翟

翟 U+7FDF, 翟 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7FDF ← 翞 [U+7FDE] CJK Unified Ideographs 翠 → [U+7FE0]

Translingual

Han character

翟 (Kangxi radical 124, 羽+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 尸一人土 (SMOG), four-corner 1721₄, composition ⿱羽隹)

Derived characters

• 濯, 䊮, 蠗, 嬥, 擢, 燿, 耀, 櫂, 躍, 趯, 曜, 藋, 𩱲

References

• KangXi: page 957, character 32
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28727
• Dae Jaweon: page 1403, character 17
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3350, character 6
• Unihan data for U+7FDF

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 翟
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (翟) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
櫂	*r'eːwɢs
濯	*r'eːwɢs, *r'eːwɢ
耀	*lewɢs
曜	*lewɢs
燿	*lewɢs
糶	*l̥ʰeːwɢs
粜	*l̥ʰeːwɢs
嬥	*l'eːw, *l'eːwʔ, *l'eːwɢs, *r'eːwɢ
藋	*l'eːwɢs
躍	*lewɢ
戳	*r'eːwɢ
擢	*r'eːwɢ
蠗	*r'eːwɢ
鸐	*r'eːwɢ
翟	*r'aːwɢ, *l'eːwɢ
趯	*l̥ʰeːwɢ
籊	*l̥ʰeːwɢ, *l'eːwɢ
糴	*l'eːwɢ
䊮	*l'eːwɢ

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 羽 (“feather”) + 隹 (“bird”).

Etymology 1

trad.		翟
simp. #		翟
alternative forms		狄

Schuessler (2007) suggests that the name of the long-tailed pheasant is related to 濯 (OC *d-liauk, “clean, brilliant, glossy; to moisten, to wash”) and its exopassive 濯 (OC *d-liaukh, “to wash clothes”) owing to the birds' shiny feathers. See there for further etymology.

STEDT derives this from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-rik ~ *s-rjak (“pheasant, partridge”).

Goldin (2011) proposes that 翟 (dí) and 狄 (dí, “northern foreigners”) are related, 狄 (dí) being a "pseudo-ethnonym" meaning "feathered".

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dí (di²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): dik⁶
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): te̍k / tia̍k

  (Teochew, Peng'im): dêg⁸

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dí
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dí
    • Wade–Giles: ti²
    • Yale: dí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dyi
    • Palladius: ди (di)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: dik⁶
    • Yale: dihk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dik⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: dig⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɪk̚²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: te̍k
    • Tâi-lô: ti̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dek
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɪk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɪk̚¹²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tia̍k
    • Tâi-lô: tia̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diak
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tiak̚²⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: dêg⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: te̍k
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tek̚⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: /dek̚/

Rime
Character	翟
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	青 (127)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	徒歷切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dek̚/
Pan Wuyun	/dek̚/
Shao Rongfen	/dɛk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dɛjk̚/
Li Rong	/dek̚/
Wang Li	/diek̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱiek̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dik6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤewk/

  (Zhengzhang): /*l'eːwɢ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	翟
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dí
Middle Chinese	‹ dek ›
Old Chinese	/*lˁewk/
English	pheasant
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	翟
Reading #	2/2
No.	2231
Phonetic component	翟
Rime group	藥
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	荻
Old Chinese	/*l'eːwɢ/
Notes	即表有長尾羽之雉

Definitions

翟

1. (archaic) a long-tailed species of pheasant

   • 羽畎夏翟 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]

     From: The Book of Documents, circa 7^th – 4^th centuries BCE

     yǔquǎn xiàdí [Pinyin]

     variegated long-tailed pheasants from the ravines of Feather Mountain.

2. (historical) pheasant plumes used in dances

   • 左手執籥、右手秉翟。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     左手执籥、右手秉翟。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Zuǒ shǒu zhí yào, yòu shǒu bǐng dí. [Pinyin]

     I grasp a flute with my left hand; I hold a pheasant's feather in my right hand.

3. (obsolete) things decorated with pheasant plumes

   • 玼兮玼兮、其之翟也。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Cǐ xī cǐ xī, qí zhī dí yě. [Pinyin]

     How rich and splendid is her pheasant-feather-decorated robe!

4. Alternative form of 狄 (dí).

   • 夫先王之制，邦內甸服，邦外侯服，侯衛賓服，夷蠻要服，戎翟荒服。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     夫先王之制，邦内甸服，邦外侯服，侯卫宾服，夷蛮要服，戎翟荒服。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

     Fú xiānwáng zhī zhì, bāngnèi diànfú, bāngwài hóufú, hóuwèi bīnfú, yímán yàofú, róngdí huāngfú. [Pinyin]

     According to the former kings' plan: insides the state should be the royal domain, outsides the state the nobility's domain, the nobility's attendants in the guest domain, the Yi and Man in the restricted domain, the Rong and Di in the desolate domain.

Compounds

• 翟子悲

• 褕翟

• 翬翟／翚翟

Etymology 2

trad.		翟
simp. #		翟

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhái (zhai²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄞˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zaak⁶
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): te̍k / tia̍k / the̍k

  (Teochew, Peng'im): dêg⁸

• Wu (Wiktionary): ⁵zaq

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhái
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄞˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhái
    • Wade–Giles: chai²
    • Yale: jái
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jair
    • Palladius: чжай (čžaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zaak⁶
    • Yale: jaahk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzaak⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zag⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saːk̚²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: te̍k
    • Tâi-lô: ti̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dek
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɪk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɪk̚¹²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tia̍k
    • Tâi-lô: tia̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diak
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tiak̚²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: the̍k
    • Tâi-lô: thi̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tek
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰiɪk̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: dêg⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: te̍k
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tek̚⁴/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: ⁵zaq
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /z̥a̱ʔ¹²/

---

• Middle Chinese: /ɖˠæk̚/

Rime
Character	翟
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	庚 (113)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	瑒伯切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖˠæk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖᵚak̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡak̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖaɨjk̚/
Li Rong	/ȡɐk̚/
Wang Li	/ȡɐk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱɐk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhé
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zak6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*r'aːwɢ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	翟
Reading #	1/2
No.	2227
Phonetic component	翟
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*r'aːwɢ/

Definitions

翟

1. a surname

Japanese

Kanji

翟

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. kind of pheasant

Readings

• On (unclassified): けき (keki); じゃく (jaku); たく (taku); てき (teki)
• Kun: きじ (kiji)

Korean

Hanja

翟 • (jeok, chaek) (hangeul 적, 책, revised jeok, chaek, McCune–Reischauer chŏk, ch'aek, Yale cek, chayk)

1. pheasant

Vietnamese

Han character

翟: Hán Nôm readings: địch

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