身

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身 U+8EAB, 身
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8EAB
← 躪
[U+8EAA] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 躬 →
[U+8EAC]
⾝ U+2F9D, ⾝
KANGXI RADICAL BODY
← ⾜
[U+2F9C] 		Kangxi Radicals ⾞ →
[U+2F9E]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
7 strokes
Stroke order

Han character[edit]

See images of
Radical 158 身

身 (Kangxi radical 158, 身+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 竹X竹 (HXH), four-corner 27400)

  1. Kangxi radical #158, ⾝.

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1237, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38034
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1709, character 36
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3807, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+8EAB

Chinese[edit]

trad. 身
simp. # 身
2nd round simp. ⿻㇒力
alternative forms 𡰬
𨊘

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 身
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (身) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
身 *qʰjin
銵 *kʰriːŋ

Pictogram (象形): from a pictograph of a pregnant woman.

Etymology 1[edit]

STEDT relates it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sja-n ~ *sin (“flesh; animal; body”), but recent Old Chinese reconstructions would not support this etymology.

Because 身 is used as a phonetic for 仁 (OC *niŋ) in excavated texts, Baxter and Sagart (2012, 2014) reconstruct the initial as nasal. This would allow for a comparison to Tibetan སྙིང (snying, “heart”), Japhug tɯ-sni (“heart”) (Baxter and Sagart, 2012; Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019), which are from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/k-n(j)i-k/ŋ (“heart; mind; brain”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • sin - literary;
  • sian - vernacular (as classifier).
Note:
  • sing1 - Chaozhou, Shantou;
  • sêng1 - Jieyang.
  • (Leizhou)
    • Leizhou Pinyin: xieng1
    • Sinological IPA: /ɕieŋ³⁵/
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 身
    Mandarin Beijing /ʂən⁵⁵/
    Harbin /ʂən⁴⁴/
    Tianjin /ʂən²¹/
    /sən²¹/
    Jinan /ʂẽ²¹³/
    Qingdao /ʃə̃²¹³/
    Zhengzhou /ʂən²⁴/
    Xi'an /ʂẽ²¹/
    Xining /ʂə̃⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /ʂəŋ⁴⁴/
    Lanzhou /ʂə̃n³¹/
    Ürümqi /ʂɤŋ⁴⁴/
    Wuhan /sən⁵⁵/
    Chengdu /sən⁵⁵/
    Guiyang /sen⁵⁵/
    Kunming /ʂə̃⁴⁴/
    Nanjing /ʂən³¹/
    Hefei /ʂən²¹/
    Jin Taiyuan /səŋ¹¹/
    Pingyao /ʂəŋ¹³/
    Hohhot /sə̃ŋ³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /səŋ⁵³/
    Suzhou /sən⁵⁵/
    Hangzhou /sen³³/
    Wenzhou /saŋ³³/
    Hui Shexian /ɕiʌ̃³¹/
    Tunxi /ɕian¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /ʂən³³/
    Xiangtan /sən³³/
    Gan Nanchang /sɨn⁴²/
    Hakka Meixian /sən⁴⁴/
    Taoyuan /ʃen²⁴/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /sɐn⁵³/
    Nanning /sɐn⁵⁵/
    Hong Kong /sɐn⁵⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /sin⁵⁵/
    /sian⁵⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /siŋ⁴⁴/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /seiŋ⁵⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /siŋ³³/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /tin²³/
    Rime
    Character 身
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 書 (26)
    Final (韻) 眞 (43)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 失人切
    Baxter syin
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɕiɪn/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɕin/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ɕjen/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ɕin/
    Li
    Rong         		/ɕiĕn/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɕĭĕn/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ɕi̯ĕn/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		shēn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		san1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 身
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		shēn
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ syin ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*n̥i[ŋ]/
    English body; self

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 身
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 11247
    Phonetic
    component         		身
    Rime
    group         		眞
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		申
    Old
    Chinese         		/*qʰjin/
    Notes 甲金文象人鼓其腹，
    表其身有孕，非申聲

    Definitions[edit]

    身

    1. (anatomy) body
    2. (figurative) body; main part
    3. pregnancy
    4. oneself
    5. in person; personally
    6. I; me
    7. life; one's (entire) life
    8. social status
    9. moral character
    10. Classifier for suits of clothes.
    11. (literary or Min Nan, Puxian Min) Classifier for statues, dolls, puppets.
    12. (Min Nan) Classifier for silkworms.
    13. (Cantonese, idiomatic) Classifier for beatings.

    Synonyms[edit]

    Dialectal synonyms of 身體 (“body”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 身體
    Mandarin Beijing 身體, 身子
    Taiwan 身體
    Tianjin 身子
    Tangshan 身體, 身子
    Cangzhou 身子, 身子骨兒
    Baoding 身子
    Shijiazhuang 身子
    Chifeng 身體, 身子
    Hulunbuir (Hailar) 身體
    Harbin 身體, 身子
    Shenyang 身體, 身子
    Yantai (Muping) 身體, 身子
    Qingdao 身子, 身板骨兒
    Jinan 身體, 身子
    Luoyang 身體, 身子
    Zhengzhou 身
    Xi'an 身體, 身子
    Yinchuan 身子
    Lanzhou 身子, 體子
    Xining 身體, 身子
    Ürümqi 身體, 身子
    Wuhan 身體, 身子
    Chengdu 身體
    Chongqing 身體, 身子
    Guiyang 身體, 身子
    Kunming 身體, 身子
    Guilin 身子, 身體
    Liuzhou 身子, 身體
    Xuzhou 身子, 身體
    Yangzhou 身子
    Nanjing 身體, 身子
    Hefei 身體, 身子
    Nantong 身子
    Singapore 身體
    Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) 身子
    Cantonese Guangzhou 身, 身子
    Hong Kong 身
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 身體
    Macau 身
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 身
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 身
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 身
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 身
    Foshan 身
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 身
    Foshan (Shunde) 身
    Foshan (Sanshui) 身
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 身
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 身
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 身
    Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 身
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 身
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 身
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 身
    Taishan 身
    Kaiping (Chikan) 身
    Enping (Niujiang) 身
    Heshan (Yayao) 身體
    Dongguan 身, 身體
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 身
    Shenzhen (Dapeng) 身
    Qingyuan 身
    Fogang 身
    Yingde (Hanguang) 身
    Yangshan 身
    Lianshan (Butian) 身體
    Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 身
    Shaoguan 身
    Shaoguan (Qujiang) 身體
    Renhua 身
    Lechang 身
    Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 身
    Sihui 身體
    Guangning 身體, 身
    Deqing 身
    Huaiji 身
    Fengkai (Nanfeng) 身
    Yunfu 身
    Xinxing 身
    Luoding 身
    Yunan (Pingtai) 身
    Yangjiang 身體, 身子
    Xinyi 身
    Maoming (Xinpo) 身
    Lianjiang 身
    Beihai 身體
    Sanya (Yanglan Maihua) 身體
    Singapore (Guangfu) 身
    Gan Lichuan 身體
    Hakka Meixian 身體
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 身體
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 完身
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 完身
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 身
    Wuhua (Shuizhai) 身體, 完身
    Wuhua (Huacheng) 身體
    Wuhua (Changbu) 完身
    Wuhua (Mianyang) 完身
    Conghua (Lütian) 身
    Jiexi 膚身
    Luhe 身體
    Yudu 身體
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 圓身
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 圓身
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 膴身
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 圓身, 圍身
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 膴身
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 膴身
    Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 膚身
    Singkawang 膚身
    Huizhou Jixi 身體
    Shexian 身體
    Jin Taiyuan 身體, 身子
    Xinzhou 身子, 身體, 身得, 身坯得
    Linhe 身子
    Jining 身體
    Hohhot 身體, 身子
    Zhangjiakou 身體, 身子
    Handan 身體, 身子
    Min Dong Fuzhou 身, 身體
    Changle 身
    Fuqing 身體
    Yongtai 完身
    Gutian 完身
    Pingnan 完身
    Fu'an 完身
    Ningde 完身
    Xiapu 完身
    Zherong 身體
    Shouning 完身, 身體
    Zhouning 完身
    Fuding 身體
    Min Nan Xiamen 身軀
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 身軀
    Quanzhou 身軀
    Zhangzhou 身軀
    Zhangzhou (Changtai) 渾身, 渾軀
    Zhao'an 身體
    Taipei 身軀
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 身軀
    Kaohsiung 身軀
    Yilan 身軀
    Changhua (Lukang) 身軀
    Taichung 身軀
    Taichung (Wuqi) 身軀
    Tainan 身軀
    Taitung 身軀
    Hsinchu 身軀
    Kinmen 身軀
    Penghu (Magong) 身軀
    Penang (Hokkien) 身軀
    Singapore (Hokkien) 身軀
    Manila (Hokkien) 身軀
    Pingnan (Shangdu) 身體
    Shantou 身體
    Leizhou 身軀
    Haikou 身體
    Puxian Min Fuding (Aoyao) 身軀
    Min Zhong Yong'an 完身
    Sanyuan 完身
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 身
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 身
    Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 身
    Wu Shanghai 身體, 身子
    Shanghai (Chongming) 身體
    Suzhou 身體
    Danyang 身體
    Hangzhou 身體
    Ningbo 身體
    Wenzhou 身體
    Xiang Changsha 身子

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic (身):
    • → Vietnamese: thân (身)

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    身

    1. Only used in 身毒 (Juāndú).

    Compounds[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    身

    (grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. body
      Synonym: 体
    2. identity

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    身
    み
    Grade: 3
    kun’yomi

    From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *muy. Cognate with 実 (mi, “seed, fruit, offspring”).[1]

    Standalone form of mu below. See also the etymology of 神 (kami, kamu).

    Compare Korean 몸 (mom, “body”).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    身(み) • (mi) 

    1. a body; (by extension):
      1. the main part of something
        1. the blade of a sword (as opposed to the handle)
        2. meat, flesh (as opposed to skin and bone)
        3. wood (as opposed to the bark)
      2. oneself
      3. one's position, one's social standing, one's circumstances
    Derived terms[edit]
    Derived terms

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    身
    む
    Grade: 3
    kun’yomi

    From Old Japanese. Bound form of mi above, only found in compounds.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    身(む) • (mu) 

    1. (only in compounds) a body
    Derived terms[edit]
    Derived terms

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    身
    むくろ
    Grade: 3
    kun’yomi

    From Old Japanese. Compound of 身 (mu, “body”, bound form of standalone mi) +‎ くろ (kuro). The derivation of the kuro element is uncertain, but it might be an alteration or ancient form of 幹 (kara, “trunk, main part”).[1]

    Alternative forms[edit]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    身(むくろ) • (mukuro) 

    1. a living body
      • 720, 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki, “Chronicles of Japan”), Volume 7, in the section on 景行天皇 (Keikō-tennō, Emperor Keikō):
        身體長大
        人(ひと)となり、むくろ長(たか)く大(おお)きにして
        hitotonari, mukuro takaku ōki ni shite
        His personality and body were lofty and great
    2. a dead body, a corpse
      • 14th century, 太平記 (Taiheiki):
        御首(おんくび)は敷皮(しきかは)の上(うえ)に落(お)ちて質(むくろ)は尚(なほ)坐(ざ)せるが如(ごと)し
        onkubi wa shikikawa no ue ni ochite mukuro wa naozaseru ga gotoshi
        The head fell onto the hide rug, and the corpse looked as if it were sitting straight...
    3. a rotten tree trunk
    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 4[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    身
    しん
    Grade: 3
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese 身 (syin, “body, self”).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    身(しん) • (shin) 

    1. a body
    Usage notes[edit]

    Seldom used on its own. In isolation, the reading mi is much more common.

    Derived terms[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 身 (MC syin). Recorded as Middle Korean 신 (sin) (Yale: sin) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    身 (eumhun 몸 신 (mom sin))

    1. Hanja form? of 신 (“body”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    身: Hán Nôm readings: thân

    1. chữ Hán form of thân (“torso”).
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