墨

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墨 U+58A8, 墨
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58A8
← 墧
[U+58A7] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 墩 →
[U+58A9]

墨 U+FA3A, 墨
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA3A
← 塀
[U+FA39] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 層 →
[U+FA3B]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

Stroke order
15 strokes
Stroke order (Japan)
14 strokes

墨 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+12 in Chinese, 土+11 in Japanese, 15 strokes in Chinese, 14 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 田土火土 (WGFG), four-corner 60104, composition ⿱黑土(GTHKV) or ⿱黒土(J))

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 238, character 40
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5469
  • Dae Jaweon: page 478, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 487, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+58A8

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 墨

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (黑) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
嚜 *mrɯɡs
嫼 *ʔmrɯːd
墨 *mlɯːɡ
默 *mlɯːɡ
纆 *mɯːɡ
黑 *hmlɯːɡ
潶 *hmlɯːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mlɯːɡ): phonetic 黑 (OC *hmlɯːɡ) + semantic 土 (“soil”).

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-maŋ ~ s-mak. Cognate with 黑 (OC *hmlɯːɡ, “black”).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note: me3 - in 黑墨鏡.
Note:
  • ba̍k - vernacular;
  • ba̍t - vernacular (variant in 墨賊);
  • be̍k/bia̍k/be̍rk - literary;
  • be̍rk - southern Nan'an (水頭鎮 area).
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Rime
    Character 墨
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 明 (4)
    Final (韻) 登 (131)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 莫北切
    Baxter mok
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/mək̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/mək̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/mək̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/mək̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/mək̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/mək̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/mək̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		mò
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		mak6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 墨
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		mò
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ mok ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*C.mˁək/
    English ink

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 墨
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 5106
    Phonetic
    component         		黑
    Rime
    group         		職
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		墨
    Old
    Chinese         		/*mlɯːɡ/

    Definitions[edit]

    墨

    1. Chinese ink or ink in general
      磨墨  ―  mó mò  ―  to grind an inkstick (against an inkstone)
    2. black; ink-coloured; dark
    3. (historical) to tattoo the face (e.g. as a punishment in Ancient China)
    4. (figurative) to embezzle
    5. (figurative) someone's poetry, essays, handwriting, or paintings
    6. (figurative) learning; knowledge
    7. Short for 墨家 (Mòjiā, “Mohism”).
    8. Short for 墨西哥 (Mòxīgē, “Mexico”).
    9. a surname
      墨翟  ―  Mò Dí  ―  Mo Di (full name of Mozi)
    10. (Cantonese) Alternative form of 癦 (“mole; nevus; pigmented spot on the skin”)
    Synonyms[edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 墨 (“ink (inkstick)”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 墨
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 墨
    Mandarin Beijing 墨
    Jinan 墨
    Xi'an 墨
    Wuhan 墨
    Chengdu 墨
    Yangzhou 黑墨
    Hefei 黑墨
    Cantonese Guangzhou 墨
    Hong Kong 墨
    Yangjiang 墨
    Hakka Meixian 墨
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 墨
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 墨
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 墨
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 墨
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 墨
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 墨
    Jin Taiyuan 墨子
    Min Bei Jian'ou 墨
    Min Dong Fuzhou 墨
    Min Nan Xiamen 墨
    Chaozhou 墨
    Wu Shanghai 墨
    Suzhou 墨
    Wenzhou 墨
    Xiang Changsha 墨
    Shuangfeng 墨

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    • → Buryat: бэхэ (bexe, “ink”)
    • → Indonesian: bak
    • → Khmer: មឹក (mɨk, “squid; ink”)
    • → Korean: 먹 (meok)
    • → Lao: ມຶກ (mưk, “ink; black”), ໝຶກ (mưk, “sepia from cuttlefish; ink; black”)
    • → Mongolian: бэх (bex, “ink”)
    • → Sogdian: 𐼺𐼸𐼰‎ (mkʾ /⁠*makā⁠/, “ink”)
    • → Thai: หมึก (mʉ̀k, “ink”), ปลาหมึก (bplaa-mʉ̀k, “cuttlefish”)
    • → Vietnamese: mực (“cuttlefish; ink”)

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    墨

    1. Only used in 墨杘.

    Pronunciation 3[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    墨

    1. to slander

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Shinjitai 墨
    Kyūjitai
    [1]
    墨
    &#xFA3A;
    or
    墨+&#xFE00;?
    墨󠄀
    墨+&#xE0100;?
    (Adobe-Japan1)
    墨󠄃
    墨+&#xE0103;?
    (Hanyo-Denshi)
    (Moji_Joho)
    The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
    See here for details.

    Kanji[edit]

    墨

    (common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 墨)

    1. ink, inkstick
    2. Mexico

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    墨
    すみ
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi
    Alternative spelling
    墨 (kyūjitai)
    For pronunciation and definitions of 墨 – see the following entry.
    【すみ】
    [noun] ink
    [noun] (specifically) India ink
    (This term, 墨, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    References[edit]

    1. ^ “墨”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎[1] (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015–2023

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    墨 (eumhun 먹 묵 (meok muk))

    1. Hanja form? of 묵 (“ink”).

    墨 (eumhun 교활할 미 (gyohwalhal mi))

    1. Hanja form? of 미 (“sly, cunning”).

    Miyako[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    墨

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    Noun[edit]

    墨(っふぃ) (ffï) 

    1. ink

    Southern Amami-Oshima[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    墨

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    Noun[edit]

    墨(すぃみ) (sïmi) 

    1. ink

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    墨: Hán Nôm readings: mặc, mực, mức

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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