火

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火 U+706B, 火
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-706B
← 灪
[U+706A]		CJK Unified Ideographs灬 →
[U+706C]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
火-order.gif

Alternative forms[edit]

  • 灬 (when used as a bottom Chinese radical)

Han character[edit]

Commons-logo.svg
See images of
Radical 86 火

火 (radical 86, 火+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 火 (F), four-corner 90800, composition ⿻⿰丿丿人(GJKV) or ⿻丷人(HT))

  1. Kangxi radical #86, ⽕.

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 665, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18850
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1073, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2187, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+706B

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
火

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 火
ShangWestern ZhouSpring and AutumnWarring StatesShuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone scriptBronze inscriptionsBronze inscriptionsChu Slip and silk scriptQin slip scriptSmall seal scriptTranscribed ancient scripts
火-oracle.svg火-bronze.svg火-bronze-spring.svg火-silk.svg火-slip.svg火-seal.svg火-bigseal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (火) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
火*qʰʷaːlʔ
邩*qʰʷaːlʔ
伙*qʰʷaːlʔ

Pictogram (象形) – pictographic representation of a fire.

Etymology[edit]

Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mej.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • huōi - colloquial;
  • huō - literary.
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • hé/hér/hóe - vernacular;
    • hóⁿ - literary.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character火
    Reading #1/1
    Initial (聲)曉 (32)
    Final (韻)戈 (95)
    Tone (調)Rising (X)
    Openness (開合)Closed
    Division (等)I
    Fanqie呼果切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang    		/huɑX/
    Pan
    Wuyun    		/huɑX/
    Shao
    Rongfen    		/xuɑX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank    		/hwaX/
    Li
    Rong    		/xuɑX/
    Wang
    Li    		/xuɑX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren    		/xuɑX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex    		huǒ
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character火
    Reading #1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)    		huǒ
    Middle
    Chinese    		‹ xwaX ›
    Old
    Chinese    		/*[qʷʰ]ˁəjʔ/
    Englishfire

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character火
    Reading #1/1
    No.5540
    Phonetic
    component    		火
    Rime
    group    		歌
    Rime
    subdivision    		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime    		火
    Old
    Chinese    		/*qʰʷaːlʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    火

    1. fire; flame
    2. fire (as a disaster); inferno
    3. red; fiery; bright; brilliant
    4. to burn down
    5. light; torch
    6. anger; rage; wrath
    7. to become enraged
    8. angry; furious
    9. (traditional Chinese medicine) internal heat
    10. firearm; ammunition; weapon
    11. war; warfare
    12. thriving; brisk
    13. urgent; pressing
    14. (neologism) to become popular; to go viral
    15. (Cantonese) watt (unit of power)
      Synonyms: 瓦特 (wǎtè), 瓦 (wǎ)
      20火數嘅燈膽 / 20火数嘅灯胆 [Cantonese]  ―  20 fo2 sou3 ge3 dang1 daam2 [Jyutping]  ―  20-watt lightbulb
    16. Short for 火星 (Huǒxīng, “Mars”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 火

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic (火):

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    火

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. fire
    2. light
    3. burning
    4. passion
    5. imminently
    6. explosive

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja
    English Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia
    火 (hi, ho, fu, ka): fire.
    Kanji in this term
    火
    ひ
    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi

    ⟨hi2⟩ → */pɨ/ → */fɨ/ → /fi/ → /hi/

    From Old Japanese,[1] from Proto-Japonic *poy.

    Apophonic form of ho (see below), possibly by fusion with emphatic particle い (i). Compare the development of 木 (ko → ki, “tree”).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    火 (hiragana ひ, rōmaji hi)

    1. term relating to fire:
      1. a flame
        Synonyms: 火気 (kaki), ファイア (faia), 炎 (honō)
      2. cooking fire
      3. a firestarter
      4. sparks
      5. heat
        Synonyms: 火熱 (kanetsu), 熱 (netsu)
      6. a conflagration
        Synonyms: 火災 (kasai), 火事 (kaji)
      7. a signal fire
        Synonym: 狼煙 (noroshi)
    2. (by extension) a light
    3. a burning passion
    4. menstruation
      Synonym: 月経 (gekkei)
    Derived terms[edit]
    Derived terms
    Idioms[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    火
    ほ
    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi

    /po/ → /fo/ → /ho/

    From Old Japanese.[1]

    Combining form of hi (see above). Probably the oldest form, possibly cognate with Korean 불 (bul, “fire”).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    火 (hiragana ほ, rōmaji ho)

    1. a fire
    Derived terms[edit]
    Derived terms

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    火
    ふ
    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi

    /pu/ → /fu/

    From Old Japanese. Ancient dialect form in eastern Japan,[1] attested in only one source (see derivative term 葦火 (ashifu)).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    火 (hiragana ふ, rōmaji fu)

    1. (regional) a fire
    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 4[edit]

    火（か）: fire in the Wu Xing system
    火（か）: Antares in the Scorpio constellation
    Kanji in this term
    火
    か
    Grade: 1
    on’yomi

    /kwa/ → /ka/

    From Middle Chinese 火 (MC huɑX).[1]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    火 (hiragana か, rōmaji ka, historical hiragana くわ)

    1. a fire
    2. one of the five classical elements in traditional Chinese philosophy and medicine: see Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg Wu Xing on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
    3. under the old Ritsuryō system of ancient Japan, a military grouping, consisting of 10 soldiers: a squad
      Synonym: 分隊 (buntai)

    Proper noun[edit]

    火 (hiragana か, rōmaji Ka, historical hiragana くわ)

    1. Tuesday
      Synonyms: 火曜 (Kayō), 火曜日 (Kayōbi)
    2. Antares, in the constellation Scorpio
      Synonym: アンタレス (Antaresu)

    References[edit]

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    火 (eumhun 불 화 (bul hwa))

    1. fire

    Compounds[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    火 • (hwa) (hangeul 화)

    1. fire
    2. anger
    3. (as an abbreviation) Tuesday

    Synonyms[edit]

    • (Tuesday): 화요일 (hwayoil, “Tuesday”)

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    火: Hán Việt readings: hỏa/hoả[1][2][3]
    火: Nôm readings: hỏa/hoả[2][3][4][5], ỏa/oả[1]

    1. Hán tự form of hoả (“fire”).

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nguyễn (2014).
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Trần (2004).
    4. ^ Bonet (1899).
    5. ^ Génibrel (1898).
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