黑

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See also: 黒

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
黑-order.gif

Han character[edit]

Commons-logo.svg
See images of
Radical 203 黑

黑 (radical 203 黑+0, 12 strokes, cangjie input 田土火 (WGF), four-corner 60331)

  1. Kangxi radical #203, ⿊ ‎(“black”).

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1518, character 36
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48038
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2051, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4743, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9ED1

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 黑

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 黑
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
黑-oracle.svg 黑-bronze.svg 黑-bigseal.svg 黑-seal.svg

Pictogram (象形) – catching soot in a container over a fire (火).

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-maŋ ~ s-mak. Cognate with 墨 (OC *mlɯːɡ, “ink”).

The sense of “hack” is a phono-semantic matching of English hack.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 黑
Mandarin Beijing /xei⁵⁵/
Harbin /xei⁴⁴/
Tianjin /xei²¹/
Jinan /xei²¹³/
Qingdao /xe⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /xɛ²⁴/
Xi'an /xei²¹/
Xining /xɨ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /xɯ¹³/
Lanzhou /xə/
Ürümqi /xei⁴⁴/
Wuhan /xɤ²¹³/
Chengdu /xe³¹/
Guiyang /xɛ²¹/
Kunming /xə³¹/
Nanjing /xəʔ⁵/
Hefei /xɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /xəʔ²/
Pingyao /xʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /xəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /həʔ⁵/
Suzhou /həʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /hɑʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /he²¹³/
Hui Shexian /xeʔ²¹/
Tunxi /xə⁵/
Xiang Changsha /xə²⁴/
Xiangtan /hæ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /hɛʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /het̚¹/
Taoyuan /het̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /hɐk̚⁵/
/hak̚⁵/
Nanning /hɐk̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /hɐk̚⁵/
/hak̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /hik̚³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /haiʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /xuɛ/
Shantou (Min Nan) /hek̚²/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ɔu²³/ 訓烏
Rime
Character 黑
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 德 (131)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 呼北切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /hək̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /hək̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /xək̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /hək̚/
Li
Rong		 /xək̚/
Wang
Li		 /xək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /xək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 he
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 黑
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 hēi
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ xok ›
Old
Chinese		 /*m̥ˤək/ (dialect *m̥ˤ- > xˤ-)
English black

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 黑
Reading # 1/1
No. 5109
Phonetic
component		 黑
Rime
group		 職
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 黑
Old
Chinese		 /*hmlɯːɡ/

Definitions[edit]

黑

  1. black
    黑色  ―  hēisè  ―  black color
    她戴著黑帽子。  ―  Tā dài zhe hēi màozǐ.  ―  She's wearing a black hat.
  2. dark; darkness
    這麼黑，我看不見。 / 这么黑，我看不见。  ―  Zhème hēi, wǒ kàn bù jiàn.  ―  It's so dark; I can't see.
    她很怕黑。  ―  Tā hěn pà hēi.  ―  She is very afraid of the dark.
  3. evening; night
  4. illegal; clandestine; secret; shady
    黑市  ―  hēishì  ―  black market
    黑幫 / 黑帮  ―  hēibāng  ―  criminal gang
    黑名單 / 黑名单  ―  hēimíngdān  ―  blacklist
  5. sinister; evil
  6. to make fun of; to mock
  7. (computing) to hack
    黑客  ―  hēikè  ―  hacker
  8. hater
  9. Short for 黑龍江／黑龙江 (Hēilóngjiāng, “Heilongjiang province”).

Synonyms[edit]

Dialectal synonyms of 黑 (“black”)
Variety Location Words
Classical Classical 黑
Mandarin Beijing 黑
Taiwan 黑
Tianjin 黑
Jinan 黑
Xi'an 黑
Wuhan 黑、烏、青
Chengdu 黑、青
Yangzhou 黑
Hefei 黑
Cantonese Guangzhou 黑
Hong Kong 黑
Yangjiang 黑
Gan Nanchang 黑、烏、青
Hakka Meixian 烏
Jin Taiyuan 黑
Min Bei Jian'ou 烏、青
Min Dong Fuzhou 烏、青
Min Nan Xiamen 烏
Chaozhou 烏
Wu Shanghai 黑
Suzhou 黑
Wenzhou 黑、烏、青
Xiang Changsha 黑、青
Shuangfeng 黑、青

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 黑

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

See also:
黑

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 黒)

  1. black

Readings[edit]

Khitan[edit]

Noun[edit]

黑 ‎(kara)

  1. west

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

黑 • ‎(heuk) (hangeul 흑, McCune-Reischauer hŭk, Yale huk)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

黑 (hắc)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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