temporal

See also: temporâl

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɛm.pəɹ.əl/

  • Audio (UK)

    (file)

Etymology 1

From Middle English temporal, borrowed from Old French temporal, from Latin temporālis, from tempus (“season, time, opportunity”).

Adjective

temporal (comparative more temporal, superlative most temporal)

1. (also grammar) Of or relating to time.
2. Of limited time; transient; passing; not perpetual.
   • Bible, 2 Corinthians iv. 18

     The things which are seen are temporal, but the things which are not seen are eternal.

3. Of or relating to the material world, as opposed to spiritual.
   • 2011, Thomas Penn, Winter King, Penguin 2012, p. 166:

     Not long before, he had ruefully acknowledged in a letter to his pious mother that most of his appointments to the bench of bishops had been motivated by distinctly temporal impulses.

4. Lasting a short time only.
5. Civil or political, as distinguished from ecclesiastical.

   temporal power; temporal courts

Derived terms

• biotemporal
• extratemporal
• metatemporal
• omnitemporal
• physiotemporal
• retrotemporal
• sociotemporal
• spatiotemporal
• temporal hour
• temporality
• temporally
• transtemporal

 

Translations

of or relating to time

• Catalan: temporal (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 时间的

• Czech: časový (cs)
• Estonian: aja-, ajaline
• Finnish: aika-, ajallinen (fi)
• French: temporel (fr)
• Georgian: დროებითი (droebiti)
• German: zeitlich (de), (in grammar also) temporal (de)
• Irish: aimseartha
• Italian: temporale (it)

• Latin: temporālis
• Norwegian: temporal
• Persian: زمانی‎ (fa) (zamâni)
• Polish: czasowy (pl)
• Portuguese: temporal (pt)
• Romanian: temporal (ro)
• Russian: временно́й (ru) (vremennój)
• Spanish: temporal (es)
• Swedish: tidsmässig (sv), tidsbunden, temporal (sv)
• Turkish: zamana ait, zamansal

of limited time

• Catalan: temporal (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 短暂的

• Estonian: ajutine (et)
• Finnish: väliaikainen (fi)
• French: temporaire (fr)
• Georgian: დროებითი (droebiti), გარდამავალი (gardamavali)
• German: zeitweilig (de), vorübergehend (de), temporär (de)
• Hebrew: זמני‎ (z'mani)

• Italian: temporale (it)
• Latin: temporālis, temporārius
• Manx: çherraghtagh
• Norwegian: temporær
• Portuguese: temporário (pt)
• Romanian: temporar (ro)
• Russian: вре́менный (ru) (vrémennyj)
• Swedish: temporär (sv)
• Turkish: geçici (tr), fani (tr)

of or relating to the material world

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 世俗的

• Czech: světský (cs)
• Danish: verdslig (da)
• Finnish: maallinen (fi), ajallinen (fi)
• French: temporel (fr)
• German: diesseitig (de), weltlich (de)
• Irish: saolta, teamparálta

• Latin: temporālis
• Maori: whakawhenua
• Norwegian: jordisk (no). timelig, verdslig
• Portuguese: temporal (pt)
• Romanian: lumesc (ro), pământesc (ro)
• Scottish Gaelic: saoghalta
• Swedish: världslig (sv), jordisk (sv)
• Turkish: cismani (tr), dünyevi (tr), fani (tr), maddi (tr)

(euphemistic for) lasting a short time only

• Catalan: temporal (ca) m or f
• Finnish: hetkellinen, lyhytaikainen (fi)
• French: temporaire (fr) m or f
• German: temporär (de)
• Italian: temporale (it)
• Latin: temporālis, temporārius

• Norwegian: forbigående, temporær
• Portuguese: temporário (pt)
• Romanian: temporar (ro), trecător (ro)
• Russian: преходя́щий (ru) (prexodjáščij)
• Swedish: tillfällig (sv), temporär (sv)
• Turkish: geçici (tr), muvakkat (tr), fani (tr)

Noun

temporal (plural temporals)

1. (chiefly in the plural) Anything temporal or secular; a temporality.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Dryden to this entry?)

   • (Can we date this quote by Lowell and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)

     He assigns supremacy to the pope in spirituals, and to the emperor in temporals.

Etymology 2

From New Latin temporālis, from Latin tempora (“the temples”), plural of tempus (“temple, head, face”).

Adjective

temporal (not comparable)

1. (anatomy) of the temples of the head

Derived terms

• anterotemporal
• centrotemporal
• temporal bone
• temporal lobe
• temporodorsal

Translations

of the temples of the head

• Catalan: temporal (ca) m
• Czech: spánkový m
• Finnish: ohimo-
• German: Schläfen-
• Italian: temporale (it)

• Latin: templaris
• Norwegian: temporal
• Portuguese: temporal (pt)
• Russian: висо́чный (ru) (visóčnyj)

Noun

temporal (plural temporals)

1. (anatomy) Either of the bones on the side of the skull, near the ears.
2. Any of a reptile's scales on the side of the head between the parietal and supralabial scales, and behind the postocular scales.

Translations

temples of the head

• Catalan: temporal (ca) m
• German: Schläfen (de) f pl

• Portuguese: temporal (pt) m
• Spanish: temporal (es) m, sienes (es) f pl

Further reading

• temporal in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• temporal in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911.

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Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin temporalis.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /təm.poˈɾal/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /təm.puˈɾal/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /tem.poˈɾal/

Noun

temporal m (plural temporals)

1. storm

Adjective

temporal (masculine and feminine plural temporals)

1. temporal

Derived terms

• lòbul temporal

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Cimbrian

Noun

temporàl m

1. (Luserna) thunderstorm

References

• “temporal” in Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

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Galician

Temporal

Etymology

13th century. Borrowed from Latin temporālis, from tempus (“time”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɛmpoˈɾal/

Noun

temporal m (plural temporais)

1. (weather) rainstorm, windstorm

   Synonym: vendaval

2. (weather) tempest

   Synonym: tempestade

Noun

temporal m (plural temporais)

1. (anatomy) the temporal bone

Adjective

temporal m or f (plural temporais)

1. temporal, pertaining to time
2. temporal, transient, as opposed to eternal
3. temporal, pertaining to the temples of the head
4. (grammar) of a grammatical case in Hungarian

References

• “temporal” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
• “temporal” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• “temporal” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
• “temporal” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “temporal” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

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German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɛmpoˈʀaːl/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aːl

Adjective

temporal (not comparable)

1. temporal

Declension

Declension of temporal

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter	all genders
predicative		er ist temporal	sie ist temporal	es ist temporal	sie sind temporal
strong declension (without article)	nominative	temporaler	temporale	temporales	temporale
	genitive	temporalen	temporaler	temporalen	temporaler
	dative	temporalem	temporaler	temporalem	temporalen
	accusative	temporalen	temporale	temporales	temporale
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der temporale	die temporale	das temporale	die temporalen
	genitive	des temporalen	der temporalen	des temporalen	der temporalen
	dative	dem temporalen	der temporalen	dem temporalen	den temporalen
	accusative	den temporalen	die temporale	das temporale	die temporalen
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein temporaler	eine temporale	ein temporales	(keine) temporalen
	genitive	eines temporalen	einer temporalen	eines temporalen	(keiner) temporalen
	dative	einem temporalen	einer temporalen	einem temporalen	(keinen) temporalen
	accusative	einen temporalen	eine temporale	ein temporales	(keine) temporalen

Synonyms

• zeitlich

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Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin temporālis, from Latin tempus (“time”).

Adjective

temporal (neuter singular temporalt, definite singular and plural temporale)

1. temporal (related to time)
2. temporal (related to the temples)

Derived terms

• temporalia

Related terms

• temporær

References

• “temporal” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “temporal” in The Ordnett Dictionary

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Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˌtẽ.po.ˈɾaw/
• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /tẽ.pu.ˈɾaɫ/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin temporālis (“temporal”), from tempus (“season, time, opportunity”), from Proto-Indo-European *tempos (“stretch”).

Adjective

temporal m or f (plural temporais, not comparable)

1. temporal (relating to time)

Synonyms

• crónico

Related terms

• tempão
• temperatura
• tempestade
• tempestivo
• tempestuoso
• tempo
• temporada
• temporalidade
• temporão
• temporário
• temporização
• temporizar

 

Etymology 2

From tempo (“weather”).

Noun

temporal m (plural temporais)

1. downpour; heavy rain

Synonyms

• tempestade, vendaval

Etymology 3

From têmpora (“temple of the head”).

Noun

temporal m (plural temporais)

1. temporal bone

Hypernyms

• osso

Holonyms

• crânio

Coordinate terms

• occipital, parietal, frontal, esfenoide, etmoide

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Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin temporālis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tempoˈɾal/, [t̪ẽmpoˈɾal]

Adjective

temporal (plural temporales)

1. temporal (of or relating to time)
2. temporary

   Synonym: temporario

3. (anatomy) temporal (of the temples of the head)

Derived terms

• espaciotemporal
• hueso temporal
• infratemporal
• lóbulo temporal
• temporalmente

 

Related terms

• temporalidad

Noun

temporal m (plural temporales)

1. storm

   Synonyms: tempestad, vendaval

Derived terms

• capear el temporal

Further reading

• “temporal” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.