邪

邪 U+90AA, 邪 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-90AA ← 邩 [U+90A9] CJK Unified Ideographs 邫 → [U+90AB]

Translingual

Han character

邪 (radical 163, 邑+4 in Chinese, 邑+5 in Japanese, 7 strokes in Chinese, 8 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 一竹弓中 (MHNL), four-corner 1722₇, composition ⿰牙⻏)

References

• KangXi: page 1269, character 14
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39319
• Dae Jaweon: page 1768, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3758, character 4
• Unihan data for U+90AA

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		邪
alternative forms		衺 “evil; strange; tilted” 𧘪 “evil; strange; tilted” 耶 “evil; strange; tilted; particle”

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 邪
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (牙) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
邪	*ljaː, *laː
衺	*ljaː
牙	*ŋraː
芽	*ŋraː
齖	*ŋraː, *ŋraːs
呀	*ŋraː, *hŋraː
枒	*ŋraː, *ŋraːs
雅	*ŋraːʔ
厊	*ŋraːʔ
庌	*ŋraːʔ
訝	*ŋraːs
迓	*ŋraːs
砑	*ŋraːs
犽	*ŋraːs
疨	*hŋraː
岈	*hŋraː
谺	*hŋraː
颬	*hŋraː
鴉	*qraː
釾	*laː

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ljaː, *laː): phonetic 牙 (OC *ŋraː) + semantic 邑 (“town; city”).

The semantic component suggests that this character was originally used in a place name, which Shuowen suggests to be 琅邪. It was later borrowed for other meanings, the most prominent being “wrong; evil” (originally written as 衺).

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xié, xiá (xie², xia²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄝˊ, ㄒㄧㄚˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ce⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): sià

  (Meixian, Guangdong): xia²

• Min Bei (KCR): ciǎ
• Min Dong (BUC): sià
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): siâ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sia⁵

• Wu (Wiktionary): xxia (T3)

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: xié
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˊ
    • Wade–Giles: hsieh2
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shye
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sié
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕjɛ³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, rare literary variant)⁺
    • Pinyin: xiá
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˊ
    • Wade–Giles: hsia2
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shya
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siá
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕjä³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ce⁴
    • Yale: chèh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tse⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: cé⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛː²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sià
    • Hakka Romanization System: xiaˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xia²
    • Sinological IPA: /ɕi̯a¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: xia²
    • Sinological IPA: /ɕia¹¹/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ciǎ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sia²¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sià
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sia⁵³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siâ
    • Tâi-lô: siâ
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siaa
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ɕia²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕia²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕia¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɕia²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕia²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sia⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siâ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sia⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: xxia (T3)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʑ̻ia̱²³/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 邪
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕiɛ³⁵/
	Harbin	/ɕiɛ²²⁴/
	Tianjin	/ɕie⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/ɕiə⁴²/
	Qingdao	/siə⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/siɛ⁴²/
	Xi'an	/ɕiɛ²⁴/
	Xining	/ɕi⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ɕie⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/ɕiə⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/ɕiɤ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/ɕie²¹³/
	Chengdu	/ɕie³¹/
	Guiyang	/ɕie²¹/
	Kunming	/ɕiɛ³¹/
	Nanjing	/sie²⁴/
	Hefei	/ɕi⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕie¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ɕie̞¹³/
	Hohhot	/ɕie³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ʑia²³/
	Suzhou	/ziɑ¹³/
	Hangzhou	/d͡ʑiɑ²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/zei³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/t͡sʰiɛ⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/sie¹³/
	Xiangtan	/siɒ¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɕiɑ⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/sia¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/siɑ¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sʰɛ²¹/
	Nanning	/t͡sʰe²¹/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sʰɛ²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/sia³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/sia⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/t͡sia²¹/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/sia⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/se³¹/ /tia³¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: /zia/

Rime
Character	邪
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	麻 (100)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	似嗟切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/zia/
Pan Wuyun	/zia/
Shao Rongfen	/zia/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/zia/
Li Rong	/zia/
Wang Li	/zĭa/
Bernard Karlgren	/zi̯a/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xié

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*sə.ɢA/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ljaː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	邪
Reading #	1/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xié
Middle Chinese	‹ zjæ ›
Old Chinese	/*sə.ɢA/
English	awry
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	邪
Reading #	1/2
No.	14175
Phonetic component	牙
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	衺
Old Chinese	/*ljaː/

Definitions

邪

1. wrong; evil; depraved; vicious; perverse; heterodox
2. unnatural; strange
3. disaster; calamity
4. (traditional Chinese medicine) unwholesome environmental factor; pathogenetic factor
5. ^† Alternative form of 斜 (xié, “tilted; inclined”).

Compounds

Derived terms from 邪

• 中邪 (zhòngxié)
• 去邪從正／去邪从正
• 去邪歸正／去邪归正
• 反邪歸正／反邪归正
• 回邪
• 天真無邪／天真无邪 (tiānzhēnwúxié)
• 奸邪 (jiānxié)
• 妖術邪法／妖术邪法
• 妖邪 (yāoxié)
• 姦盜邪淫／奸盗邪淫
• 姦邪／奸邪
• 官邪
• 崇正黜邪
• 忿世嫉邪
• 思無邪／思无邪
• 憤世嫉邪／愤世嫉邪
• 憸邪／𪫺邪
• 扶正黜邪
• 改邪歸正／改邪归正 (gǎixiéguīzhèng)
• 放邪火
• 棄邪從正／弃邪从正
• 棄邪歸正／弃邪归正
• 正直無邪／正直无邪
• 歪心邪意
• 歪門邪道／歪门邪道
• 歪風邪氣／歪风邪气
• 氛邪
• 水性隨邪／水性随邪

• 洞燭姦邪／洞烛奸邪
• 洿邪
• 淫邪
• 無邪／无邪 (wúxié)
• 狎邪
• 異端邪說／异端邪说
• 目不邪視／目不邪视 (mù bù xiéshì)
• 矯邪歸正／矫邪归正
• 破邪論序／破邪论序
• 破邪顯正／破邪显正
• 舍正從邪／舍正从邪
• 虛邪／虚邪
• 辟邪 (bìxié)
• 避邪 (bìxié)
• 邪不勝正／邪不胜正
• 邪不干正
• 邪世
• 邪佞
• 邪偽／邪伪
• 邪僻 (xiépì)
• 邪徑／邪径
• 邪心
• 邪念 (xiéniàn)
• 邪惡／邪恶 (xié'è)
• 邪教 (xiéjiào)
• 邪曲
• 邪氣／邪气 (xiéqì)
• 邪法

• 邪派
• 邪皮
• 邪神 (xiéshén)
• 邪祟 (xiésuì)
• 邪臣
• 邪行
• 邪術／邪术 (xiéshù)
• 邪視／邪视 (xiéshì)
• 邪說／邪说 (xiéshuō)
• 邪說異端／邪说异端
• 邪謀／邪谋
• 邪路 (xiélù)
• 邪道 (xiédào)
• 邪道兒／邪道儿
• 邪門／邪门 (xiémén)
• 邪門歪道／邪门歪道 (xiéménwāidào)
• 邪靈／邪灵 (xiélíng)
• 邪魔 (xiémó)
• 邪魔外道
• 鎮邪／镇邪
• 鎮邪物／镇邪物
• 閑邪存誠／闲邪存诚
• 闢邪／辟邪
• 隨邪／随邪
• 風邪／风邪 (fēngxié)
• 驅邪／驱邪 (qūxié)
• 鬼隨邪／鬼随邪

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yé, yá (ye², ya²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄝˊ, ㄧㄚˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): je⁴
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): iâ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ia⁵

• Wu (Wiktionary): hhia (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: yé
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄝˊ
    • Wade–Giles: yeh2
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ye
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yé
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛ³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: yá
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˊ
    • Wade–Giles: ya2
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ya
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yá
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jä³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: je⁴
    • Yale: yèh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: je⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yé⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛː²¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iâ
    • Tâi-lô: iâ
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iaa
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ia²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ia²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ia¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ia²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ia²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ia⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iâ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ia⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: hhia (T3)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɦia̱²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: /jia/

Rime
Character	邪
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	麻 (100)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	以遮切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jia/
Pan Wuyun	/jia/
Shao Rongfen	/ia/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jia/
Li Rong	/ia/
Wang Li	/jĭa/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯a/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yé

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢ(r)A/

  (Zhengzhang): /*laː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	邪
Reading #	3/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yá
Middle Chinese	‹ yæ ›
Old Chinese	/*ɢ(r)A/
English	琅邪 (name of a mountain in Shāndōng)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	邪
Reading #	2/2
No.	14197
Phonetic component	牙
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	邪
Old Chinese	/*laː/
Notes	俗作耶

Definitions

邪

1. Only used in 琅邪, alternative form of 琅琊.

Compounds

Derived terms from 邪

• 琅邪

• 琅邪山

Pronunciation 3

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yé (ye²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄝˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): je⁴
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): iâ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ia⁵

• Wu (Wiktionary): hhia (T3)

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: yé
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄝˊ
    • Wade–Giles: yeh2
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ye
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yé
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: je⁴
    • Yale: yèh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: je⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yé⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛː²¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iâ
    • Tâi-lô: iâ
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iaa
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ia²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ia²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ia¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ia²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ia²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ia⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iâ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ia⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: hhia (T3)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɦia̱²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: /jia/

Rime
Character	邪
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	麻 (100)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	以遮切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jia/
Pan Wuyun	/jia/
Shao Rongfen	/ia/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jia/
Li Rong	/ia/
Wang Li	/jĭa/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯a/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yé

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ](r)A/

  (Zhengzhang): /*laː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	邪
Reading #	4/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yé
Middle Chinese	‹ yæ ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ](r)A/
English	(interrogative particle)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	邪
Reading #	2/2
No.	14197
Phonetic component	牙
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	邪
Old Chinese	/*laː/
Notes	俗作耶

Definitions

邪

1. ^† Alternative form of 耶 (yé, “sentence-final interrogative particle”).

   • 其正色邪？其遠而無所至極邪？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     其正色邪？其远而无所至极邪？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE

     Qí zhèng sè yé? Qí yuǎn ér wú suǒ zhì jí yé? [Pinyin]

     Is its azure the proper colour of the sky? Or is it occasioned by its distance and illimitable extent?

2. ^† The chant of labourers used for synchronized pulling, lifting, etc., similar to heigh-ho.

   • 夫治天下猶曳大木然，前者唱邪，後者唱許。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     夫治天下犹曳大木然，前者唱邪，后者唱许。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 黃宗羲, 《明夷待訪錄·原臣》

     Fú zhì tiānxià yóu yè dà mù rán, qián zhě chàng yé, hòu zhě chàng xǔ. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this example)

Compounds

Derived terms from 邪

• 干將莫邪／干将莫邪 (gānjiāng-mòyé)
• 昆邪

• 莫邪 (Mòyé)
• 邪呼

• 邪許／邪许

Pronunciation 4

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xú (xu²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩˊ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: xú
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩˊ
    • Wade–Giles: hsü2
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyu
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syú
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy³⁵/

---

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*sə.la/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	邪
Reading #	2/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xú
Middle Chinese	‹ zjo ›
Old Chinese	/*sə.la/
English	walk slowly
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions

邪

1. ^† Alternative form of 徐 (xú, “slow”).

   • 其虛其邪？既亟只且！ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     其虚其邪？既亟只且！ [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, circa 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Qí xū qí xú? Jì jí zhǐjū! [Pinyin]

     Is it a time for delay? The urgency is extreme!

Pronunciation 5

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yú (yu²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄩˊ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: yú
    • Zhuyin: ㄩˊ
    • Wade–Giles: yü2
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yu
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yú
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /y³⁵/

Definitions

邪

1. ^† Alternative form of 餘／余 (yú, “remainder; remaining days”).

   • 歸邪於終，事則不悖。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     归邪于终，事则不悖。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, circa 91 BCE

     Guī yú yú zhōng, shì zé bù bèi. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this example)

Pronunciation 6

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shé (she²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄜˊ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: shé
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄜˊ
    • Wade–Giles: shê2
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sher
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shé
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɤ³⁵/

Definitions

邪

1. Only used in 歸邪／归邪.

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Japanese

Kanji

邪

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. wicked
2. injustice
3. wrong

Readings

• Go-on: じゃ (ja, Jōyō)^{←じや (zya, historical)}; や (ya)
• Kan-on: しゃ (sha); や (ya)
• Kun: か (ka, 邪); よこしま (yokoshima, 邪)

Compounds

• 邪魔 (じゃま) (jama)
• 風 (か)邪 (ぜ) (kaze)
• 邪気 (じゃき) (jaki)

Synonyms

• (evil): 奸

Antonyms

• (evil): 正, 義 (righteous)

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Korean

Hanja

邪 • (sa, ya) (hangeul 사, 야, revised sa, ya, McCune–Reischauer sa, ya, Yale sa, ya)

1. cunning, sly, crafty, artful
2. dislocated, out of joint, out of step, out of line
3. deceive, cheat, trick, fool, swindle
4. crooked, askew, slanted

Compounds

• 사술 (邪術, sasul)

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Vietnamese

Han character

邪 (tà, tá)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.