離

See also: 离

Translingual

Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *reːls, *rel, *rels): semantic 隹 ‎(“bird”) + phonetic 离 ‎(OC *rel, *r̥ʰel) – birds flying away (departing).

Han character

離 (radical 172 隹+11, 19 strokes, cangjie input 卜月人土 (YBOG), four-corner 0041₄, composition ⿰离隹)

References

• KangXi: page 1369, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42140
• Dae Jaweon: page 1875, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4106, character 2
• Unihan data for U+96E2

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Chinese

trad.		離
simp.		离

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lí (li²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lei⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lì
• Min Nan (POJ): lī / lî

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: lí
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˊ
    • Wade-Giles: lih²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: li
    • IPA ^(key): /li³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: lei⁴
    • Yale: lèih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lei⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /lei̯²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lì
    • Hakka Romanization System: liˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: li²
    • IPA: /li¹¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lī / lî
    • Tâi-lô: lī / lî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: li, lii
    • IPA (Taipei): /li³³/, /li²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /li²²/, /li¹³/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 離
Mandarin	Beijing	/li³⁵/
	Harbin	/li²⁴/
	Tianjin	/li⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/li⁴²/
	Qingdao	/li⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/li⁴²/ ～婚 /li³¹²/ ～開
	Xi'an	/li²⁴/ ～別 /li⁴⁴/ ～開
	Xining	/l̩²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/li⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/li⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/li⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/ni²¹³/
	Chengdu	/ni³¹/
	Guiyang	/ni²¹/
	Kunming	/li³¹/
	Nanjing	/li²⁴/ /li⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/zz̩⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/li¹¹/
	Pingyao	/li¹³/ ～別 /li³⁵/ 分開了
	Hohhot	/li³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/li²³/
	Suzhou	/li¹³/
	Hangzhou	/li¹³/
	Wenzhou	/lei³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/li⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/li⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/li¹³/
	Xiangtan	/ni¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/li⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/li¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/li¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/lei²¹/
	Nanning	/li²¹/
	Hong Kong	/lei²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/li³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/lie⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/li⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/li⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/li³¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /liᴇ/, /liᴇ^H/, /lei^H/▼

Rime
Character	離	離	離
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	來 (37)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	支 (11)	支 (11)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	IV
Fanqie	呂支切	力智切	郎計切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liᴇ/	/liᴇH/	/leiH/
Pan Wuyun	/liɛ/	/liɛH/	/leiH/
Shao Rongfen	/ljɛ/	/ljɛH/	/lɛiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/liə̆/	/liə̆H/	/lɛjH/
Li Rong	/lie/	/lieH/	/leiH/
Wang Li	/lǐe/	/lǐeH/	/lieiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/lie̯/	/lie̯H/	/lieiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lí	lì	lì

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*[r]aj/, /*raj-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*reːls/, /*rel/, /*rels/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	離	離	離
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lí	lí	lì
Middle Chinese	‹ lje ›	‹ lje ›	‹ ljeH ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]aj/	/*[r]aj/	/*raj-s/
English	meet with, encounter	depart from	reject
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	離	離	離
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	7779	7780	7794
Phonetic component	离	离	离
Rime group	歌	歌	歌
Rime subdivision	2	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	麗	離	詈
Old Chinese	/*reːls/	/*rel/	/*rels/
Notes		甲文象隹入網羅，離反爲省文

Definitions

離

1. to leave, depart
2. to go away
3. to separate
4. away from
5. 3rd of the 8 trigrams
6. 30th hexagram of the I Ching

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Japanese

Kanji

離

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On: り (ri)
• Kun: はなれる (離れる, hanareru), はなす (離す, hanasu), つく (tsuku)

Compounds

• 乖離 (かいり) ‎(kairi)
• 距離 (きょり) ‎(kyori)
• 不即不離 (ふそくふり) ‎(fusokufuri)
• 分離 (ぶんり) ‎(bunri)
• 離間 (りかん) ‎(rikan)
• 離婚 (りこん) ‎(rikon)
• 離脱 (りだつ) ‎(ridatsu)
• 離別 (りべつ) ‎(ribetsu)
• 幽体離脱 (ゆうたいりだつ) ‎(yūtai ridatsu): out-of-body experience
• 体外離脱 (たいがいりだつ) ‎(taigai ridatsu): out-of-body experience

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Korean

Hanja

離 • ‎(ri, i) (hangeul 리, 이, revised ri, i, McCune-Reischauer ri, i, Yale li, i)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

離 (ly, li, le, lè, lì, lìa, lia)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.