曜

See also: 耀

曜 U+66DC, 曜 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-66DC ← 曛 [U+66DB] CJK Unified Ideographs 曝 → [U+66DD]

Translingual

Stroke order (Japan)

Han character

曜 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+14, 18 strokes, Cangjie input 日尸一土 (ASMG), four-corner 6701₅ or 6701₄, composition ⿰日翟)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 501, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14227
• Dae Jaweon: page 871, character 20
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1540, character 5
• Unihan data for U+66DC

Chinese

trad.		曜
simp. #		曜
2nd round simp.		𭀦
alternative forms		矅 𫞂 𣇪 𮜾

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (翟) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
櫂	*r'eːwɢs
濯	*r'eːwɢs, *r'eːwɢ
耀	*lewɢs
曜	*lewɢs
燿	*lewɢs
糶	*l̥ʰeːwɢs
粜	*l̥ʰeːwɢs
嬥	*l'eːw, *l'eːwʔ, *l'eːwɢs, *r'eːwɢ
藋	*l'eːwɢs
躍	*lewɢ
戳	*r'eːwɢ
擢	*r'eːwɢ
蠗	*r'eːwɢ
鸐	*r'eːwɢ
翟	*r'aːwɢ, *l'eːwɢ
趯	*l̥ʰeːwɢ
籊	*l̥ʰeːwɢ, *l'eːwɢ
糴	*l'eːwɢ
䊮	*l'eːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *lewɢs): semantic 日 (“sun”) + phonetic 翟 (OC *r'aːwɢ, *l'eːwɢ).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lewk (“to shine, flash”); cognate with Tibetan གློག (glog, “lightning”), Burmese လက် (lak, “to flash, scintillate”) (STEDT).

Within Sinitic, compare:

• 灼 (OC *pljewɢ, “to burn; brilliant; to illuminate”)
• 爍 (OC *qʰljawɢ, “to melt, fuse, shine”)
• 爚 (OC *hljowɢ, *lowɢ, “to shine, melt”)
• 的 (OC *pleːwɢ, “bright, brilliant; to mark in a target”)
• 耀 (OC *lewɢs), 燿 (OC *lewɢs, “to shine, gleam”)
• 霍 (OC *qʰʷaːɡ, “quickly, suddenly; lightning”)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yào, yuè (yao⁴, yue⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˋ, ㄩㄝˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu⁶
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): iāu

  (Teochew, Peng'im): iao⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yào
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yào
    • Wade–Giles: yao⁴
    • Yale: yàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yaw
    • Palladius: яо (jao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑʊ̯⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yuè
    • Zhuyin: ㄩㄝˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yuè
    • Wade–Giles: yüeh⁴
    • Yale: ywè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yueh
    • Palladius: юэ (jue)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɥɛ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jiu⁶
    • Yale: yiuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jiu⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yiu⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːu̯²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iāu
    • Tâi-lô: iāu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iau
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /iau²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /iau⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /iau²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /iau³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /iau³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: iao⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iău
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iau³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: yewH

Rime
Character	曜
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	弋照切
Baxter	yewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiᴇuH/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɛuH/
Shao Rongfen	/jæuH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jiawH/
Li Rong	/iɛuH/
Wang Li	/jĭɛuH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯ɛuH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jiu6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*lewk-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*lewɢs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	曜
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yào
Middle Chinese	‹ yewH ›
Old Chinese	/*lewk-s/
English	shine
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	曜
Reading #	1/1
No.	2212
Phonetic component	翟
Rime group	豹
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	燿
Old Chinese	/*lewɢs/

Definitions

曜 (literary)

1. sunlight, daylight; brilliance
2. alternative form of 耀 (“to shine, illuminate; to display, flaunt”)
3. (alt. form 耀) one of the seven luminaries (the sun, the moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn)

Compounds

• 七曜 (qīyào)
• 九曜 (Jiǔyào)
• 乾曜 / 干曜
• 五曜
• 兩曜 / 两曜
• 吐曜
• 土曜 (tǔyào)
• 惡曜 / 恶曜
• 日曜 (rìyào)
• 日曜日 (rìyàorì)
• 星曜
• 晞曜
• 普曜經 / 普曜经
• 曜日 (yàorì)
• 曜靈 / 曜灵 (yàolíng)
• 月曜 (yuèyào)
• 月曜日 (yuèyàorì)
• 木曜 (mùyào)
• 木曜日 (mùyàorì)
• 水曜 (shuǐyào)
• 水曜日 (shuǐyàorì)
• 火曜 (huǒyào)
• 火曜日 (huǒyàorì)
• 炳曜
• 眩曜
• 臨時臨曜 / 临时临曜 (Hokkien)
• 金曜 (jīnyào)
• 震曜
• 黑曜岩 (hēiyàoyán)

Further reading

• Institute of Linguistics, CASS, editor (2016), “曜”, in 现代汉语词典 [Xiandai Hanyu Cidian], seventh edition, Beijing: The Commercial Press, →ISBN.
• “曜”, in 重編國語辭典修訂本 [Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary] (in Chinese), National Academy for Educational Research (Taiwan), 2021.
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B01587
• 羅竹風 [Luo, Zhufeng], editor (1986–1994), “曜”, in 漢語大詞典 [Hanyu Da Cidian] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, →ISBN

Japanese

Shinjitai	曜
Kyūjitai	曜󠄁 曜+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	曜󠄃 曜+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Alternative forms

• 𫞂 — ryakuji

Kanji

曜

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

1. to shine brightly, shine
2. light
3. one of the seven luminaries (the sun, the moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, and Saturn)
4. name assigning the seven luminaries to the seven days of a week

Readings

• Go-on: よう (yō, Jōyō)^{←えう (eu, historical)←𛀁う (yeu, ancient)}
• Kan-on: よう (yō, Jōyō)^{←えう (eu, historical)←𛀁う (yeu, ancient)}
• Kun: かがやく (kagayaku, 曜く)、ひかり (hikari, 曜)、ひかる (hikaru, 曜る)
• Nanori: あき (aki)、あきら (akira)、かぐや (kaguya)、てらす (terasu)、てる (teru)、ひかり (hikari)

Compounds

• 七(しち)曜(よう) (shichiyō)
• 七(しち)曜(よう)星(せい) (shichiyōsei)
• 両(りょう)曜(よう) (ryōyō)
• 九(く)曜(よう)星(せい) (kuyōsei), 九(く)曜(よう) (kuyō)
• 何(なん)曜(よう) (nan'yō), 何(なん)曜(よう)日(び) (nan'yōbi)
• 光(こう)曜(よう) (kōyō)
• 八(はち)曜(よう) (hachiyō)
• 六(ろく)曜(よう) (rokuyō)
• 吉(きち)曜(よう) (kichiyō)
• 土(ど)曜(よう) (doyō), 土(ど)曜(よう)日(び) (doyōbi)
• 宿(すく)曜(よう) (sukuyō), 宿(しゅく)曜(よう) (shukuyō)
• 宿(すく)曜(よう)経(きょう) (Sukuyō-kyō)
• 日(にち)曜(よう) (nichiyō), 日(にち)曜(よう)日(び) (nichiyōbi)
• 曜(よう)変(へん)天(てん)目(もく) (yōhentenmoku), 曜(よう)変(へん) (yōhen)
• 曜(よう)威(い) (yōi)
• 曜(よう)日(び) (yōbi)
• 曜(よう)霊(れい) (yōrei)
• 曜(よう)魄(はく) (yōhaku)
• 月(げつ)曜(よう) (getsuyō), 月(げつ)曜(よう)日(び) (getsuyōbi)
• 木(もく)曜(よう) (mokuyō), 木(もく)曜(よう)日(び) (mokuyōbi)
• 水(すい)曜(よう) (suiyō), 水(すい)曜(よう)日(び) (suiyōbi)
• 火(か)曜(よう) (kayō), 火(か)曜(よう)日(び) (kayōbi)
• 金(きん)曜(よう) (kin'yō), 金(きん)曜(よう)日(び) (kin'yōbi)
• 黒(こく)曜(よう)石(せき) (kokuyōseki)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
曜
よう Grade: 2
on'yomi

/jieu/ → /jeu/ → /jəː/ → /joː/

From Middle Chinese 曜 (MC yewH).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [jo̞ː]
• (Tokyo) よー [yóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])

Proper noun

曜(よう) • (Yō) ^{←えう (Eu)?}

1. a male given name

Further reading

• “曜”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 曜 (MC yewH).

Historical readings

• Recorded as Middle Korean 요ᇢ〮 (Yale: yów) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
• Recorded as Middle Korean 요〯 (ywǒ) (Yale: yǒ) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [jo]
• Phonetic hangul: [요]

Hanja

曜 (eumhun 빛날 요 (binnal yo))

1. to shine
2. to illuminate
3. to boast, flaunt
4. sunlight
5. celestial body
6. seven luminaries
7. day of the week

Compounds

• 七曜日(칠요일) (chiryoil), 七曜(칠요) (chiryo)
• 七曜曆(칠요력) (Chiryoryeok)
• 乘用車曜日制(승용차 요일제) (seung'yongcha yoil-je)
• 九曜星(구요성) (guyoseong)
• 劉曜(유요) (Yu-Yo)
• 土曜休業日(토요 휴업일) (toyo hyueobil)
• 土曜日(토요일) (toyoil), 土曜(토요) (toyo)
• 土曜病(토요병) (toyobyeong)
• 宿曜(수요) (suyo)
• 日曜作家(일요작가) (iryojakga)
• 日曜學校(일요학교) (iryohakgyo)
• 日曜日(일요일) (iryoil), 日曜(일요) (iryo)
• 日曜版(일요판) (iryopan)
• 日曜畫家(일요화가) / 日曜畵家(일요화가) (iryohwaga)
• 日曜病(일요병) (iryobyeong)
• 曜宿(요수) (yosu)
• 曜日別(요일별) (yoilbyeol)
• 曜日指定制(요일 지정제) (yoil jijeong-je)
• 曜日板(요일판) (yoilpan)
• 曜日表(요일표) (yoilpyo)
• 曜日(요일) (yoil)
• 曜金門(요금문) (Yogeummun)
• 曜靈(요령) (yoryeong)
• 曜魄(요백) (yobaek)
• 月曜日(월요일) (woryoil), 月曜(월요) (woryo)
• 月曜病(월요병) (woryobyeong)
• 木曜日(목요일) (mogyoil), 木曜(목요) (mogyo)
• 水曜日(수요일) (suyoil), 水曜(수요) (suyo)
• 洗足木曜日(세족 목요일) (sejok mogyoil)
• 火曜日(화요일) (hwayoil), 火曜(화요) (hwayo)
• 火曜會(화요회) (Hwayohoe)
• 聖土曜日(성토요일) (seongtoyoil)
• 聖木曜日(성목요일) (seongmogyoil)
• 聖金曜日(성금요일) (seonggeumyoil)
• 自律曜日制(자율 요일제) (jayul yoil-je)
• 芒曜(망요) (mang'yo)
• 選擇曜日制(선택 요일제) (seontaek yoil-je)
• 金曜勞動(금요로동) (geumyorodong)
• 金曜成形族(금요 성형족) (geumyo seonghyeongjok)
• 金曜日效果(금요일 효과) (geumyoil hyogwa)
• 金曜日滿期(금요일 만기) (geumyoil man'gi)
• 金曜日(금요일) (geumyoil), 金曜(금요) (geumyo)
• 顯曜(현요) (hyeonyo)
• 黑曜巖(흑요암) (heugyoam)
• 黑曜石器(흑요석기) (heugyoseokgi)
• 黑曜石(흑요석) (heugyoseok)

Further reading

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

Hán Nôm

曜: Hán Việt readings: diệu
曜: Nôm readings: rọi

1. chữ Hán form of diệu (“to shine brightly; to show off”)
2. chữ Nôm form of rọi (“to shine, beam”)

Compounds

• 九曜 (cửu diệu)
• 水曜 (thủy diệu/thuỷ diệu)
• 照曜 (chiếu diệu)
• 誇曜 (khoa diệu)