刻

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刻 U+523B, 刻
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-523B
← 刺
[U+523A]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 刼 →
[U+523C]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
8 strokes

Han character[edit]

刻 (radical 18 刀+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜人中弓 (YOLN), four-corner 02800, composition ⿰亥刂)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 139, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1970
  • Dae Jaweon: page 316, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 337, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+523B

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 刻

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (亥) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
該 *kɯː
垓 *kɯː
賅 *kɯː
陔 *kɯː
豥 *kɯː, *ɡɯː
荄 *kɯː, *krɯː
郂 *kɯː
姟 *kɯː
絯 *kɯː, *ɡrɯːʔ
晐 *kɯː
峐 *kɯː
侅 *kɯː, *kʰɯː, *ɡɯːʔ, *ɡrɯːʔ
胲 *kɯː
頦 *kɯːʔ, *ɡɯː
奒 *kʰɯː
輆 *kʰɯːʔ
欬 *kʰɯːɡs, *qraːds
硋 *ŋɡɯːɡs
閡 *ŋɡɯːɡs
咳 *qʰɯː, *ɡɯː
孩 *ɡɯː
亥 *ɡɯːʔ
劾 *ɡɯːɡs, *kʰrɯːɡs, *ɡɯːɡ
痎 *krɯː
烗 *kʰrɯːɡs
骸 *ɡrɯː
駭 *ɡrɯːʔ
刻 *kʰɯːɡ
餩 *qɯːɡ
核 *ɡuːd, *ɡrɯːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kʰɯːɡ): phonetic 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ) + semantic 刀.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 刻
Mandarin Beijing /kʰɤ⁵¹/
Harbin /kʰei²¹³/
/kʰɤ⁴⁴/
/kʰɤ⁵³/
Tianjin /kʰɤ⁴⁵/
Jinan /kʰə²¹/
/kʰei²¹³/
Qingdao /kʰə⁵⁵/
/kʰe⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /kʰɤ²⁴/
Xi'an /kʰei²¹/
Xining /kʰɨ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /kʰa¹³/
/kʰə¹³/
Lanzhou /kʰə¹³/
Ürümqi /kʰɤ²¹³/
/kʰei⁴⁴/
Wuhan /kʰɤ²¹³/
Chengdu /kʰe³¹/
Guiyang /kʰɛ²¹/
Kunming /kʰə³¹/
Nanjing /kʰəʔ⁵/
Hefei /kʰɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /kʰəʔ²/
Pingyao /kʰʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /kʰaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /kʰəʔ⁵/
Suzhou /kʰəʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /kʰɑʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /kʰe²¹³/
Hui Shexian /kʰeʔ²¹/
Tunxi /kʰə⁵/
Xiang Changsha /kʰə²⁴/
Xiangtan /kʰæ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /kʰiɛʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /kʰet̚¹/
Taoyuan /kʰet̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /hɐk̚⁵/
/hak̚⁵/
Nanning /kʰɐk̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /hɐk̚⁵/
/hak̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kʰik̚³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kʰaiʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kʰɛ²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kʰek̚²/
Haikou (Min Nan) /xak̚⁵/ 雕～
/xɔk̚⁵/ 一～
Rime
Character 刻
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 德 (131)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 苦得切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kʰək̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kʰək̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kʰək̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kʰək̚/
Li
Rong		 /kʰək̚/
Wang
Li		 /kʰək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kʰək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 ke
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 刻
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 kè
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ khok ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[kʰ]ˤək/
English cut, engrave

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 刻
Reading # 1/1
No. 4840
Phonetic
component		 亥
Rime
group		 職
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 刻
Old
Chinese		 /*kʰɯːɡ/

Definitions[edit]

刻

  1. to carve; to cut a notch; to engrave
    刻舟求劍 / 刻舟求剑  ―  kèzhōuqiújiàn  ―  notch the boat in search of the sword
  2. to draw; to adorn
  3. to cut; to scratch
  4. to rigorously demand
  5. to restrict; to limit
  6. to damage; to prejudice
  7. to engrave on one's mind
  8. unkind; sarcastic; caustic
  9. urgent; pressing
  10. assiduous; diligent
  11. moment in time
    此刻  ―  cǐkè  ―  now [lit. this moment]
  12. (of time) quarter of an hour

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 刻

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

刻

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

刻 • (gak) (hangeul 각, revised gak, McCune-Reischauer kak)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

刻 (khắc, gắt, khắt, khấc, lắc)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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