kettle

See also: Kettle

English

Tea kettle

Pronunciation

• enPR: kĕt'(ə)l, IPA^(key): /ˈkɛ.təl/, [ˈkʰɛtᵊɫ̩]

  • Audio (UK):

    (file)

• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈkɛ.təl/, [ˈkʰɛɾɫ̩]

  • Audio (US):

    (file)

• (dated, regional US) IPA^(key): /ˈkɪtəl/
• (South Asia) IPA^(key): /ˈkɛʈɪl/, /-əl/
• Rhymes: -ɛtəl

Etymology 1

From Middle English ketel, also chetel, from Old English ċietel (“kettle, cauldron”) and in Middle English possibly influenced by Old Norse ketill and both from Proto-Germanic *katilaz (“kettle, bucket, vessel”), of uncertain origin and formation. Usually regarded as a borrowing of Late Latin catīllus (“small bowl”), diminutive of Latin catinus (“deep bowl, vessel for cooking up or serving food”), however, the word may be Germanic confused with the Latin: compare Old English cete (“cooking pot”), Old High German chezzi (“a kettle, dish, bowl”), Icelandic kati, ketla (“a small boat”). Cognate with West Frisian tsjettel (“kettle”), Dutch ketel (“kettle”), German Kessel (“kettle”), Swedish kittel (“cauldron, kettle”), Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌻𐍃 (katils, “kettle”), Finnish kattila, Polish kocioł (“cauldron”), Czech kotel (“boiler”), Russian котёл (kotjól, “boiler, cauldron”).

(watch): Cockney rhyming slang from 'kettle and hob' to 'fob' (fob watch).

Noun

kettle (plural kettles)

2. (cooking) A vessel for boiling a liquid or cooking food, usually metal and equipped with a lid.

   Hypernym: vessel

   Coordinate terms: pot, cookpot, cooking pot, saucepan, pan, copper, cauldron, spider

   To cook pasta, you first need to put the kettle on.

   There's a hot kettle of soup on the stove.

3. The quantity held by a kettle.
5. A vessel or appliance used to boil water for the preparation of hot beverages and other foodstuffs.

   Synonym: teakettle

   Stick the kettle on and we'll have a nice cup of tea.

6. (geology) A kettle hole, sometimes any pothole.
8. (ornithology, collective) A group of raptors swirling and spiraling upward as they ride a thermal, especially when migrating.

   a kettle of hawks

   • 2010, Jean-Luc E. Cartron, Raptors of New Mexico:

     Kettles can consist of thousands of birds migrating together.

   • 2012, Pete Dunne, David Sibley, Clay Sutton, Hawks in Flight‎^[2], HarperCollins:

     the "River of Raptors" - an enormous kettle of hawks - circles over Cardel, in Veracruz, Mexico, in early October

   • 1996, Clay Sutton, Patricia Sutton, How to Spot Hawks and Eagles‎^[3], Houghton Mifflin, page 30:

     then a pure Swainsons's hawk kettle of about 50 birds

   • 2012, Laur Erickson, Betsy Bowen, Hawk Ridge‎^[4], University of Minnesota Press, page 3:

     When one hawk discovers a thermal, others notice its spiraling flight and join it, not out of any sense of sociability but because rising on a thermal and gliding to the next saves the energy of flapping on a long flight. Groups of hawks all spiraling on the same thermal are called kettles.

9. (rail transport, slang) A steam locomotive.
10. (music) A kettledrum.
11. An instance of kettling; a group of protesters or rioters confined in a limited area.
12. (slang) A watch (timepiece).
13. A bucket for holding a quantity of paint during the painting process.
15. (military) A type of encirclement.

    Near-synonym: cauldron

17. (figurative) Ellipsis of kettle of fish.

    Near-synonyms: cauldron, pickle; see also Thesaurus:difficult situation

    Well, we're really in a kettle now, aren't we?

Usage notes

In most varieties of English outside the United States (UK, Irish, Australian, New Zealand, Canadian), if not specified otherwise, kettle usually refers to a vessel or appliance used to boil water.

Derived terms

• a watched kettle never boils
• cat calling the kettle black
• cheese kettle
• coffee-kettle
• fish kettle
• giant kettle
• giant's kettle
• Kelly Kettle
• kettlebell
• kettlebelly
• kettle bottom
• kettle cable
• kettle chip
• kettle corn
• kettle drum
• kettle-drum
• kettleful
• kettle fur collector
• kettle hat
• kettle helmet
• kettle hole
• kettle lake
• kettle lead
• kettlelike
• kettle logic
• kettle of fish
• kettle-pin
• kettler
• kettle stitch
• kettle trap
• lunch kettle
• potash kettle
• pot calling the kettle black
• storm in a tea-kettle
• tea-kettle
• teakettle, tea kettle
• tempest in a tea-kettle

Descendants

• → Brunei Malay: kitil
• → Persian: کتری (ketri)
• → Bengali: কেটলি (keṭli)
• → Hindi: केतली (ketlī)
• → Gujarati: કીટલી (kīṭlī)
• → Irish: citeal
• → Maltese: kitla
• → Zulu: igedlela

Translations

vessel for boiling a liquid or cooking food

• Afrikaans: ketel
• Albanian: kazan (sq) m
• Amharic: ኬት (ket)
• Arabic: غَلَّايَة f (ḡallāya)

  Hijazi Arabic: غلاية f (ḡallāya)

• Armenian: կաթսա (hy) (katʻsa)
• Azerbaijani: qazan (az), çaydan, çaynik
• Bashkir: (tea) сәйнүк (säynük), (soup) кәстрүл (kästrül)
• Belarusian: ча́йнік (čájnik), кацёл m (kacjól)
• Bengali: কেটলি (bn) (keṭli)
• Bikol:

  Central Bikol: takuri (bcl)

• Bulgarian: ча́йник (bg) m (čájnik)
• Burmese: ရေနွေးအိုး (my) (re-nwe:ui:)
• Catalan: caldera (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 水壺 / 水壶 (seoi² wu^4-2)

  Mandarin: 水壺 / 水壶 (zh) (shuǐhú), 壺 / 壶 (zh) (hú)

• Czech: kotel (cs) m
• Danish: kedel c
• Dutch: ketel (nl) c
• Esperanto: bolkruĉo
• Estonian: katel (et), kann (et)
• Evenki: kalan
• Faroese: ketil m
• Finnish: kattila (fi)
• French: bouilloire (fr) f
• Frisian:

  North Frisian: sedel m (Föhr-Amrum), Serel c (Sylt)

  Old Frisian: sthitil

  West Frisian: tsjettel

• Georgian: საქვაბე (sakvabe), ქვაბი (ka) (kvabi), ქეთლი (ka) (ketli), ჩაიდანი (ka) (čaidani)
• German: Kessel (de) m, Kochtopf (de) m
• Greek: χύτρα (el) f (chýtra), κατσαρόλα (el) f (katsaróla)
• Gujarati: કીટલી f (kīṭlī)
• Hausa: būtā̀ f
• Hebrew: קוּמְקוּם (he) m (qumqúm)
• Hindi: केतली (hi) f (ketlī)
• Hmong:

  White Hmong: hwj

• Hungarian: kanna (hu), vízforraló kanna, teafőző (hu), vízforraló (hu), üst (hu), bogrács (hu), ^{(please verify)} fazék (hu)
• Icelandic: ketill (is) m
• Indonesian: ketel (id)
• Irish: citeal (ga) m
• Italian: bollitore (it) m, cucuma (it) f, pentola (it) f
• Japanese: 薬缶 (ja) (やかん, yakan)
• Kannada: ಕೆಟಲ್ (keṭal)
• Kashmiri: کِتٕلؠ (kitụl')
• Kazakh: қазан (kk) (qazan), шәйнек (kk) (šäynek), құман (quman)
• Khmer: ឆ្នាំង (km) (chnang)
• Kom (Cameroon): ngɨ̀ (kettle made from a calabash)
• Korean: 주전자(酒煎子) (ko) (jujeonja)
• Kyrgyz: казан (ky) (kazan), чайнек (ky) (caynek), чөөгүн (ky) (cöögün)
• Lao: ນໍ້າມັນ (nam man)
• Latgalian: kotlys
• Latin: cortīna f, cucuma f
• Latvian: katls
• Lithuanian: virdulys m
• Lü: please add this translation if you can
• Macedonian: чајник m (čajnik), котле n (kotle)
• Malay: ketel

  Brunei Malay: kitil

• Maltese: kitla f
• Māori: tīkera
• Marathi: किटली (kiṭlī)
• Middle English: caudroun, ketel
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: данх (mn) (danx)

• Nanai: qalä
• Norman: ticl'ye m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: kjele m

• Occitan: pairòl (oc) m
• Ojibwe: akik
• Old English: ċietel m
• Old Norse: ketill m
• Persian:

  Dari: چای‌جوش (čây-jôš)

  Iranian Persian: کِتْری (ketri)

• Plautdietsch: Grope m
• Polish: czajnik (pl) m, kocioł (pl) m
• Portuguese: chaleira (pt) f, bule (pt) m
• Romanian: ceainic (ro) n
• Russian: котёл (ru) m (kotjól), ча́йник (ru) m (čájnik) (teakettle)
• Scottish Gaelic: coire m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ко̀тао m, ка̀зан m, ча̑јнӣк m

  Latin: kòtao (sh) m, kàzan (sh) m, čȃjnīk (sh) m

• Sinhalese: කේතලය (kētalaya)
• Slovak: kotol m
• Slovene: kotel (sl) m
• Somali: kirliga
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: kóśeł m

• Sotho: ketlele
• Spanish: caldera (es) f, calentador (es) f, pava (es) f
• Sranan Tongo: ketre
• Swahili: birika (sw) class 5/6
• Swedish: kittel (sv) c
• Tagalog: takuri, kawa (tl)
• Tajik: чойник (tg) (čoynik), чойҷӯш (čoyjüš)
• Tamil: கெண்டி (ta) (keṇṭi)
• Tatar: чәйнек (tt) (çäynek)
• Tày: ẩm, pao
• Telugu: కేటిల్ (kēṭil)
• Thai: กา (th) (gaa)
• Tibetan: ཁོག་ལྟིར (khog ltir)
• Turkish: kazan (tr), kettle (tr), ketıl, su ısıtıcısı (tr)

  Ottoman Turkish: قزان (kazan)

• Turkmen: çäýnek
• Ukrainian: ча́йник m (čájnyk), коте́л m (kotél)
• Unami: wekathus
• Urdu: کیتْلی f (ketlī)
• Uyghur: چۆگۈن (chögün), چەينەك (cheynek)
• Uzbek: chovgun (uz), choynak (uz)
• Vietnamese: ấm (vi), bình đun siêu tốc
• Walloon: cocmwår (wa) m
• Welsh: tegell f
• Yakut: чаанньык (čaanňïk)

quantity held by a kettle

• Finnish: kattilallinen, pannullinen (fi)
• Greek: χύτρα (el) f (chýtra), κατσαρόλα (el) f (katsaróla)
• Hungarian: kanna (hu), fazék (hu), kannányi, fazéknyi
• Macedonian: чајник m (čajnik), котле n (kotle)
• Russian: котёл (ru) m (kotjól)
• Scottish Gaelic: coire m
• Vietnamese: ấm (vi)

teakettle — see teakettle

pothole — see pothole

group of raptors

• Finnish: parvi (fi)

steam locomotive — see steam locomotive

kettledrum — see kettledrum

kettle hole — see kettle hole

See also

• (difficult situation): out of the frying pan, into the fire

Verb

kettle (third-person singular simple present kettles, present participle kettling, simple past and past participle kettled)

1. (originally UK, of the police) To contain demonstrators in a confined area.
   • 2009 April 2, John O'Connor, “G20: The upside of kettling: The Guardian”, in The Guardian‎^[5]:

     Life for senior officers has been made much easier by the use of counter-terrorism powers, which enable them to contain demonstrators for hours in a confined spot. This tactic, known as kettling, is seen by some as an attempt to prevent people lawfully demonstrating.

   • 2011 October 12, Gregory Djerejian, “This Ain't No Tea Party: A Conservative Defense of Occupy Wall Street”, in The Atlantic‎^[6]:

     A couple of the initial pepper spray incidents went viral on YouTube, one showing very young women screaming hysterically while penned—or is the term for this ‘kettled’?—by bright orange police mesh.

2. (intransitive) Of a boiler: to make a whistling sound like the boiling of a kettle, indicative of various types of fault.

Translations

to contain demonstrators

• French: nasser (fr)

Further reading

• kettle on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• kettle (birds) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 2

Noun

kettle (plural kettles)

1. Alternative form of kiddle (“kind of fishweir”).

Turkish

Alternative forms

• ketıl

Etymology

Etymology tree

substratebor.?

Proto-Indo-European *ket-der.?

Latin catīnus

Proto-Indo-European *-lós

Proto-Indo-European *-elós

Proto-Italic *-elos

Latin -lus

Latin catīllusbor.?

Proto-Germanic *katilaz

Proto-West Germanic *katil

Old English ċietel

▲

Old Norse ketillinflu.

Middle English ketel

English kettleubor.

Turkish kettle

Unadapted borrowing from English kettle.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈce.tɯɫ/

Noun

kettle (definite accusative kettleı, plural kettlelar)

1. kettle (vessel for boiling a liquid or cooking food)

   Synonyms: kazan, ketıl, su ısıtıcısı, su kaynatıcısı

Declension

Declension of kettle

singular plural nominative kettle kettlelar definite accusative kettleı kettleları dative kettlea kettlelara locative kettleda kettlelarda ablative kettledan kettlelardan genitive kettleın kettleların Possessive forms nominative singular plural 1st singular kettleım kettlelarım 2nd singular kettleın kettleların 3rd singular kettleı kettleları 1st plural kettleımız kettlelarımız 2nd plural kettleınız kettlelarınız 3rd plural kettleları kettleları definite accusative singular plural 1st singular kettleımı kettlelarımı 2nd singular kettleını kettlelarını 3rd singular kettleını kettlelarını 1st plural kettleımızı kettlelarımızı 2nd plural kettleınızı kettlelarınızı 3rd plural kettlelarını kettlelarını dative singular plural 1st singular kettleıma kettlelarıma 2nd singular kettleına kettlelarına 3rd singular kettleına kettlelarına 1st plural kettleımıza kettlelarımıza 2nd plural kettleınıza kettlelarınıza 3rd plural kettlelarına kettlelarına locative singular plural 1st singular kettleımda kettlelarımda 2nd singular kettleında kettlelarında 3rd singular kettleında kettlelarında 1st plural kettleımızda kettlelarımızda 2nd plural kettleınızda kettlelarınızda 3rd plural kettlelarında kettlelarında ablative singular plural 1st singular kettleımdan kettlelarımdan 2nd singular kettleından kettlelarından 3rd singular kettleından kettlelarından 1st plural kettleımızdan kettlelarımızdan 2nd plural kettleınızdan kettlelarınızdan 3rd plural kettlelarından kettlelarından genitive singular plural 1st singular kettleımın kettlelarımın 2nd singular kettleının kettlelarının 3rd singular kettleının kettlelarının 1st plural kettleımızın kettlelarımızın 2nd plural kettleınızın kettlelarınızın 3rd plural kettlelarının kettlelarının