Translingual [ edit ]
Stroke order
Stroke order
Han character [ edit ]
背 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉 +5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 中心月 (LPB ), four-corner 11227 , composition ⿱北 月 (G J K ) or ⿱北 ⺼ (H T ))
References [ edit ]
KangXi: page 977 , character 21
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29363
Dae Jaweon: page 1429, character 11
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2058, character 4
Unihan data for U+80CC
Chinese [ edit ]
Glyph origin [ edit ]
Old Chinese
背
*pɯːɡs, *bɯːɡs
鄁
*bɯːɡs
偝
*bɯːɡs
邶
*bɯːɡs
苝
*bɯːɡs
北
*pɯːɡ
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 , OC *pɯːɡs, *bɯːɡs ): phonetic 北 ( OC *pɯːɡ) + semantic 月 ( “ meat ” ) . Semantic 肉 was added to be distinguished from the derived meaning of 北 (“north”).
Etymology [ edit ]
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ba ( “ to carry (on back), shoulder ” ) .
Two pronunciations were distinguished in Middle Chinese: puʌiH ( “ back ” ) , buʌiH ( “ to turn one's back to; to betray ” ) .
Pronunciation 1 [ edit ]
Note :
bui3 - “back; to betray; to violate”;
bui6 - “to recite; unlucky; out of touch”.
Hakka
Min Bei
Min Dong
Min Nan
Note :
pōe - literary;
pēr/pē - vernacular.
Note : bu3 - alternative pronunciation when meaning "backside" (e.g.
手背 ,
刀背 ).
Note :
2pe - noun (“back”);
3be - verb (“to betray; to recite”).
Xiang
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
背
背
Reading #
1/2
2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
bèi
bèi
Middle Chinese
‹ bwojH ›
‹ pwojH ›
Old Chinese
/*m-pˁək-s/
/*pˁək-s/
English
turn the back on
the back
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
背
背
Reading #
1/2
2/2
No.
408
409
Phonetic component
北
北
Rime group
代
代
Rime subdivision
0
0
Corresponding MC rime
背
佩
Old Chinese
/*pɯːɡs/
/*bɯːɡs/
Definitions [ edit ]
背
( anatomy ) back
捶背 ― chuíbèi ― to give a back massage
馬背 / 马背 ― mǎbèi ― horseback
back ; backside ; reverse side
手背 ― shǒubèi ― back of the hand
紙背 / 纸背 ― zhǐbèi ― back of a piece of paper
to leave ; to abandon
背 井離鄉 / 背 井离乡 ― bèi jǐnglíxiāng ― to leave one's native place and move elsewhere
to back onto
背 著 太陽 坐 / 背 着 太阳 坐 ― bèi zhe tàiyáng zuò ― to sit with one's back to the sun
背 山 面 海 ― bèi shān miàn hǎi ― backing on to a mountain and facing the sea
to betray
to do something behind one's back ; to hide something from someone
男朋友 背 著 我 和 其他 女生 聊天 。 [MSC , trad. ] 男朋友 背 着 我 和 其他 女生 聊天 。 [MSC , simp. ] Nánpéngyǒu bèi zhe wǒ hé qítā nǚshēng liáotiān. [Pinyin] My boyfriend chats with other girls behind my back.
to deviate ; to go contrary to; to violate
背 約 / 背 约 ― bèi yuē ― to break one’s promise
背 著 良心 說話 / 背 着 良心 说话 ― bèi zhe liángxīn shuōhuà ― to speak against one's conscience
to memorize ; to recite
這 篇 文章 寫 得 多 棒 啊 ,背 下來 。 [MSC , trad. ] 这 篇 文章 写 得 多 棒 啊 ,背 下来 。 [MSC , simp. ] Zhè piān wénzhāng xiěde duō bàng a, bèi xiàlái. [Pinyin] How excellently written is this article! Memorize it.
你 背 唐詩 背 了 多少 首 ? [MSC , trad. ] 你 背 唐诗 背 了 多少 首 ? [MSC , simp. ] Nǐ bèi Tángshī bèi le duōshǎo shǒu? [Pinyin] How many Tang poems have you memorized ?
unlucky ; out of luck
hard of hearing
耳朵 有點兒 背 / 耳朵 有点儿 背 ― ěrduo yǒudiǎnr bèi ― to be a bit hard of hearing
remote ; out-of-the-way
Synonyms [ edit ]
Dialectal synonyms of
背 (“back (of the body)”)
[map]
Variety
Location
Words
Classical Chinese
背
Formal (Written Standard Chinese )
背 , 背部 , 背脊 , 脊背 , 後背
Mandarin
Beijing
後脊樑 , 脊樑
Taiwan
背
Ulanhot
背
Tongliao
背
Chifeng
背
Bayanhot
背 , 脊背 , 脊樑
Hulunbuir (Hailar)
背
Harbin
背 , 後背 , 後脊樑 , 脊樑
Muping
脊樑桿子 , 脊樑 , 脊樑蓋子
Jinan
脊樑
Luoyang
脊樑
Wanrong
脊背
Zhengzhou
脊樑
Xi'an
脊背
Yinchuan
脊樑
Lanzhou
脊背
Xining
脊背
Ürümqi
脊背 , 脊樑
Wuhan
背心 , 背
Chengdu
背
Guiyang
背
Liuzhou
背 , 脊樑
Xuzhou
後筋股 , 筋股 , 後脊樑股 , 脊樑股
Yangzhou
脊背 , 脊樑 , 背
Nanjing
脊背 , 脊背心
Hefei
脊背 , 背 , 後背心
Yanping
背子
Cantonese
Guangzhou
背脊 , 背脢
Hong Kong
背脊
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
背脊 , 背樑 , 背裡
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
背裡脊
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
背脊
Zhongshan (Shiqi)
背脢
Yangjiang
背脊
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
背脊
Gan
Nanchang
背脊
Lichuan
背脊
Pingxiang
背脊 , 背
Hakka
Meixian
背囊 , 背脊
Xingning
背囊
Huidong (Daling)
背囊脊
Wuhua (Shuizhai)
背囊
Wuhua (Huacheng)
背囊
Wuhua (Changbu)
背囊
Wuhua (Mianyang)
背囊
Shaoguan (Qujiang)
背脊
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)
背囊
Jiexi
背囊
Luhe
背囊
Changting
背脊 , 背
Wuping
背脊 , 背囊
Wuping (Pingyu)
背囊
Liancheng
背脊
Ninghua
背脊
Yudu
背
Ruijin
背脊
Shicheng
背脊
Shangyou
背
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
背囊
Pingtung (Neipu, S. Sixian)
背囊
Hsinchu County (Zhudong, Hailu)
背囊
Taichung (Dongshi, Dabu)
背囊
Hsinchu County (Qionglin, Raoping)
背囊
Yunlin (Lunbei, Zhao'an)
背脊𩩍
Hong Kong
背囊
Sabah (Longchuan)
背囊 , 背
Senai (Huiyang)
背囊
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)
背囊
Singkawang
背囊
Huizhou
Jixi
背脊
Jin
Taiyuan
脊背
Xinzhou
脊背
Taibus (Baochang)
背
Linhe
脊背
Jining
脊背
Hohhot
脊背
Baotou
脊背
Dongsheng
脊背
Haibowan
脊背
Min Bei
Jian'ou
背脊 , 背脊𩩍
Min Dong
Fuzhou
𩩍 , 𩩍脊骨
Min Nan
Xiamen
胛脊 , 胛脊𩩍 , 巴脊
Quanzhou
胛脊 , 巴脊
Yongchun
巴脊
Zhangzhou
胛脊 , 胛脊𩩍 , 巴脊
Zhangzhou (Longhai)
胛脊𩩍
Zhangzhou (Changtai)
胛脊
Zhao'an
胛脊𩩍
Taipei
胛脊𩩍
New Taipei (Sanxia)
巴脊
Kaohsiung
胛脊𩩍
Yilan
胛脊𩩍
Changhua (Lukang)
胛脊𩩍
Taichung
胛脊𩩍
Tainan
胛脊𩩍
Hsinchu
胛脊𩩍
Kinmen
胛脊𩩍
Penghu (Magong)
胛脊𩩍
Penang (Hokkien)
胛脊 , 胛脊後
Manila (Hokkien)
巴脊 , 後壁
Chaozhou
胛脊
Jieyang
胛脊
Haifeng
巴脊
Bangkok (Teochew)
胛脊
Johor Bahru (Teochew)
胛脊
Leizhou
胛脊
Haikou
胛脊
Southern Pinghua
Nanning (Tingzi)
背脊 , 背脢
Wu
Shanghai
背脊 , 背脊骨
Shanghai (Chongming)
背肌
Suzhou
背心 , 背
Danyang
背背
Hangzhou
背脊
Ningbo
背脊心 , 背脊登 , 背脊胴 , 背脊
Wenzhou
背脊身 , 背骶身 , 後半身
Jinhua
背脊
Xiang
Changsha
背脊 , 背心 , 背
Loudi
背 , 背皮
Shuangfeng
背心 , 背
Compounds [ edit ]
Pronunciation 2 [ edit ]
Definitions [ edit ]
背
to carry on the back
( figuratively ) to carry ; to bear (blame); to shoulder (responsibility)
Synonyms [ edit ]
( to carry on the back ) : 馱 /驮 (tuó )
Dialectal synonyms of
背負 (“to carry on the back”)
[map]
Variety
Location
Words
Classical Chinese
負
Formal (Written Standard Chinese )
背負
Mandarin
Beijing
背
Taiwan
背
Jinan
背
Xi'an
背
Wuhan
背 , 馱
Chengdu
背
Yangzhou
背 , 馱
Hefei
背 , 馱
Cantonese
Guangzhou
孭
Hong Kong
孭
Yangjiang
孭
Gan
Nanchang
馱 , 背
Hakka
Meixian
背 , 揹
Jin
Taiyuan
背
Min Bei
Jian'ou
騎 , 邁
Min Dong
Fuzhou
邁
Min Nan
Xiamen
背 , 揹 , 偝
Zhangzhou
揹 , 偝
Taipei
揹 , 偝
Chaozhou
背
Wu
Suzhou
背
Wenzhou
背 , 擐
Xiang
Changsha
背
Shuangfeng
背
Compounds [ edit ]
Japanese [ edit ]
背
(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji )
This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation , then remove the text {{rfdef }}
.
Readings [ edit ]
Go-on : へ ( he ) ; べ ( be ) ; はい ( hai , Jōyō ) ; ばい ( bai )
Kan-on : はい ( hai , Jōyō )
Kun : せ ( se , 背 , Jōyō ) ; せい ( sei , 背 , Jōyō ) ; そむく ( somu ku , 背く , Jōyō ) ; そむける ( somu keru , 背ける , Jōyō )
Etymology 1 [ edit ]
For pronunciation and definitions of 背 – see the following entry.
【せ 】 H
[noun] one's back ( part of the human body )
[noun] one's height
[noun] the rear of something, the area behind
Alternative spellings 背 , 脊
(This term, 背 , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)
Etymology 2 [ edit ]
背( せい ) • (sei )
height
Etymology [ edit ]
From Middle Chinese 背 (MC buʌiH , puʌiH ). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄇᆡ〯 ( pǒy ) (Yale : pǒy ) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회 ), 1527.
Pronunciation [ edit ]
(SK Standard /Seoul ) IPA (key ) : [pɛ(ː)] ~ [pe̞(ː)] Phonetic hangul: [배 (ː) /베 (ː) ] Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Wikisource
背 (eumhun 등 배 ( deung bae ) )
Hanja form? of 배 ( “ back ” ) .
Hanja form? of 배 ( “ betrayal ” ) .
Compounds [ edit ]
References [ edit ]
국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典 . [1]
Vietnamese [ edit ]
Han character [ edit ]
背 : Hán Nôm readings: bối , bội , bổi , bồi
This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation , then remove the text {{rfdef }}
.