妹
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
See also: 妺
| ||||||||
Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
妹 (radical 38, 女+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 女十木 (VJD), four-corner 45490, composition ⿰女未)
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 257, character 28
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6138
- Dae Jaweon: page 522, character 23
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1034, character 6
- Unihan data for U+59B9
Chinese[edit]
| simp. and trad. |
妹 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin[edit]
| Historical forms of the character 妹 |
|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Small seal script |
|
| Characters in the same phonetic series (未) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 寐 | *mids |
| 魅 | *mrɯds |
| 鬽 | *mrɯds |
| 昧 | *mɯːds |
| 妹 | *mɯːds |
| 眛 | *maːds, *mɯːds |
| 沬 | *maːds, *hmɯːds, *mɯds |
| 未 | *mɯds |
| 味 | *mɯds |
| 鮇 | *mɯds |
| 菋 | *mɯds |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *mɯːds): semantic 女 (“female, woman”) + phonetic 未 (OC *mɯds).
Etymology[edit]
Probably Sino-Tibetan. Proposed etymologies:
- STEDT relates it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mi (“girl; female; feminine suffix”), whence Apatani nyimii (“girl; woman; female”), Proto-Loloish *C-mi² (“woman”), Proto-Karen *hmɨᴮ (“female; woman”).
- Schuessler (2007) compares it to Burmese မ (ma., “sister”) (whence အစ်မ (acma., “elder sister”), ညီမ (nyima., “younger sister”)), Miju ku-mai- (“woman”), Tibetan བུད་མེད (bud med, “woman”), and also Mizo hmei (“concubine”) (> Mizo hmei-chhia (“woman; wife”)), which STEDT relates to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-maj (“widow, widower”) instead.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
妹
Synonyms[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 妹
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
妹
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: まい (mai, Jōyō); め (me)
- Kan-on: ばい (bai)
- Kun: いも (imo, 妹); いもうと (imōto, 妹, Jōyō); いもと (imoto, 妹)
- Nanori: せ (se)
Compounds[edit]
Compounds
Etymology 1[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 妹 |
| いも Grade: 2 |
| kun’yomi |
⟨imo1⟩ → /imo/
From Old Japanese.
The medial /-m-/ means "woman, female", found in a number of related terms such as 女 (me, onna, “woman”), 嫗 (omina, “elderly woman”), and 母 (omo, “mother”, archaic).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- (archaic, usually from a male's viewpoint) a close female companion
- (archaic, usually from a female's viewpoint) a woman
Antonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
- 妹 (imōto, “one's younger sister”)
- 妹ら (imora)
- 妹が家に (imo ga ie ni, pillow word)
- 妹が績む (imo ga umu, pillow word)
- 妹が髪 (imo ga kami, pillow word)
- 妹が着る (imo ga kiru, pillow word)
- 妹が袖 (imo ga sode, pillow word)
- 妹が手を (imo ga te o, pillow word)
- 妹が紐 (imo ga himo, pillow word)
- 妹が目を (imo ga me o, pillow word)
- 妹許 (imogari)
- 妹姑 (imo-shūtome)
- 妹兄, 妹背 (imose)
- 妹に恋ひ (imo ni koi, pillow word)
- 妹山 (imoyama)
- 汝妹 (nanimo)
- 継妹 (mamaimo)
- 吾妹 (wagimo)
Etymology 2[edit]
⟨imo(1) pi1to2⟩ → */imopitə/ → /imofito/ → /imowito/ → */imowuto/ /imoːto/
Originally a compound of 妹 (imo, close female companion) + 人 (hito, “person”).[2][3]
The shift from /imofito/ → /imoːto/ is an instance of ウ音便 (u onbin, “u sound shift”), found in terms with bilabial consonants (/m/, /b/, /w/) followed by i; commonly seen in terms such as 玄人 (kurōto, “professional”), 素人 (shirōto, “amateur”), or possibly, 相撲 (sumō, “sumo”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
妹 (hiragana いもうと, rōmaji imōto)
- one's own younger sister
- Antonym: 姉 (ane)
- the wife of one's younger brother; one's sister-in-law
- Synonym: 義妹 (gimai)
- a younger female
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 妹 |
| いもと Grade: 2 |
| kun’yomi |
/imopitə/ → */imoputə/ → */imobutə/ → */imomutə/ → */imontə/ → /imoto/
Likely a variant shift from derived compound 妹 (imo, close female companion) + 人 (hito, “person”), appears in The Tale of Heiji, written around the mid-12th century.
Noun[edit]
妹 (hiragana いもと, rōmaji imoto)
- one's own younger sister
- Antonym: 姉 (ane)
- the wife of one's younger brother; one's sister-in-law
- Synonym: 義妹 (gimai)
- a younger female
Proper noun[edit]
妹 (hiragana いもと, rōmaji Imoto)
Etymology 4[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 妹 |
| まい Grade: 2 |
| on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 妹 (MC muʌiH).
Proper noun[edit]
- a female given name
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō
- ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
妹 (muội)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Chinese terms derived from Sino-Tibetan languages
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Min Bei lemmas
- Min Dong lemmas
- Min Nan lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Taishanese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Min Bei nouns
- Min Dong nouns
- Min Nan nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Chinese proper nouns
- Mandarin proper nouns
- Cantonese proper nouns
- Taishanese proper nouns
- Gan proper nouns
- Hakka proper nouns
- Jin proper nouns
- Min Bei proper nouns
- Min Dong proper nouns
- Min Nan proper nouns
- Teochew proper nouns
- Wu proper nouns
- Xiang proper nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese hanzi
- Chinese Han characters
- Hakka Chinese
- Chinese surnames
- Japanese Han characters
- Grade 2 kanji
- Japanese kanji with kun reading いも
- Japanese kanji with kun reading いもうと
- Japanese kanji with kun reading いもと
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading ばい
- Japanese kanji with goon reading まい
- Japanese kanji with goon reading め
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading せ
- Japanese terms spelled with 妹 read as いも
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with one Han script character
- Japanese terms spelled with 妹
- Japanese terms with archaic senses
- Japanese terms spelled with 妹 read as いもと
- Japanese proper nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with 妹 read as まい
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese given names
- Japanese female given names
- Japanese basic words
- ja:Family
- Korean lemmas
- Korean Han characters
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
