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堯

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 尧
堯 U+582F, 堯
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-582F
← 堮
[U+582E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 堰 →
[U+5830]

Translingual

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Traditional 堯
Shinjitai
(extended) 		尭
Simplified 尧

Han character

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堯 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 土土土山 (GGGU), four-corner 40211, composition ⿱垚兀)

Derived characters

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Additional Derived Characters

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 234, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5272
  • Dae Jaweon: page 471, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 459, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+582F

Chinese

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trad. 堯
simp. 尧
alternative forms 垚
尭
𠒖
𡊪
𡋰

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (垚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
撓 *hŋaːw, *rŋaːw, *rnaːwʔ
鐃 *rŋaːw
譊 *rŋaːw
橈 *rŋaːws, *ŋjew
磽 *ŋ̊ʰreːw, *ŋreːws, *ŋ̊ʰeːwʔ
墝 *ŋ̊ʰreːw
穘 *hŋreːw
顤 *hŋreːw, *ŋeːws
燒 *hŋjew, *hŋjaws
饒 *ŋjew, *ŋjaws
蟯 *ŋjew, *ʔŋew
蕘 *ŋjew
襓 *ŋjew
繞 *ŋjewʔ, *ŋjaws
遶 *ŋjewʔ
嬈 *njewʔ, *neːwʔ, *hŋeːws
趬 *ŋ̊ʰew, *ŋ̊ʰews
蹺 *ŋ̊ʰew
翹 *ɡew, *ɡews
澆 *ŋkeːw, *ŋeːws
驍 *ŋkeːw
僥 *kŋeːwʔ, *ŋeːw
堯 *ŋeːw
垚 *ŋeːw
嶢 *ŋeːw
獟 *ŋeːws
膮 *hŋeːw, *hŋeːwʔ
嘵 *hŋeːw
憢 *hŋeːw
曉 *hŋeːwʔ
皢 *hŋeːwʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋeːw): phonetic 垚 (OC *ŋeːw) + semantic 兀 (“towering and bald”). Also an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 垚 (“tall (of earth)”) + 兀 (“towering and bald”).

The oracle bone script consists of two 土 (“soil; earth”) at the top and a kneeling man stylized as 兀 at the bottom.

Etymology

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Compare the second syllable of Burmese အငူ (a.ngu, “promontory, headland, cape”) (Luce, 1981).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • ngiao5 - Shantou;
  • ngiou5 - Chaozhou.
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 堯
    Mandarin Beijing /iau³⁵/
    Harbin /iau²⁴/
    Tianjin /iɑu⁴⁵/
    Jinan /iɔ⁴²/
    Qingdao /iɔ⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /iau⁴²/
    Xi'an /iau²⁴/
    Xining /iɔ²⁴/
    Yinchuan /iɔ⁵³/
    Lanzhou /iɔ⁵³/
    Ürümqi /ʐɔ⁵¹/
    Wuhan /iau²¹³/
    Chengdu /iau³¹/
    Guiyang /iao²¹/
    Kunming /iɔ³¹/
    Nanjing /iɔo²⁴/
    Hefei /iɔ⁵⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /iau¹¹/
    Pingyao
    Hohhot /iɔ³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /ɦiɔ²³/
    /ȵiɔ²³/
    Suzhou /ɦiæ¹³/
    Hangzhou /ȵiɔ²¹³/
    Wenzhou /ȵa³¹/
    Hui Shexian /niɔ⁴⁴/
    Tunxi /io⁴⁴/
    Xiang Changsha /iau¹³/
    Xiangtan /iaɯ¹²/
    Gan Nanchang
    Hakka Meixian /ŋiau¹¹/
    Taoyuan /ŋieu²²/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /jiu²¹/
    Nanning /jiu²¹/
    Hong Kong /jiu²¹/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /giau³⁵/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /ŋieu⁵³/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /iau²¹/
    Shantou (Teochew) /ŋiãu⁵⁵/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /zau³¹/
    Rime
    Character 堯
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
    Final (韻) 蕭 (93)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) IV
    Fanqie 五聊切
    Baxter ngew
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ŋeu/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ŋeu/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ŋeu/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ŋɛw/
    Li
    Rong         		/ŋeu/
    Wang
    Li         		/ŋieu/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/ŋieu/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		yáo
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		jiu4
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 堯
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		yáo
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ ngew ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[ŋ]ˁew/
    English high

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 堯
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 14689
    Phonetic
    component         		垚
    Rime
    group         		宵
    Rime
    subdivision         		2
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		堯
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ŋeːw/

    Definitions

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    堯

    1. (historical dictionaries only) lofty; high
    2. Emperor Yao, legendary ruler of ancient China
    3. a surname
    4. (Mainland China) yotta- (SI unit prefix)
      Synonym: 佑 (yòu) (Taiwan)

    Compounds

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    References

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    Japanese

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    Shinjitai
    (extended)

    		尭

    Print
    standard

    		堯

    Kanji

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    堯

    (Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 尭)

    1. high
    2. far

    Readings

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    • Go-on: ぎょう (gyō)←げう (geu, historical)
    • Kan-on: ぎょう (gyō)←げう (geu, historical)
    • Kun: たかい (takai, 堯い)

    Korean

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    Hanja

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    堯 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    堯: Hán Nôm readings: nghiêu, nghẻo, nghễu, nhao, nhiều

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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