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See also: and
U+5176, 其
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5176

[U+5175]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5177]

Translingual

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Stroke order
8 strokes
Stroke order

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 12, +6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 廿一一金 (TMMC), four-corner 44801, composition 𠄠)

Derived characters

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See also

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 127, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1472
  • Dae Jaweon: page 286, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 245, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5176

Bala

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Etymology

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Cognate with Manchu ᠊ᠴᡳ (-ci).

Suffix

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(-qi)

  1. Used to form the ablative case.

References

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  • “The Only Known Text from Bala, an Extinct Tungusic Language”, in Studia Orientalia Electronica[1], volume 9, number 1, 2021, pages 173–191

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
2nd round simp. ⿱卄人
alternative forms ancient

𢍌
𠀠 ancient

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

In the oracle bone script, it was originally 𠀠, a pictogram (象形) of a basket.

In the bronze inscriptions, was added under the basket to represent a stand. It may also have acted as a phonetic component. Hence, the modified version was 𠔝.

Later borrowed for an Old Chinese pronoun. The derivative (OC *kɯ) refers to the original word.

Etymology

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third-person possessive pronoun
Schuessler (2007) notes its origin is not certain because in the linguistic area pronouns tend to be of the shape KV (K=velar stop; V=vowel). Perhaps Sino-Tibetan; compare Mizo khi (that), Tibetan -ཀྱི, -གྱི (-kyi, -gyi, genitive suffix), but a Tibeto-Burman /a/ should be expected in this set. Alternatively, Proto-Austroasiatic *ki/ke ~ *ku/ko (third person pronoun) whose earliest form is perhaps *kɨ (Pinnow, 1965) appears to be phonologically closest to the OC word. (OC *ɡɯ) may be related to (OC *ɡa, “he”).
modal particle "should; probably"
Probably cognate with (OC *ɡɯ, “stipulated time; time”), (OC *kɯ, “year”) (Serruys, 1982).

Pronunciation 1

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (30)
Final () (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter gi
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɡɨ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɡɨ/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɡie/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/gɨ/
Li
Rong
/ɡiə/
Wang
Li
/ɡĭə/
Bernard
Karlgren
/gi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
kei4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ gi › ‹ gi ›
Old
Chinese
/*ɡə/ /*ɡə/
English modal particle (3p possessive)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 9947
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡɯ/

Definitions

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  1. his; her; its; their
    各司各司  ―  gèsīzhí  ―  each person performs his own function
  2. he; she; it; they; one
    所好  ―  tóusuǒhào  ―  to adapt to somebody's taste (lit. to cater to that which one likes)
  3. that; those
  4. (literary) among which; therein
  5. (literary) probably; perhaps
    Synonyms: 大概 (dàgài), 或許或许 (huòxǔ)
  6. (obsolete) particle indicating intention; let, shall, will
  7. (literary) adverb indicating a rhetorical question
    Synonyms: (), 難道难道 (nándào)
  8. (literary) adverb indicating imperative
  9. (obsolete) if
  10. (obsolete) conjunction indicating a question with choices; or
  11. (Eastern Min or obsolete) possessive particle.
  12. a surname
Synonyms
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Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (28)
Final () (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter ki
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kɨ/
Pan
Wuyun
/kɨ/
Shao
Rongfen
/kie/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kɨ/
Li
Rong
/kiə/
Wang
Li
/kĭə/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ki/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gei1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 9937
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kɯ/

Definitions

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  1. (obsolete) Used at the end of a sentence to show doubt.
  2. (obsolete) Used in personal names.
      ―  Lì Yì  ―  Li Yiji (an advisor to Liu Bang)

Descendants

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  • Vietnamese:

Pronunciation 3

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Definitions

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  1. (archaic) Only used in 彼其.

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Readings

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  • Go-on: (gi) (go)
  • Kan-on: (ki)
  • Kun: その (sono, 其の)それ (sore, 其れ)それ (sore, ) (shi, )
  • Nanori: その (sono)

Compounds

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Pronoun

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Kanji in this term

Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

() (shi

  1. (archaic) that
  2. you
  3. oneself

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese (MC gi).

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun (geu gi))

  1. (literary) hanja form? of (therein)
  2. (literary) hanja form? of (his; her; its; their)
  3. (literary) hanja form? of (that; those)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: , kỳ, , khởi

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.