脊

脊 U+810A, 脊 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-810A ← 脉 [U+8109] CJK Unified Ideographs 脋 → [U+810B]

Translingual

Han character

脊 (radical 130, 肉+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 火金月 (FCB), four-corner 1122₇)

Derived characters

• 塉 嵴 膌 蹐 𦢡 𦢢 䰪 鶺(鹡) 瘠

References

• KangXi: page 982, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29472
• Dae Jaweon: page 1434, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2070, character 10
• Unihan data for U+810A

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Chinese

trad.		脊
simp. #		脊

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 脊
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (脊) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
脊	*ʔseɡ
蹐	*ʔseɡ
鶺	*ʔseɡ
塉	*zeɡ
瘠	*zeɡ
膌	*zeɡ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jǐ, jí (ji³, ji²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˇ, ㄐㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zek³, zik³
• Jin (Wiktionary): jieh⁴
• Min Nan (POJ): chiak / chek / chit / chiah
• Xiang (Wiktionary): zi⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese and Beijing dialect)⁺
    • Pinyin: jǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˇ
    • Wade–Giles: chi3
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jii
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jǐ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi²¹⁴/
      
  • (Beijing dialect)⁺
    • Pinyin: jí
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ
    • Wade–Giles: chi2
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jí
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zek³, zik³
    • Yale: jek, jik
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzek⁸, dzik⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: zég³, jig³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛːk̚³/, /t͡sɪk̚³/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: jieh⁴
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiəʔ²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiak
    • Tâi-lô: tsiak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ciag
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕiak̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chek
    • Tâi-lô: tsik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zeg
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /t͡ɕiɪk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chit
    • Tâi-lô: tsit
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cid
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕit̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕit̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiah
    • Tâi-lô: tsiah
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ciaq
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiaʔ³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕiaʔ⁵/

Note:

• chiak/chek - literary;
• chit/chiah - vernacular.

Xiang

• (Changsha)
  • Wiktionary: zi⁶
  • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /t͡si²⁴/
  • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡ɕi²⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /t͡siᴇk̚/

Rime
Character	脊
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	昔 (123)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	資昔切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡siᴇk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡siɛk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡siæk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡siajk̚/
Li Rong	/t͡siɛk̚/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭɛk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡si̯ɛk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ji
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zik1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ek/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔseɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	脊
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ tsjek ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ek/
English	spine, backbone
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	脊
Reading #	1/1
No.	5782
Phonetic component	脊
Rime group	錫
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	積
Old Chinese	/*ʔseɡ/

Definitions

脊

1. (anatomy) spine; backbone
2. (of terrain, rooms, etc.) ridgeline; ridge; spine; ridge beam
3. (of books, knives, etc.) spine
4. A surname​.

Compounds

• 世界屋脊 (shìjiè wūjǐ)
• 中洋脊
• 光脊梁
• 單斜脊／单斜脊
• 地脊
• 屋脊 (wūjǐ)
• 山脊 (shānjǐ)
• 戳脊梁骨
• 房脊 (fángjǐ)
• 打脊
• 打脊匹夫
• 打脊魍魎／打脊魍魉
• 書脊／书脊 (shūjǐ)
• 沒脊梁／没脊梁

• 沒脊骨／没脊骨
• 磨脊梁
• 背脊 (bèijǐ)
• 胸脊
• 脊令在原
• 脊杖
• 脊柱 (jǐzhù)
• 脊梁
• 脊梁骨
• 脊椎 (jǐzhuī)
• 脊椎動物／脊椎动物 (jǐzhuī dòngwù)
• 脊椎骨 (jǐzhuīgǔ)
• 脊檁／脊檩

• 脊百合
• 脊神經／脊神经 (jǐshénjīng)
• 脊索 (jǐsuǒ)
• 脊索動物／脊索动物 (jǐsuǒ dòngwù)
• 脊背 (jǐbèi)
• 脊醫／脊医 (jǐyī)
• 脊髓 (jǐsuǐ)
• 花屋脊 (Huāwūjǐ)
• 裡脊肉／里脊肉 (lǐjiròu)
• 豎起脊梁／竖起脊梁
• 躥房越脊／蹿房越脊
• 露脊鯨／露脊鲸
• 飛簷走脊／飞檐走脊

References

• “脊”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

脊

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. height, stature

Readings

• Go-on: しゃく (shaku)
• Kan-on: せき (seki, Jōyō)
• Kun: せ (se, 脊); せい (sei, 脊)

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Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 脊 (MC t͡siᴇk̚). Recorded as Middle Korean 쳑〮 (Yale: chyek) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

脊 (eumhun 등마루 척 (deungmaru cheok))

1. Hanja form^? of 척 (“spine; backbone”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 척수 (脊髓, cheoksu)
• 척추 (脊椎, cheokchu)
• 척골 (脊骨, cheokgol)
• 척량 (脊梁, cheongnyang)
• 척삭동물 (脊索動物, cheoksakdongmul)
• 척추동물 (脊椎動物, cheokchudongmul)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

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Vietnamese

Han character

脊: Hán Nôm readings: tích

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.