From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
U+76CA, 益
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-76CA

[U+76C9]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+76CB]

U+FA17, 益
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA17

[U+FA16]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+FA18]
U+FAA6, 益
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FAA6

[U+FAA5]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+FAA7]

Translingual[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 108, +5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 廿金月廿 (TCBT), four-corner 80107, composition (GHTJV or U+FAA6) or ⿱⿳(K or U+FA17))

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 793, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22972
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1208, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2560, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+76CA

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
alternative forms 𠍳 ancient form

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions

Ideogrammic compound (會意): (water) + (vessel). Original form of (OC *liɡ, “to overflow”). Upper component resembles (“water”) in a horizontal form.

Etymology[edit]

Bodman (1980) relates it to Tibetan སྐྱེད (skyed, growth; increase; profit; to generate), སྐྱེ (skye, to be born).

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • iah - vernacular;
  • iak/ek - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (34)
    Final () (123)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter 'jiek
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ʔiᴇk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ʔiɛk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ʔiæk̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ʔiajk̚/
    Li
    Rong
    /ʔiɛk̚/
    Wang
    Li
    /ĭɛk̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ʔi̯ɛk̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    yi
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    jik1
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ ʔjiek ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*q[i]k/ (dialect: *-ik > *-ek)
    English increase

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 15081
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*qleɡ/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. (obsolete) Original form of (, “to overflow”).
    2. (literary) affluent; well-off
    3. to increase; to add; to cause gain
      Antonym: (sǔn)
      延年延年寿  ―  yánniánshòu  ―  to prolong life
    4. profit; benefit; gain
        ―  shōu  ―  profit
      開卷有开卷有  ―  kāijuǎnyǒu  ―  reading is beneficial
    5. (literary) more; further; even more
        ―    ―  day by day; increasingly
    6. 42nd hexagram of the I Ching
    7. (Cantonese) to benefit; to advantage
      淨係自己友 [Cantonese, trad.]
      净系自己友 [Cantonese, simp.]
      zing6 hai6 jik1 zi6 gei2 jau5-2 [Jyutping]
      to only benefit people in one's own circle

    Synonyms[edit]

    • (more):

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic ():
    • Japanese: (えき) (eki); (やく) (yaku)
    • Korean: 익(益) (ik)
    • Vietnamese: ích ()

    Others:

    • Thai: อีก (ìik, again, (do something) more)

    Japanese[edit]

    Shinjitai
    Kyūjitai
    [1]


    &#xFA17;
    or
    +&#xFE00;?
    益󠄁
    +&#xE0101;?
    (Adobe-Japan1)
    益󠄃
    +&#xE0103;?
    (Hanyo-Denshi)
    (Moji_Joho)
    The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
    See here for details.

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanjishinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form )

    1. benefit
    2. gain
    3. profit
    4. advantage

    Readings[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    えき
    Grade: 5
    kan’on

    From Middle Chinese (MC 'jiek, “increase”). The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (えき) (eki

    1. benefit
    2. profit
    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    やく
    Grade: 5
    goon

    From Middle Chinese (MC 'jiek, “increase”). The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (やく) (yaku

    1. benefit
    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    ますます
    Grade: 5
    kun’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
    ますます
    [adverb] even more
    Alternative spellings
    益々, 増々, 増す増す
    (This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    References[edit]

    1. ^ ”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)[1] (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
    2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    3. 3.0 3.1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (eumhun 더할 (deohal ik))

    1. Hanja form? of (gain; benefit).

    Compounds[edit]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Việt readings: ích ((y)(tích)(thiết))[1][2][3][4][5]
    : Nôm readings: ích[1][2][4][6], ịch[3][5]

    1. chữ Hán form of ích (benefit).
    2. Nôm form of ịch (thud).

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]