益

益	U+76CA, 益 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-76CA

益	U+FA17, 益 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA17

← 猪
[U+FA16]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

礼 →
[U+FA18]

益	U+FAA6, 益 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FAA6

← 瘟
[U+FAA5]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

盛 →
[U+FAA7]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

益 (radical 108 皿+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 廿金月廿 (TCBT), four-corner 8010₇, composition ⿳䒑八皿)

Derived characters[edit]

溢

References[edit]

KangXi: page 793, character 18
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22972
Dae Jaweon: page 1208, character 18
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2560, character 6
Unihan data for U+76CA

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.		益

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (益) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
隘	*qreːɡs
賹	*qreːɡs
搤	qreːɡs, qreːɡ
縊	qleːɡs, qleɡs
螠	*qleɡs
謚	ɢliɡs, qleɡ
諡	*ɢliɡs
蠲	*kʷliːŋ
溢	*liɡ
鎰	*liɡ
齸	lig, qleg
貖	*qreːɡ
益	*qleɡ
嗌	*qleɡ
膉	*qleɡ
鷁	*ŋɡleːɡ
艗	*ŋɡleːɡ

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yì (yi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jik¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yit
Min Nan (POJ): iah / iak / ek

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yì
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
  - Wade-Giles: i⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
  - IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jik¹
  - Yale: yīk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jik⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: yig¹
  - IPA ^(key): /jɪk̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yit
  - Hakka Romanization System: id`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yid⁵
  - IPA: /it̚²/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yit
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)id`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yid⁵
  - IPA: /(j)it̚²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iah
  - Tâi-lô: iah
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iaq
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iaʔ³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iaʔ⁵/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iak
  - Tâi-lô: iak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ek
  - Tâi-lô: ik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: eg
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /iɪk̚³²/

Note:

iah - vernacular;
iak/ek - literary.

Middle Chinese: /ʔiᴇk̚/▼

Rime
Character	益
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	昔 (123)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	伊昔切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔiᴇk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔiɛk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiæk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔiajk̚/
Li Rong	/ʔiɛk̚/
Wang Li	/ĭɛk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ɛk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yi

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter-Sagart): /*q[i]k/

(Zhengzhang): /*qleɡ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	益
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yì
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjiek ›
Old Chinese	/q[i]k/ (dialect: -ik > *-ek)
English	increase
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	益
Reading #	1/1
No.	15081
Phonetic component	益
Rime group	錫
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	益
Old Chinese	/*qleɡ/

Definitions[edit]

益

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 益

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Goon: やく (yaku, Jōyō, uncommon)
Kan’on: えき (eki, Jōyō)
Kun: ます (masu, 益す); ますます (masumasu, 益)

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
益
えき Grade: 5
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 益 (ʔjiek, “increase”). The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation[edit]

On’yomi: Kan’on
- (Tokyo) えき [èkí] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
- (Tokyo) えき [éꜜkì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
- IPA^(key): [e̞kʲi]

Noun[edit]

益 (hiragana えき, rōmaji eki)

benefit

Derived terms[edit]

益獣 (えきじゅう) (ekijū, “beneficial animal”)
益虫 (えきちゅう) (ekichū, “beneficial insect”)
益鳥 (えきちょう) (ekichō, “beneficial bird”)

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
益
やく Grade: 5
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 益 (ʔjiek, “increase”). The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.

Pronunciation[edit]

On’yomi: Goon
- (Tokyo) やく [yáꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
- IPA^(key): [ja̠kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun[edit]

益 (hiragana やく, rōmaji yaku)

benefit

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
益
ますます Grade: 5
kun’yomi

Reduplication of 増す (masu).^[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) ますます [màsúꜜmàsù] (Nakadaka – [2])^[1]^[2]
- IPA^(key): [ma̠sɨᵝma̠sɨᵝ]

Alternative forms[edit]

益益, 増す増す

Noun[edit]

益 (hiragana ますます, rōmaji masumasu)

even more

References[edit]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

益 • (ik) (hangeul 익, revised ik, McCune-Reischauer ik, Yale ik)

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

益 (ích, ịch)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[DJR-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

益

Contents

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Noun[edit]

References[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

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