皮出羽
- 關羽髯/关羽髯
- 陸羽/陆羽
- 陸羽井/陆羽井
- 陸羽泉/陆羽泉
- 陸羽茶/陆羽茶
- 陽羽/阳羽
- 隱鱗戢羽/隐鳞戢羽
- 雉羽
- 雪羽
- 零光片羽
- 霓裳羽衣 (Níchángyǔyī)
- 靈羽/灵羽
- 順羽/顺羽
- 項羽吟/项羽吟
- 項羽堆/项羽堆
- 頓羽/顿羽
- 風羽/风羽
- 飛書傳羽/飞书传羽
- 飛羽/飞羽
- 飲羽/饮羽
- 飾羽/饰羽
- 養羽/养羽
- 馴羽/驯羽
- 驚羽/惊羽
- 高羽
- 鬥羽/斗羽
- 鮮羽/鲜羽
- 鱗羽/鳞羽
- 鳳羽/凤羽
- 鴆羽/鸩羽
- 鴇羽/鸨羽
- 鴳羽/𫛩羽
- 鴻羽/鸿羽
- 鴻衣羽裳/鸿衣羽裳
- 鵲羽/鹊羽
- 鵷羽/鹓羽
- 鶴羽/鹤羽
- 鷺羽/鹭羽
- 鷲羽/鹫羽
- 黨羽/党羽 (dǎngyǔ)
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]trad. | 羽 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 羽 |
Based on a commentary to the following passage from the Kao Gong Ji in the Rites of Zhou by the Eastern Han scholar Zheng Xuan (鄭玄, 127–200): 「弓而羽閷,末應將發。」 The Tang-era scholar Jia Gongyan (賈公彥) considers Zheng's reading as 破讀/破读 (pòdú, “isolated instance of unusual pronunciation”). The textual quality of the passage, along with the meaning of the Zheng–Jia commentaries, has been called into question.[1][2]
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: hù
- Wade–Giles: hu4
- Yale: hù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huh
- Palladius: ху (xu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xu⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
[edit]羽
References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “羽”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai | 羽 | |
Kyūjitai [1] |
羽 羽 or 羽+ ︀ ?
|
|
羽󠄀 羽+ 󠄀 ?(Adobe-Japan1) | ||
羽󠄃 羽+ 󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]- Go-on: う (u, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: う (u, Jōyō)
- Kun: は (ha, 羽, Jōyō)、はね (hane, 羽, Jōyō)、やばね (yabane, 羽)、わ (wa, 羽)
- Nanori: しゅう (shū)、は (ha)、ば (ba)、はね (hane)、わね (wane)
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
羽 |
はね Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spellings |
---|
羽根 羽子 翅 |
Appears in the Wamyō Ruijushō of 938 CE.[2]
Compound of 羽 (ha, “feather”, see below) + 根 (ne, “root”), originally referring specifically to where the quill of a feather attaches to the skin. Over time, the meaning broadened to refer to a feather, and from there, to refer to a wing.[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- (archaic) the portion of a feather where the quill attaches to the skin
- a feather, down, plume
- Synonym: 羽毛 (umō)
- a wing (as of a bird, bat, insect, or airplane)
- Synonym: 翼 (tsubasa)
- a fletching on an arrow
- a shuttlecock
- Synonym: 羽子 (hago)
- a blade (of a fan)
Derived terms
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]- a female given name
- a surname
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
羽 |
は Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese.
May be cognate with 葉 (ha, “leaf”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- a feather (including synthetic feathers, as on a modern shuttlecock)
- a wing (as of a bird, bat, insect, or airplane)
- Synonym: 翼 (tsubasa)
- a fletching on an arrow
- (archery) when a bow is strung, the distance between the grip and the serving (nocking point) on the bowstring
- the thin, flange-like overhanging part of a tea ceremony kettle
- Short for 羽振り (haburi): This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
. - a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with various designs of bird feathers
Derived terms
[edit]Idioms
[edit]- 羽が利く (ha ga kiku)
Counter
[edit]羽 or 羽 or 羽 or 羽 • (-ha or -ba or -pa or -wa)
Usage notes
[edit]When suffixed, the -ha changes to either ば (-ba) or ぱ (-pa) due to rendaku (連濁), or わ (-wa) due to ハ行転呼音 (ha-gyō tenkoon, “historical ha-column sound shift”), as in /-p-/ → /-ɸ-/ → /-w-/.
Derived terms
[edit]Japanese number-counter combinations for 羽 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
一羽 (ichiwa) | 二羽 (niwa) | 三羽 (sanwa) 三羽 (sanba) |
四羽 (yonwa) 四羽 (yowa) 四羽 (yonba) |
五羽 (gowa) |
6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
六羽 (rokuwa) 六羽 (roppa) |
七羽 (nanawa) 七羽 (shichiwa) |
八羽 (hachiwa) 八羽 (happa) |
九羽 (kyūwa) | 十羽 (jūwa) 十羽 (juppa) 十羽 (jippa) |
100 | 1,000 | 10,000 | How many? | |
百羽 (hyakuwa) 百羽 (hyappa) |
千羽 (senwa) 千羽 (senba) |
一万羽 (ichimanwa) 一万羽 (ichimanba) |
何羽 (nanwa) 何羽 (nanba) |
Etymology 3
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
羽 |
う Grade: 2 |
on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 羽 (MC hjuX|hjuH).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Affix
[edit]- wing (of a bird or insect)
- (historical) Short for 出羽国 (Dewa-no-kuni): Dewa Province
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ “羽”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Old Japanese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]First attested in the Kojiki (712 CE).
Possibly cognate with 葉 (pa, “leaf”).
Noun
[edit]羽 (pa) (kana は)
- a feather, down, plume
- c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 20, poem 4494:
- 水鳥乃可毛羽能伊呂乃青馬乎家布美流比等波可芸利奈之等伊布
- mi1duto2ri no2 kamopa no2 iro2 no2 awouma wo ke1pu mi1ru hi1to2 pa kagi1ri nasi to2 ipu
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- a wing (of an insect)
- c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 3, poem 376:
- 秋津羽之袖振妹乎珠匣奥尓念乎見賜吾君
- akidupa no2 so1de puru imo wo tamakusige2 oku ni omopu wo mi1tamape1 waga ki1mi1
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- a fletching on an arrow
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Japanese: 羽 (は, ha, ば, -ba, ぱ, -pa, わ, -wa)
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Zhuang
[edit]Noun
[edit]羽
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