-alis

See also: alis, Alis, and -ális

Latin

Alternative forms

• -āris
• -ēlis
• -īlis
• -ūlis

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *-li-, which later dissimilated into an early version of -aris. Perhaps connected to *h₂el- (“to grow”) (cf. the sense of indolēs, from this root).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈaː.lis/, [ˈaː.lɪs]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈa.lis/, [ˈaː.lis]

Suffix

-ālis m, f (neuter -āle); third declension

1. Used to form adjectives of relationship from nouns or numerals.

Usage notes

The suffix -ālis is added to a noun or numeral to form an adjective of relationship to that noun.

Examples:

duo (“two”) + ‎-alis → ‎duālis (“that contains two”)

nātūra (“nature”) + ‎-alis → ‎nātūrālis (“natural”)

rēx (“king, ruler”) + ‎-alis → ‎rēgālis (“regal, royal”)

If the root word ends in -l or -lis, -āris is generally used instead. Sometimes both forms are found; e.g., līneālis and līneāris.

Declension

Third declension.

Number	Singular			Plural
Case / Gender	Masc./Fem.	Neuter		Masc./Fem.	Neuter
nominative	-ālis	-āle		-ālēs	-ālia
genitive	-ālis			-ālium
dative	-ālī			-ālibus
accusative	-ālem	-āle		-ālēs, -ālīs	-ālia
ablative	-ālī			-ālibus
vocative	-ālis	-āle		-ālēs	-ālia

Derived terms

• -ālia

► Latin words suffixed with -alis

Descendants

• Aromanian: -alji, -alj
• Catalan: -al, -alla
• English: -al
• French: -al, -el, -aille
• Friulian: -âl, -ae
• German: -al
• Italian: -ale, -aglia

• Occitan: -al, -alha
• Portuguese: -al, -alha
• Romanian: -aie, -ai
• Sicilian: -ali
• Spanish: -al
• Venetian: -al, -aja, -agia
• Welsh: -ol