遠

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See also: 远 and 逺
遠 U+9060, 遠
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9060
← 遟
[U+905F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 遡 →
[U+9061]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
13 strokes

Han character[edit]

遠 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+10, 14 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 13 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 卜土口女 (YGRV), four-corner 34303, composition ⿺辶袁)

Derived characters[edit]

Related characters[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1263, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39047
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1757, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3869, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+9060

Chinese[edit]

trad. 遠
simp. 远*
alternative forms 逺

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 遠
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (袁) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
薳 *ɢʷalʔ
袁 *ɢʷan
園 *ɢʷan
轅 *ɢʷan
猿 *ɢʷan
榬 *ɢʷan
溒 *ɢʷan
遠 *ɢʷanʔ, *ɢʷans

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢʷanʔ, *ɢʷans): semantic 辵 (“walk”) + phonetic 袁 (OC *ɢʷan).

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-wəj-n (“far”) (STEDT). Cognate with Proto-Lolo-Burmese *wəj² (“far”), whence Burmese ဝေး (we:, “far”).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note:
  • huông - vernacular;
  • uōng - literary.
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • hn̄g/hňg/huīⁿ - vernacular;
    • oán - literary.
    Note:
    • hng6 - vernacular;
    • iang2/iêng2 - literary (iêng2 - Chaozhou).
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Rime
    Character 遠
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial (聲) 云 (35)
    Final (韻) 元 (66)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 雲阮切
    Baxter hjwonX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɦʉɐnX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɦʷiɐnX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ɣiuɐnX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ɦuanX/
    Li
    Rong         		/ɣiuɐnX/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɣĭwɐnX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/i̯wɐnX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		yuǎn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		jyun5
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 遠
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		yuǎn
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ hjwonX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*C.ɢʷanʔ/
    English far

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 遠
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 16226
    Phonetic
    component         		袁
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		遠
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ɢʷanʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    遠

    1. distant; remote; far
      Antonym: 近 (jìn)
      在不遠的將來／在不远的将来  ―  zài bù yuǎn de jiānglái  ―  in the not too distant future
      我家離大學很遠。／我家离大学很远。  ―  Wǒ jiā lí dàxué hěn yuǎn.  ―  My home is far from my university.
    2. not intimate; distant
      遠親／远亲  ―  yuǎnqīn  ―  distant relative
    3. profound
    4. (intensifier in a comparison) much; by far
      兩者差遠了。／两者差远了。  ―  Liǎngzhě chā yuǎn le.  ―  The two are very different.
      論學識我遠不及他。 [MSC, trad.]
      论学识我远不及他。 [MSC, simp.]
      Lùn xuéshí wǒ yuǎn bùjí tā. [Pinyin]
      (please add an English translation of this example)
    Synonyms[edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 遠 (“far; distant; remote”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 遠, 遙, 悠, 迥, 遼
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 遠, 遙遠, 遼遠
    Mandarin Beijing 遠
    Taiwan 遠
    Jinan 遠
    Xi'an 遠
    Wuhan 遠
    Chengdu 遠
    Yangzhou 遠
    Hefei 遠
    Singapore 遠
    Cantonese Guangzhou 遠
    Hong Kong 遠
    Yangjiang 遠
    Singapore (Guangfu) 遠
    Gan Nanchang 遠
    Hakka Meixian 遠
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 遠
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 遠
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 遠
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 遠
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 遠
    Jin Taiyuan 遠
    Min Bei Jian'ou 𨱵
    Jian'ou (Dikou) 𨱵
    Songxi 𨱵
    Zhenghe 𨱵
    Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 𨱵
    Jianyang 𨱵
    Wuyishan 𨱵
    Pucheng (Shibei) 𨱵
    Min Dong Fuzhou 遠
    Min Nan Xiamen 遠
    Singapore (Hokkien) 遠
    Manila (Hokkien) 遠
    Chaozhou 遠
    Wu Suzhou 遠
    Wenzhou 遠
    Xiang Changsha 遠
    Shuangfeng 遠

    Compounds[edit]

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    Rime
    Character 遠
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial (聲) 云 (35)
    Final (韻) 元 (66)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 于願切
    Baxter hjwonH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɦʉɐnH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɦʷiɐnH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ɣiuɐnH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ɦuanH/
    Li
    Rong         		/ɣiuɐnH/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɣĭwɐnH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/i̯wɐnH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		yuàn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		jyun6
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 遠
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 16227
    Phonetic
    component         		袁
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		遠
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ɢʷans/

    Definitions[edit]

    遠

    1. to distance oneself from; to keep at a distance
    2. a surname

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Shinjitai 遠
    Kyūjitai
    [1][2][3]
    遠󠄁
    遠+&#xE0101;?
    (Adobe-Japan1)
    遠󠄄
    遠+&#xE0104;?
    (Hanyo-Denshi)
    (Moji_Joho)
    The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
    See here for details.

    Kanji[edit]

    遠

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. distant, far
    2. temporally long
    3. unfriendly, keep away
    4. deep, profound
    5. estranged
    6. Tōtōmi Province

    Readings[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 遠 (MC hjwonX); compare Mandarin 遠／远 (yuǎn):

    From native Japanese roots:

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    遠
    とお
    Grade: 2
    kun’yomi

    ⟨to2po⟩ → */təpo/ → /tofo/ → /towo/ → /toː/

    From Old Japanese.

    Stem of classical adjective 遠し (tōshi), modern 遠い (tōi, “distant, far”).[4]

    Prefix[edit]

    遠(とお) • (tō-) ←とほ (tofo)?

    1. distant, far-off
    Derived terms[edit]
    Derived terms

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    遠
    おち
    Grade: 2
    kun’yomi

    /woti/ → /wot͡ɕi/ → /ot͡ɕi/

    From Old Japanese.

    Alternative forms[edit]

    Pronoun[edit]

    遠(おち) • (ochi) ←をち (woti)?

    1. (archaic) a distant place
    2. (archaic) a time far from the present
      1. the distant past
      2. the far-off future

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    遠
    おと
    Grade: 2
    kun’yomi

    ⟨woto2⟩ → */wotə/ → /woto/ → /oto/

    Shift from Old Japanese ochi, ancient woti (see above).[4][5]

    Alternative forms[edit]

    Pronoun[edit]

    遠(おと) • (oto) ←をと (woto)?

    1. (archaic) a distant place
    2. (archaic) a time far from the present
      1. the distant past
      2. the far-off future
    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 4[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    遠
    えん
    Grade: 2
    kan’on

    From Middle Chinese 遠 (MC hjwonX, “distant; remote; far”), corresponding to modern Mandarin yuǎn, Cantonese jyun5.

    As a verb in Chinese compounds like 遠色 (enshoku, “keep aloof from beauty”, kun'yomi iro o tōzaku), from Middle Chinese 遠 (MC hjwonH, “keep at a distance; keep away from”), corresponding to Mandarin yuàn, Cantonese jyun6.

    The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Affix[edit]

    遠(えん) • (en) ←ゑん (wen)?

    1. distant; far; remote (in time or space)
    2. distant (in relationship); estranged
    3. deep; profound
    4. Abbreviation of 遠江国 (Tōtōmi no kuni, “Tōtōmi Province”).
    Derived terms[edit]
    Derived terms

    Etymology 5[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    遠
    おん
    Grade: 2
    goon

    From Middle Chinese 遠 (MC hjwonX, “distant; remote; far”).

    The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Affix[edit]

    遠(おん) • (on) ←をん (won)?

    1. distant; far; remote (in time, space, or relationship)
    Derived terms[edit]
    Derived terms

    References[edit]

    1. ^ “遠”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎[1] (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
    2. ^ 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 2124 (paper), page 1114 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)
    3. ^ 1927, 新漢和辭典 (Shin Kanwa Jiten, “The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1226 (paper), page 626 (digital), Ōsaka: 松雲堂 (Shōundō)
    4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    5. ^ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    遠 (eumhun 멀 원 (meol won))

    1. Hanja form? of 원 (“distant; far”).

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    遠: Hán Nôm readings: viễn, vẻn, viển, vỏn

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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