藥
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Contents
Translingual[edit]
| Traditional | 藥 |
|---|---|
| Shinjitai | 薬 |
| Simplified | 药 |
Han character[edit]
藥 (radical 140 艸+15, 21 strokes, cangjie input 廿女戈木 (TVID), four-corner 44904, composition ⿱艹樂)
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 1065, character 47
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32341
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3320, character 11
- Unihan data for U+85E5
Chinese[edit]
| trad. | 藥 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 药* | |
| alt. forms | 葯 薬 𤂼 𣛙 |
|
Glyph origin[edit]
| Characters in the same phonetic series (樂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 樂 | *ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ |
| 轢 | *raːd, *raːwɢ, *reːwɢ |
| 濼 | *pqʰlaːwɢ, *raːwɢ, *reːwɢ, *pqʰloːwɢ, *roːwɢ, *roːwɢ |
| 躒 | *raːwɢ, *reːwɢ |
| 擽 | *rawɢ, *reːwɢ |
| 爍 | *qʰljawɢ |
| 鑠 | *qʰljawɢ |
| 藥 | *lawɢ |
| 櫟 | *lawɢ, *reːwɢ |
| 纅 | *lawɢ |
| 礫 | *reːwɢ |
| 瓅 | *reːwɢ |
| 皪 | *reːwɢ |
| 觻 | *reːwɢ, *roːwɢ |
| 嚛 | *qʰloːwɢ, *qʰloːwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *lawɢ): semantic 艹 (“grass”) + phonetic 樂 (OC *ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ).
Pronunciation[edit]
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): joek6, ngok6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yo̍k
- Min Dong (BUC): iŏh
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): hhiaq (T5)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˋ
- Wade-Giles: yao4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yaw
- IPA (key): /i̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˋㄦ
- Wade-Giles: yaorh4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yaull
- IPA (key): /jaʊɻʷ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: yuo2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: iuo
- IPA (key): /yo²¹/
- (Dungan)
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: joek6, ngok6
- Yale: yeuhk, ngohk
- Cantonese Pinyin: joek9, ngok9
- Guangdong Romanization: yêg6, ngog6
- IPA (key): /jœːk̚²/, /ŋɔːk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
Note: ngok6 - surname.
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yo̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: iog
- Hagfa Pinyim: yog6
- IPA: /i̯ok̚⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yo̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)iog
- Hagfa Pinyim: yog6
- IPA: /(j)i̯ok̚⁵/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: iŏh
- IPA (key): /yoʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: io̍k
- Tâi-lô: io̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: iok
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /iɔk̚⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔk̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍k
- Tâi-lô: ia̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: iak
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /iak̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen)
Note:
- io̍k/ia̍k - literary;
- io̍h - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ioh8 / iêh8 / iag8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: io̍h / ie̍h / ia̍k
- IPA (key): /ioʔ⁴/, /ieʔ⁴/, /iak̚⁴/
Note:
- iêh8 - Chaozhou, Chenghai;
- iag8 - used in 芍藥.
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: hhiaq (T5)
- IPA (key): /ɦia̱ʔ¹²/
- (Shanghainese)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 藥 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 藥 (107) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 以灼切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/jɨɐk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/jiɐk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/iɑk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/jɨak̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/iak̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/jĭak̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/i̯ak̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yuè |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 藥 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
yào |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ yak › |
| Old Chinese |
/*m-r[e]wk/ |
| English | medicinal plant |
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 藥 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7680 |
| Phonetic component |
樂 |
| Rime group |
藥 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
藥 |
| Old Chinese |
/*lawɢ/ |
Definitions[edit]
藥
- medicine; drug; pharmaceutical
- substance used for a particular purpose (e.g. poisoning, fermenting, explosion)
- Short for 芍藥／芍药 (sháoyao).
- to treat; to cure
- to poison
- A surname.
See also[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 藥
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Japanese[edit]
| 薬 | |
| 藥 |
Kanji[edit]
藥
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 薬)
Readings[edit]
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Compounds[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- CJKV characters simplified differently in Japan and China
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Dungan lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Min Dong lemmas
- Min Nan lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Dungan nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Min Dong nouns
- Min Nan nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese hanzi
- Chinese Han characters
- Chinese terms with usage examples
- Chinese short forms
- Chinese surnames
- Beginning Mandarin
- Japanese Han characters
- Kanji used for names
- Japanese kanji with kun reading くすり-
- Japanese kanji with on reading やく
- Korean lemmas
- Korean Han characters
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
