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요

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: -요
요 U+C694, 요
HANGUL SYLLABLE YO
Composition:ㅇ + ㅛ
← 욓
[U+C693] 		Hangul Syllables 욕 →
[U+C695]
요욕욖욗욘욙욚
욛욜욝욞욟욠욡
욢욣욤욥욦욧욨
용욪욫욬욭욮욯
외 ←→ 우

Korean

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Etymology 1

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Particle

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요 • (yo)

  1. For the verb-final particle, see the entry at -요 (-yo).

Etymology 2

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First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 요 (Yale: yo), derived from 이 (i, “this”) with a yang vowel introduced for sound-symbolic diminutiveness.

Pronunciation

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Romanizations
Revised Romanization?yo
Revised Romanization (translit.)?yo
McCune–Reischauer?yo
Yale Romanization?yo

Determiner

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요 • (yo)

  1. (diminutive) this (little)
    Synonym: 이 (i, “this”, non-diminutive)
    Coordinate terms: 고 (go, “that”, mesial diminutive), 조 (jo, “that”, distal diminutive)
    요 애기 너무 귀엽다!
    yo aegi neomu gwiyeopda!
    This baby is so cute!
    요 새끼가 뭐라고?
    yo saekki-ga mworago?
    What did this little bastard say?

Etymology 3

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First attested in the Won'gakgyeong eonhae (圓覺經諺解 / 원각경언해), 1465, as Middle Korean ᅀᅭᇂ (Yale: zywòh), from Late Middle Chinese 褥 (MC nyowk). Whether Korean lenited the final -k̚ to -h as part of its general leniting process, or whether the Middle Chinese source was a late variety that had already lenited the plosive codas to -ɣ or -ʔ which was then borrowed as -h, is disputed.[1]

Pronunciation

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Romanizations
Revised Romanization?yo
Revised Romanization (translit.)?yo
McCune–Reischauer?yo
Yale Romanization?yo

Noun

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요 • (yo)

  1. a blanket on which one sleeps, often used in Korea in lieu of beds
Derived terms
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  • 담요 (damyo, “blanket (in general)”)

Etymology 4

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    Sino-Korean word from 要 (“necessary”).

    Pronunciation

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    Romanizations
    Revised Romanization?yo
    Revised Romanization (translit.)?yo
    McCune–Reischauer?yo
    Yale Romanization?yo

    Noun

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    요 • (yo) (hanja 要)

    1. synonym of 요지(要旨) (“main idea”)

    Prefix

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    요— • (yo-) (hanja 要)

    1. (formal) required, necessary
      요보호아동
      yobohoadong
      at-risk children
      (literally, “children in need of protection”)

    Suffix

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    —요 • (-yo) (hanja 要)

    1. (formal, written) required, necessary
      신분증 지참 요
      sinbunjeung jicham yo
      required to bring proof of identity

    Usage notes

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    The prefix is not spaced, but the suffix often is.

    Derived terms

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    Etymology 5

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      Sino-Korean word from 尿 (“urine”).

      Pronunciation

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      Romanizations
      Revised Romanization?yo
      Revised Romanization (translit.)?yo
      McCune–Reischauer?yo
      Yale Romanization?yo

      Noun

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      South Korean
      Standard Language             		요(尿) (yo)
      North Korean
      Standard Language             		뇨(尿) (nyo)

      요 • (yo) (hanja 尿)

      1. (formal, academic) urine
        Synonym: 오줌 (ojum, usual non-academic term)
        요에 당이 과다하게 나타나고 있습니다.
        Yo-e dan-g'i gwadahage natanago itseumnida.
        An excessive quantity of sugar is appearing in the urine.
      Derived terms
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      Etymology 6

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        Sino-Korean word from 遼 (“the Liao”).

        Pronunciation

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        Romanizations
        Revised Romanization?Yo
        Revised Romanization (translit.)?Yo
        McCune–Reischauer?Yo
        Yale Romanization?yo

        Proper noun

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        South Korean
        Standard Language                 		요(遼) (Yo)
        North Korean
        Standard Language                 		료(遼) (Ryo)

        요 • (Yo) (hanja 遼)

        1. (formal) the Liao, a medieval Khitan empire
          Synonym: 요나라 (Yonara, “the Liao”, usual non-academic term)
        Usage notes
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        • As with all historical Chinese polities with a single-character name, the Liao are usually referred to with the suffix 나라 (nara, “nation, country”) as 요나라 (Yo-nara, “the Liao country”) outside of formal contexts.
        Derived terms
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        Etymology 7

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          Sino-Korean word from 堯 (“Emperor Yao”).

          Pronunciation

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          Romanizations
          Revised Romanization?Yo
          Revised Romanization (translit.)?Yo
          McCune–Reischauer?Yo
          Yale Romanization?yo

          Proper noun

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          요 • (Yo) (hanja 堯)

          1. synonym of 요임금 (Yo-imgeum, “Emperor Yao, legendary ruler of ancient China”)
          Derived terms
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          Etymology 8

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          Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters, from Middle Korean 요 (Yale: yò), 요〯 (Yale: yǒ), ᅀᅭ (Yale: zyò), or ᅀᅭ〯 (Yale: zyǒ).

          Syllable

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          요 • (yo)

          More information
          1. 要: important
            (eumhun reading: 요긴할 요 (yoginhal yo))
            (MC reading: 要 (MC 'jiew|'jiewH))
          2. 謠: song
            (eumhun reading: 노래 요 (norae yo))
            (MC reading: 謠 (MC yew))
          3. 曜: shine, radiant
            (eumhun reading: 빛날 요 (binnal yo))
            (MC reading: 曜 (MC yewH))
          4. 搖: shake
            (eumhun reading: 흔들 요 (heundeul yo))
            (MC reading: 搖 (MC yew))
          5. 堯: Emperor Yao
            (eumhun reading: 요임금 요 (yoimgeum yo))
            (MC reading: 堯 (MC ngew))
          6. 窯: kiln for roof tiles
            (eumhun reading: 기와 굽는 가마 요 (giwa gumneun gama yo))
            (MC reading: 窯 (MC yew))
          7. 蟯: pinworm
            (eumhun reading: 요충 요 (yochung yo))
            (MC reading: 蟯 (MC nyew|'jiew))
          8. 嶢: high, towering
            (eumhun reading: 높을 요 (nopeul yo))
            (MC reading: 嶢 (MC ngew))
          9. 妖: cunning
            (eumhun reading: 요사할 요 (yosahal yo))
            (MC reading: 妖 (MC 'jew))
          10. 腰: waist
            (eumhun reading: 허리 요 (heori yo))
            (MC reading: 腰 (MC 'jiew))
          11. 耀: shine, radiant
            (eumhun reading: 빛날 요 (binnal yo))
            (MC reading: 耀 (MC yewH))
          12. 擾: disturbance, commotion
            (eumhun reading: 시끄러울 요 (sikkeureoul yo))
            (MC reading: 擾 (MC nyewX))
          13. 凹: concave
            (eumhun reading: 오목할 요 (omokhal yo))
            (MC reading: 凹 (MC 'eap))
          14. 姚: pretty
            (eumhun reading: 예쁠 요 (yeppeul yo))
            (MC reading: 姚 (MC yew))
          15. 遙: distant
            (eumhun reading: 멀 요 (meol yo))
            (MC reading: 遙 (MC yew))
          16. 橈: bent, curved
            (eumhun reading: 굽을 요 (gubeul yo))
            (MC reading: 橈 (MC nyew|nraewH))
          17. 繞: surround
            (eumhun reading: 두를 요 (dureul yo))
            (MC reading: 繞 (MC nyewX|nyewH))
          18. 僥: by luck
            (eumhun reading: 요할 요 (yohal yo))
            (MC reading: 僥 (MC ngew))
          19. 拗: stubborn
            (eumhun reading: 우길 요 (ugil yo))
            (MC reading: 拗 (MC 'aewX))
          20. 夭: die young
            (eumhun reading: 일찍 죽을 요 (iljjik jugeul yo))
            (MC reading: 夭 (MC 'jew|'jewX|'awX))
          21. 瑤: precious stone
            (eumhun reading: 아름다운 옥 요 (areumdaun ok yo))
            (MC reading: 瑤 (MC yew))
          22. 饒: sufficient
            (eumhun reading: 넉넉할 요 (neongneokhal yo))
            (MC reading: 饒 (MC nyew|nyewH))
          23. 邀: greet, encounter
            (eumhun reading: 맞을 요 (majeul yo))
            (MC reading: 邀 (MC kew|'jiew))
          24. 窈: calm, tranquil
            (eumhun reading: 그윽할 요 (geueukhal yo))
            (MC reading: 窈 (MC 'ewX))
          25. 樂: enjoy
            (eumhun reading: 즐거울 요 (jeulgeoul yo))
            (MC reading: 樂 (MC ngaewH|ngaewk|lak))
          26. 燿: alternative form of 耀
            (eumhun reading: 빛날 요 (binnal yo))
            (MC reading: 燿 (MC yewH))
          27. 撓: confused
            (eumhun reading: 어지러울 요 (eojireoul yo))
            (MC reading: 撓 (MC xaw|nraewX))
          28. 偠: slender
            (eumhun reading: 날씬할 요 (nalssinhal yo))
            (MC reading: 偠 (MC 'ewX))
          29. 喓: onomatopoeia of insect sounds
            (eumhun reading: 벌레 소리 요 (beolle sori yo))
            (MC reading: 喓 (MC 'jiew))
          30. 坳: hollow, cavity
            (eumhun reading: 우묵할 요 (umukhal yo))
            (MC reading: 坳 (MC 'aew))
          31. 墝: arid land
            (eumhun reading: 메마른 땅 요 (memareun ttang yo))
            (MC reading: 墝 (MC khaew))
          32. 幺: small
            (eumhun reading: 작을 요 (jageul yo))
            (MC reading: 幺 (MC 'ew))
          33. 徭: corvee
            (eumhun reading: 역사 요 (yeoksa yo))
            (MC reading: 徭)
          34. 繇: alternative form of 徭
            (eumhun reading: 역사 요 (yeoksa yo))
            (MC reading: 繇 (MC yew|yuw|drjuwH))
          35. 徼: survey
            (eumhun reading: 돌 요 (dol yo))
            (MC reading: 徼 (MC kew|kewH))
          36. 殀: alternative form of 夭
            (MC reading: 殀 (MC 'jewX))
          37. 澆: irrigate
            (eumhun reading: 물 달 요 (mul dal yo))
            (MC reading: 澆 (MC kew|ngewH))
          38. 祅: catastrophe
            (eumhun reading: 재앙 요 (jaeang yo))
            (MC reading: 祅 (MC 'jew))
          39. 穾: deep, profound
            (eumhun reading: 깊을 요 (gipeul yo))
            (MC reading: 穾)
          40. 窅: sunken eyes
            (eumhun reading: 움펑눈 요 (umpeongnun yo))
            (MC reading: 窅 (MC 'aew|'ewX))
          41. 蕘: firewood
            (eumhun reading: 땔나무 요 (ttaellamu yo))
            (MC reading: 蕘 (MC nyew))
          42. 遶: alternative form of 繞
            (eumhun reading: 두를 요 (dureul yo))
            (MC reading: 遶 (MC nyewX))
          43. 鷂: sparrowhawk
            (eumhun reading: 새매 요 (saemae yo))
            (MC reading: 鷂 (MC yew|yewH))

          Etymology 9

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          South Korean reading of various Chinese characters in isolation or as the first element of a compound, and also the reading in most dialects in 1945, excluding Pyongan and Yukjin. From Middle Korean 료 (Yale: lyò) or 료〯 (Yale: lyǒ). When preceded by another character in a compound, they retain the original 료 (ryo) form.

          In the North Korean standard, they are always read as 료 (ryo).

          Syllable

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          요 • (yo)

          More information
          1. 料: count, measure
            (eumhun reading: 헤아릴 요 (hearil yo))
            (MC reading: 料 (MC lew|lewH))
          2. 療: cure illness
            (eumhun reading: 병 고칠 요 (byeong gochil yo))
            (MC reading: 療 (MC ljewH))
          3. 僚: companion, coworker
            (eumhun reading: 동료 요 (dongnyo yo))
            (MC reading: 僚 (MC lew|ljewX))
          4. 遼: distant
            (eumhun reading: 멀 요 (meol yo))
            (MC reading: 遼 (MC lew))
          5. 了: finish
            (eumhun reading: 마칠 요 (machil yo))
            (MC reading: 了 (MC lewX))
          6. 寥: quiet, lonely
            (eumhun reading: 쓸쓸할 요 (sseulsseulhal yo))
            (MC reading: 寥 (MC lew|lek))
          7. 寮: government official
            (eumhun reading: 벼슬아치 요 (byeoseurachi yo))
            (MC reading: 寮 (MC lew))
          8. 燎: torchfire
            (eumhun reading: 횃불 요 (hwaetbul yo))
            (MC reading: 燎 (MC ljew|ljewX|ljewH))
          9. 蓼: knotweed
            (eumhun reading: 여뀌 요 (yeokkwi yo))
            (MC reading: 蓼 (MC lewX|ljuwk))
          10. 瞭: bright (of the eyes)
            (eumhun reading: 밝을 요 (balgeul yo))
            (MC reading: 瞭 (MC lew|lewX))
          11. 聊: at least
            (eumhun reading: 애오라지 요 (ae'oraji yo))
            (MC reading: 聊 (MC lew))
          12. 鬧: loud, chatteringly
            (eumhun reading: 시끄러울 요 (sikkeureoul yo))
            (MC reading: 鬧 (MC nraewH))
          13. 嘹: resonant
            (eumhun reading: 울 요 (ul yo))
            (MC reading: 嘹 (MC lew|lewH))
          14. 嫽: play
            (eumhun reading: 장난칠 요 (jangnanchil yo))
            (MC reading: 嫽 (MC lew|ljewX|lewH))
          15. 撩: govern, arrange
            (eumhun reading: 다스릴 요 (daseuril yo))
            (MC reading: 撩 (MC lew|lewX))
          16. 暸: bright
            (eumhun reading: 밝을 요 (balgeul yo))
            (MC reading: 暸)
          17. 潦: flood
            (eumhun reading: 큰비 요 (keunbi yo))
            (MC reading: 潦 (MC lawX|lawH))
          18. 繚: wind around
            (eumhun reading: 감길 요 (gamgil yo))
            (MC reading: 繚 (MC lew|lewX|ljewX))
          19. 醪: rice wine
            (eumhun reading: 막걸리 요 (makgeolli yo))
            (MC reading: 醪 (MC law))
          20. 鐐: silver
            (eumhun reading: 은 요 (eun yo))
            (MC reading: 鐐 (MC lew|lewH))
          21. 飂: onomatopoeia for wind
            (eumhun reading: 바람 소리 요 (baram sori yo))
            (MC reading: 飂 (MC ljuw|ljuwH))

          Etymology 10

          [edit]

          South Korean reading of various Chinese characters in isolation or as the first element of a compound, and also the reading in most dialects in 1945, excluding Pyongan and Yukjin. From Middle Korean 뇨 (Yale: nyò) or 뇨〯 (Yale: nyǒ). When preceded by another character in a compound, they retain the original 뇨 (nyo) form.

          In the North Korean standard, they are always read as 뇨 (nyo).

          Syllable

          [edit]

          요 • (yo)

          More information
          1. 尿: urine
            (eumhun reading: 오줌 요 (ojum yo))
            (MC reading: 尿 (MC newH))
          2. 嬈: pretty
            (eumhun reading: 아리따울 요 (arittaul yo))
            (MC reading: 嬈 (MC newX|nyewX|xewH))
          3. 嬲: mock
            (eumhun reading: 희롱할 요 (huironghal yo))
            (MC reading: 嬲 (MC newX))
          4. 淖: mud
            (eumhun reading: 진흙 요 (jinheuk yo))
            (MC reading: 淖 (MC nraewH))
          5. 裊: curling upwards
            (eumhun reading: 간드러질 요 (gandeureojil yo))
            (MC reading: 裊 (MC newX))
          6. 鐃: big cymbal
            (eumhun reading: 징 요 (jing yo))
            (MC reading: 鐃 (MC nraew))
          7. 嫋: alternative form of 裊
            (eumhun reading: 예쁠 요 (yeppeul yo))
            (MC reading: 嫋 (MC newX))

          References

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          1. ^ 신승용 (Shin Seung-yong) (2003), “/k/ > /h/ 變(변)化(화)에 對(대)한 考(고)察(찰) [Study on the /k/ > /h/ shift]”, in Gugeohak, volume 41, pages 93—122
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