終

See also: 终

Translingual

Etymology

Historical forms of the character 終
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Large seal script	Small seal script

Han character

終 (radical 120 糸+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 女火竹水卜 (VFHEY), four-corner 2793₃, composition ⿰糹冬)

1. end
2. finally, in the end
3. (euphemistic) to die; death

References

• KangXi: page 921, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27372
• Dae Jaweon: page 1353, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3384, character 5
• Unihan data for U+7D42

---

Chinese

trad.		終
simp.		终

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhōng (zhong¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zung¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chûng
• Min Nan (POJ): chiong

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: zhōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥ
    • Wade-Giles: chung¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jong
    • IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zung¹
    • Yale: jūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzung¹
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chûng
    • Hakka Romanization System: zung´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zung¹
    • IPA: /t͡suŋ²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiong
    • Tâi-lô: tsiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ciofng
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕɨuŋ/▼

Rime
Character	終
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	職戎切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuwŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiuŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭuŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯uŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhōng

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*tuŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tjuŋ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	終
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhōng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyuwng ›
Old Chinese	/*tuŋ/
English	end
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	終
Reading #	1/1
No.	2428
Phonetic component	冬
Rime group	終
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	終
Old Chinese	/*tjuŋ/

Definitions

終

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

Japanese

Kanji

終

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Goon: しゅ (shu)
• Kan’on: しゅう (shū)
• Kun: おわる (owaru), おえる (oeru), しまう (shimau), つい (tsui)

Compounds

Terms derived from 終

• 一部始終 (いちぶしじゅう) ‎(ichibushijū)
• 年金終価率 (ねんきんしゅうかりつ) ‎(nenkinshūkaritsu)
• 最終 (さいしゅう) ‎(saishū)
• 終了 (しゅうりょう) ‎(shūryō)
• 終夜 (しゅうや) ‎(shūya)

• 終局 (しゅうきょく) ‎(shūkyoku)
• 終年 (しゅうねん) ‎(shūnen)
• 終日 (しゅうじつ) ‎(shūjitsu)
• 終曲 (しゅうきょく) ‎(shūkyoku)
• 終楽章 (しゅうがくしょう) ‎(shūgakushō)

• 終止 (しゅうし) ‎(shūshi)
• 終点 (しゅうてん) ‎(shūten)
• 終話 (しゅうわ) ‎(shūwa)
• 複利終価率 (ふくりしゅうかりつ) ‎(fukurishūkaritsu)

---

Korean

Hanja

終 • ‎(jong) (hangeul 종, revised jong, McCune-Reischauer chong, Yale cong)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

Vietnamese

Han character

終 (chung, chon, giong, trọn, xông)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.